The aim of this online guidance is to assist all states and regions completing the CDP States and Regions 2021 Questionnaire. The online guidance provides a high-level overview of each questionnaire section as well as further information and guidance on each question. This online guidance also provides examples of good responses for selected questions.
States and Regions are asked to respond to the questionnaire using CDP's disclosure platform. The disclosure platform consists of the States and Regions Dashboard and the Online Response System (ORS).
Please note, you must submit your response in the ORS, CDP cannot accept responses provided in other formats (i.e. PDF or Word documents).
At the start of the disclosure year CDP will send an invitation email to nominated contacts associated to your region with relevant information and an activation link to access the dashboard and ORS.
Should you need any further support with answering the questions or using CDP’s platform, please contact CDP by e-mail on [email protected] or by phone on +44 (0) 203 818 3908. Office hours are 09:00 – 17:30 GMT/BST, Monday to Friday.
CDP believes that subnational governments play a vital role in driving climate action and delivering sustainable economies. To limit global warming to 2 degrees, it is imperative that states and regions set ambitious climate targets and drive global standards of climate leadership. CDP provides a global platform for subnational governments to measure, manage and disclose their environmental impacts. CDP's States and Regions program aims to use annual reporting to promote transparency and increase climate action, ambition and accountability of these governments. The program works with over 120 states and regions from 35 countries, representing US $17 trillion - 20% of the global economy, with a combined population of 669 million people.
The 2021 questionnaire is composed of a series of sections to capture a holistic understanding of subnational environmental action. Each section asks questions about an aspect of your region including: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, risks and opportunities from climate change, strategies for mitigating emissions, and strategies for adapting to changes in the climate.
The information generated from this questionnaire will assist in improving the understanding of state and regional GHG emissions. It provides a framework for the development/enhancement of GHG inventories ensuring that emissions are reported in a meaningful way. It can highlight potential risks and opportunities arising from climate change, promote consideration of adaptation and resilience building activities and facilitate target setting. Through our disclosure platform, data and tools, we will support state and regional government reduce emissions, avoid deforestation, deliver water security and build resilience to climate change.
Encouraging state and regional governments to disclose their environmental information through CDP’s States and Regions Questionnaire provides the foundation to achieve this mission.
CDP would like to thank its partners on the States and Regions program for their assistance in the development of this online guidance:
The Climate Group
For their support on providing definitions, additional information and best practices on the following topics:
Regions4
For reviewing the guidance information and providing feedback on the following topics:
The data collected from this information request is used for analysis and research by CDP and its partners, and supports the following initiatives:
RegionsAdapt
Regions4 is a global network that represents solely regional governments (states, regions, and provinces) before UN processes, European Union initiatives and global discussions in the field of sustainable development. Through advocacy, cooperation, and capacity building, Regions4 empowers regional governments to accelerate global action to halt biodiversity loss, raise ambition towards climate change adaptation and achieve the sustainable development goals and the 2030 Agenda.
The RegionsAdapt initiative, launched at COP21 in Paris, is the first global initiative that supports the acceleration of climate adaptation by subnational governments. With over 70 signatory regions, the RegionsAdapt aims to inspire and support regional governments to take concrete action, collaborate and report on climate adaptation. By joining the initiative, regions commit to report on the progress of their adaptation actions and goals on an annual basis. Regions4 is the network that supports the initiative through its Secretariat and by involving members from the five continents.
For more information, please visit www.regions4.org #RegionsAdapt #RegionsVoice
New York Declaration on Forests
For further information on the NYDF Progress Assessment visit: https://forestdeclaration.org/about/about-assessme...
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Profile | Details |
---|---|
Government name |
Text field |
Country |
Text field |
Currency |
Select from Appendix A |
Leader title (e.g. Governor, Premier…) |
Text field |
Leader name |
Text field |
This is a table question, which asks for details for your region’s general profile. The table has the following fields:
No change
Please complete the following table:
Region's current population | Region's current population year (2011-2021) | Region's population in year 2010 | Region's medium-term projected population |
---|---|---|---|
Numerical field |
Select from: 2011-2021 |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Region's medium-term projected population year (20212-2030) | Region's long-term projected population | Region's long-term projected population year (2031-2050) | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
Select from: 2022-2030 | Numerical field | Select from: 2031-2050 | Text field |
This is a table question, which asks about your region’s current population size, its historical population (in year 2010) and how it is forecast to change in the future. Please ensure that the population figure is entered in a full format i.e. if your regions population is 1.87 million then you will enter 1870000. This question assists CDP in understanding the demographic changes that have occurred in a region in the past and what the projections are for the region towards 2050. Should you not have this information available, please provide a comment on this in the comments text field. The table has the following fields:
No change
Please complete the following table:
Region's current GDP | Region's current GDP year (2011-2021) | Region's GDP in year 2010 | Region's medium-term projected GDP |
---|---|---|---|
Numerical field |
Select from: 2011-2021 |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Region's medium-term projected GDP year (2022-2030) | Region's long-term projected GDP | Region's long-term projected GDP year (2031-2050) | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
Select from: 2022-2030 | Numerical field | Select from: 2031-2050 | Text field |
This question assists CDP in understanding the economic changes that have occurred in a region in the past and what the projections are for the region towards 2050. It is preferred that you report your regions real GDP, however if you are reporting nominal GDP then please state this in the comments text field. Should you not have GDP information available, please provide a comment on this in the comments text field. The table has the following fields:
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices is the expenditure on final goods and services minus imports: final consumption expenditures, gross capital formation, and exports less imports. "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings, and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. The products refer to final goods and services, that is, those that are purchased, imputed, or otherwise, as: final consumption of households, non-profit institutions serving households and government; fixed assets; and exports (minus imports). For more information see the definitions developed by the OECD.
New question
Please complete the following table:
Impact of COVID-19 on climate action in your region | Comment |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
New question
Please complete the following table:
Impact of COVID-19 economic response on city’s budget for financing climate action in your region | COVID-19 recovery interventions and climate action synergies | Explanation |
---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select all that apply:
|
Text field |
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the "Add Row" