Introduction to Scoring
The CDP Scoring Methodology is designed to incentivize jurisdictions’ transition towards resilience and net-zero through equitable environmental action. The scoring process is a valuable opportunity for jurisdictions to get feedback on their climate and environmental planning. Jurisdictions can use their score to benchmark their progress against others and to identify areas to improve on.
To receive scores which accurately reflect a jurisdiction’s climate and environmental actions, it is important that the questionnaire is answered as thoroughly as possible. Any actions or plans that are not reported within the questionnaire will not be reflected in the score.
Scores remain private to jurisdictions, but CDP recognizes leadership in climate action by highlighting those who receive an A score through an international media campaign.
CDP scores responses submitted in all languages. Responding in English is not a requirement to be on the A list and the language of submission does not impact a jurisdiction’s score.
Key changes to the 2022 Scoring Methodology
The new 2022 Cities Questionnaire
The questionnaire has been redeveloped to reduce the reporting effort of jurisdictions, focusing on the most important data points for climate action. The number of questions has been reduced by over 60% from previous years. The significant changes made to the questionnaire are also reflected in the scoring methodology.
The new questionnaire is aligned to a global network of initiatives such as the Race to Zero, Race to Resilience, ICLEI initiatives and EU Climate Pact. By reporting to CDP-ICLEI Track jurisdictions fulfil their commitments as part of these initiatives. The questionnaire is also aligned to the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). By reporting to CDP-ICLEI Track, this can help jurisdictions attract climate finance and allow projects to be climate finance ready for investors.
Three questionnaire pathways have been introduced to reflect the different contexts of local governments and to streamline reporting. This enables reporting to a core set of questions for all jurisdictions and additional questions only where relevant and valuable. (Note C40 cities are presented a standardized questionnaire therefore questionnaire pathways are not applicable to C40 cities).
In 2022 the scoring methodology will only assess questions in Pathway 1. These include the data points requested by all jurisdictions and therefore, all jurisdictions will be scored on the same data points and with the same scoring criteria. Any additional data points/questions presented in Pathway 2 or 3, or any project-specific data points/questions will not be scored.
The 2022 CDP Score will therefore reflect action on the core questions on climate change mitigation and adaptation in the areas of governance, assessment, planning and actions with some detail on sector metrics.
Increasing ambition
CDP Scoring has raised the bar on the 2022 Scoring Methodology to align with the imperative to limit global warming to 1.5˚C above pre-industrial levels to avoid the most devastating impacts of climate change (IPCC, 2022). This means that criteria across all the scoring bands have been tightened to highlight the increased climate action needed to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement.
Some key changes to the new scoring methodology include the need to report actions that demonstrate progress towards the jurisdiction’s most ambitious target based on the total emission reductions, a move towards science-based targets, incentivizing jurisdictions to have modal share targets, and more emphasis on adaptation actions and goals.
Scoring bands and thresholds
Jurisdictions are assessed across four scoring bands which represent the steps jurisdictions move through as they progress towards climate leadership. The bands are:
- Disclosure (D- or D): A jurisdiction in the Disclosure scoring band has just started the journey of understanding and reporting on climate impacts. These jurisdictions understand the value of collecting data to drive climate action but may not have structures or resources in place to obtain the necessary information. Jurisdictions in the Disclosure band report on the degree to which climate impacts and risks have been measured.
- Awareness (C- or C): A jurisdiction in the Awareness scoring band is in the process of assessing the main risks and impacts of climate change. These jurisdictions have begun developing an assessment and measuring impacts to get a holistic understanding of the main effects climate change has on their jurisdiction and are beginning to take action to reduce them.
- Management (B- or B): A jurisdiction in the Management band has managed to gather data on the main risks and impacts of climate change and is taking action to adapt to and reduce these effects. These jurisdictions have worked collaboratively with key stakeholders to understand their risks and impacts and now have plans in place to mitigate and/or adapt.
- Leadership (A- or A): A Leadership jurisdiction demonstrates best practice standards across adaptation and mitigation, has set ambitious goals and made progress towards achieving those goals. Jurisdictions in the Leadership band have strategic, holistic plans in place to ensure the actions they are taking will reduce climate impacts and vulnerabilities of the people, businesses, and organizations in their jurisdiction.
To progress from one level to the next, jurisdictions must pass the threshold at each scoring band. For example, a jurisdiction must receive enough points in the Disclosure band to pass the threshold before they will be scored in the next scoring band - Awareness. Jurisdictions do not need to meet every criterion listed to pass the threshold of a particular scoring band. However, the more criteria they meet, the higher the chance that the jurisdiction will be able to earn enough points to surpass the threshold and be scored in the following band.
Essential criteria
Awareness, Management and Leadership bands have essential criteria which must be met to receive a score within those bands. For example, regardless of whether all other criteria are met:
- To achieve an Awareness score, Awareness essential criteria must be met;
- To achieve a Management score, Awareness and Management essential criteria must be met;
- To achieve a Leadership score, Awareness, Management and Leadership essential criteria must be met;
- To achieve an A score, Awareness, Management, Leadership and the additional A List essential criteria must be met.
Jurisdictions should ensure that they have attached all essential criteria documents before submitting their response to the 2022 questionnaire to receive a score which truly reflects their planning and actions.
Essential criteria for 2022
Awareness essential criteria
To score at least a C- or C, jurisdictions must:
- Report a climate hazard in question 1.2
Management essential criteria
To score at least a B- or B, jurisdictions must:
- At least be intending to undertake a climate risk and vulnerability assessment in the next two years in question 1.1
- Have a community-wide inventory and attach or provide a weblink to their inventory in question 2.1a
- Have either an integrated climate plan OR a standalone mitigation plan OR a standalone adaptation plan and attach or provide a weblink to the plan in question 7.1a
Leadership essential criteria
To score at least an A-, jurisdictions must:
- Have a climate risk and vulnerability assessment and attach or provide a weblink to the assessment in question 1.1a
- Have a fully reported adaptation goal in question 4.1a
- Fully reported means: adaptation goal, climate hazard that goal addresses, target year of goal are all complete and target year of goal is in the future.
- Have a fully reported emissions reduction target in question 5.1a
If the target type is Base year emissions (absolute); Base year intensity; or Baseline scenario:
- Fully reported means: target type, boundary of target relative to jurisdiction boundary, are carbon credits currently used or planned to be used to achieve this target, base year, target year, percentage of emissions reduction, and net emissions in target year are all complete and target year is in the future and boundary of the target relative to the jurisdiction boundary must be “same” or “larger”.
If the target type is Fixed-level:
- Fully reported means: target type, boundary of target relative to jurisdiction boundary, are carbon credits currently used or planned to be used to achieve this target, target year, and net emissions in target year are all complete and target year is in the future and boundary of the target relative to the jurisdiction must be “same” or “larger”.
- Have either an integrated climate plan, OR a standalone mitigation plan AND a standalone adaptation plan and attach or provide a weblink to the plan in question 7.1a
A list essential criteria
To score an A, jurisdictions must:
- Demonstrate leadership in target setting by reporting targets aligned with the latest science on limiting the most harmful impacts of climate change. A science-based target should include both a long-term net-zero target (by 2050) and a mid-term target that is aligned with a fair share of limiting global warming to 1.5˚C. In 2022, cities need to report at least one of these two targets to score an A. In 2023, cities will be required to report both a long-term and mid-term science-based target to score an A.
- Submit their response publicly
Scores jurisdictions will receive in 2022
Jurisdictions who submit a response to the 2022 Cities Questionnaire before the scoring deadline will receive:
- One overall letter score indicating the overall level of climate disclosure and performance as assessed by the information provided in the response;
- One Adaptation letter score indicating the level of climate disclosure and performance as assessed by the information provided in the response to questions falling under Adaptation;
- One Mitigation letter score indicating the level of climate disclosure and performance as assessed by the information provided in the response to questions falling under Mitigation.
The table below specifies which sections of the questionnaire are assessed in either the Adaptation or Mitigation sub-score.
Section of the Questionnaire
|
Inclusion in Sub-scores
|
Demographic/Geographic Data
|
Both Adaptation & Mitigation
|
Climate Risk and Vulnerability
|
Adaptation
|
Emissions Inventory
|
Mitigation
|
Energy Data
|
Mitigation
|
Transport Data
|
Mitigation
|
Waste Data
|
Mitigation
|
Public Health Data
|
Adaptation
|
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
|
Adaptation
|
Food Data
|
Adaptation
|
Adaptation Goals
|
Adaptation
|
Mitigation Targets
|
Mitigation
|
Sector Targets
|
Mitigation
|
Climate Action Planning
|
Both Adaptation & Mitigation
|
Finance
|
Both Adaptation & Mitigation
|
Adaptation Actions
|
Adaptation
|
Mitigation Actions
|
Mitigation
|
Cities 2022 High-Level Scoring Methodology
The high-level scoring methodology details the main actions which we expect of jurisdictions. Details are presented for each scoring band across each section scored in the 2022 questionnaire. To see the full version of the 2022 Cities Scoring Methodology, which details the point allocations for each question in the questionnaire, click here.
Scoring criteria - Demographic / Geographic Data
The question in this section is scored under both Adaptation and Mitigation
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have the data
Awareness
- Demonstrates an awareness of the percentage range of land area that is green space within the jurisdiction
Management
- The jurisdiction has at least 20% green space covering their land area
Leadership
- There is no additional assessment at Leadership level
Scoring criteria - Climate Risk and Vulnerability
The questions in this section are scored under Adaptation
Disclosure
- Reports on the status of a climate risk and vulnerability assessment
- If a climate risk and vulnerability assessment exists, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided
- Identifies any significant climate-related hazards
- If a significant climate hazard is identified, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided or where data is not available this has been specified
- Identifies any factors that affect the jurisdiction’s ability to adapt to climate change
- If factors have been identified, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided
Awareness
Reporting a climate hazard is an essential criteria for Awareness
- Has a climate risk and vulnerability assessment, or is planning to undertake one within the next two years
- If a climate risk and vulnerability assessment exists, demonstrates an awareness of the factors covered by the assessment and the boundary of the assessment
- Demonstrates awareness of the vulnerable populations exposed to the identified significant climate hazards
- Identifies sectors which are most exposed to the climate hazards facing the jurisdiction
- Reports the factors that affect the jurisdiction’s ability to adapt to climate change and whether these factors support or challenge the jurisdiction’s ability to adapt
Management
At least intending to undertake a climate risk and vulnerability assessment in the next two years is an essential criteria for Management
- Has a risk and vulnerability assessment that considers vulnerable populations
- Has established processes to update the assessment at least every five years, and to prioritize identified hazards
Leadership
Having a climate risk and vulnerability assessment is an essential criteria for Leadership
- Incorporates identified climate hazards into the overall risk management framework
- The climate risk and vulnerability assessment considers a high emissions scenario
- The climate risk and vulnerability assessment considers water security, nature or transition risks
- Provides a detailed description of the impacts the climate hazards have on vulnerable populations or sectors, and is aware of the proportion of the total jurisdiction population affected by the climate hazards
Scoring criteria - Emissions Inventory
The questions in this section are scored under Mitigation
Disclosure
- Reports on the status of a community-wide emissions inventory
- If an inventory exists, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided or where data is not available this has been specified
Awareness
- Has an emissions inventory from the past six years, or is planning to undertake one in the next two years
- If an inventory exists:
- It includes CO2 emissions and covers the jurisdiction boundary. If the inventory does not cover the jurisdiction boundary, an explanation is provided
- The tool and the source of Global Warming Potential values used to
develop the inventory are reported
- The
total scope 1 emissions, excluding the generation of grid-supplied energy, is
reported
Management
Having a community-wide emissions inventory is an essential criteria for Management
- Has a community-wide emissions inventory from the past five years which includes CO2, CH4 and N2O gases
- Reports the total scope 2 emissions
Leadership
- Has a community-wide emissions inventory from the past four years which includes the main Kyoto Protocol gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3)
- Uses the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007) or IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (2013) or IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (2021) as the source of Global Warming Potential values
- Reports the total scope 3 emissions
Scoring criteria - Energy Data
The question in this section is scored under Mitigation
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have data
Awareness
- Total source of electricity mix breakdown is reported as well as the scale of the data
Management
- The scale of the electricity mix data reported is either utility-level, regional/state level or jurisdiction-level data
- Electricity mix data is from 2019 or later
Leadership
- Current electricity mix is over 80% from renewables (does not include nuclear)
Scoring criteria - Transport Data
The question in this section is scored under Mitigation
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have data
Awareness
- Provides total mode share data for the jurisdiction
Management
- The percentage of passenger mode share by walking, cycling, micromobility, bus, rail/tram/metro, ferries/river boats, taxis/shared vehicles is at least 50%
Leadership
- The percentage of passenger mode share by walking, cycling, micromobility, bus, rail/tram/metro, ferries/river boats, taxis/shared vehicles is at least 60%
Scoring criteria - Waste Data
The question in this section is scored under Mitigation
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have the data
Awareness
- There is no additional assessment at Awareness level
Management
- There is no additional assessment at Management level
Leadership
- There is no additional assessment at Leadership level
Scoring criteria - Public Health, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Data
The questions in this section are scored under Adaptation
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have the data
Awareness
- There is no additional assessment at Awareness level
Management
- There is no additional assessment at Management level
Leadership
- There is no additional assessment at Leadership level
Scoring criteria - Food Data
The question in this section is scored under Adaptation
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have the data
Awareness
- There is no additional assessment at Awareness level
Management
- There is no additional assessment at Management level
Leadership
- There is no additional assessment at Leadership level
Scoring criteria - Adaptation Goals
The questions in this section are scored under Adaptation
Disclosure
- Reports on the status of any adaptation goals
- If a goal exists, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided
Awareness
- Has an adaptation goal, or is planning to introduce a goal in the next two years
- If a goal exists, reports the base and target years and the climate hazard that the goal addresses
Management
- Reports at least one active adaptation goal
Leadership
Having an adaptation goal is an essential criteria for Leadership
- Has at least three goals broken down by the specific climate hazards they address
- Has short-medium term and long-term goals
- Describes how the jurisdiction uses metrics or indicators to track progress against their adaptation goals
Scoring criteria - Mitigation Targets
The questions in this section are scored under Mitigation
Disclosure
- Reports on the status of any mitigation targets
- If a target exists, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided or where data is not available this has been specified
Awareness
- Reports the base year (if applicable), the year the target was established and the target year correctly
- The target covers at least the same boundary as the jurisdiction. If the target does not cover the jurisdiction boundary, an explanation is provided
- The target covers more emissions sources than only energy, only transport, or only waste
- If carbon credits are used, demonstrates awareness of the type of carbon credit and the verification standard
- Jurisdiction is intending to set a science-based target in the next two years
- Demonstrates awareness on whether the target is aligned with the Nationally Determined Contribution
- Demonstrates awareness on any conditional components of the target
Management
- Reports a mid-term target (2022 – 2031) if the jurisdiction has an ambitious long-term target and the target covers more emissions sources than only energy, only transport, or only waste
- If carbon credits are used to achieve this target, demonstrates awareness of the number of carbon credits required
- Reports that the target is considered science based, and if known specifies which methodology it aligns to
- The target is at least as ambitious as the Nationally Determined Contribution
Leadership
Having a fully reported mitigation target is an essential criteria for Leadership.
Having either a long-term net-zero target (by 2050) or a mid-term target that is aligned with a fair share of limiting global warning to 1.5˚C is an essential criteria for the A list. Guidance on science-based targets can be found here.
- To earn Leadership points the jurisdiction reports both a long-term net-zero target (by 2050) and a mid-term target that is aligned with a fair share of limiting global warming to 1.5˚C
Scoring criteria - Sector Targets
The question in this section is scored under Mitigation
Disclosure
- Provides any details of climate-related targets or specifies that they do not have any targets
Awareness
- Reports the base year (if applicable), the year the target was established and the target year correctly
- The target covers at least the same boundary as the jurisdiction. If the target does not cover the jurisdiction boundary, an explanation is provided
- Demonstrates awareness of how the target will be measured, and whether the target is publicly available
Management
- The target covers at least the same boundary as the jurisdiction and is publicly available
Leadership
- An ambitious renewable energy target has been reported (unless >70% renewable electricity consumption has been reported in question 3.1)
- Reports a modal share transport target
Scoring criteria - Climate Action Planning
The questions in this section are scored under both Adaptation and Mitigation
Disclosure
- Reports on the status of a climate action plan or strategy
- If a climate action plan or strategy exists, any details available to the jurisdiction are provided
Awareness
Note: maximum points are available for jurisdictions with an “integrated climate plan” or jurisdictions with a “standalone mitigation plan” AND a “standalone adaptation plan”
- Has a climate action plan or strategy, or is planning to undertake one in the next two years
- If a climate action plan or strategy exists:
- The plan covers at least the same boundary as the jurisdiction. If the plan does not cover the jurisdiction boundary, an explanation is provided
- Demonstrates that stakeholders were engaged in the process of developing the plan
- Reports the processes for either monitoring, evaluation, or updates
- Identifies funding sources which were used to finance the plan or strategy
Management
Having an Adaptation Plan OR an Action plan is an essential criteria for Management
Note: maximum points are available for jurisdictions with an “integrated climate plan” or jurisdictions with a “standalone mitigation plan” AND a “standalone adaptation plan”
- Engages vulnerable populations among other stakeholders during the development of the plan
- The plan is updated and evaluated at least every five years, and information on the progress of the plan is publicly reported at least every five years
Leadership
Having an Adaptation Plan AND an Action Plan is an essential criteria for Leadership
Note: maximum points are available for jurisdictions with an “integrated climate plan” or jurisdictions with a “standalone mitigation plan” AND a “standalone adaptation plan”
- Engages multiple stakeholders including vulnerable populations, citizens, businesses and private sector, and governments during the development of the plan
- The plan is updated and evaluated at least every three years, and information on the progress of the plan is publicly reported at least every three years
Scoring criteria - Finance
The question in this section is scored under both Adaptation and Mitigation. This question supports participation in CDP's Matchmaker program
Disclosure
- Provides any details available to the jurisdiction or specifies where they do not have the data
Awareness
- This section is not scored at Awareness
Management
- This section is not scored at Management
Leadership
- This section is not scored at Leadership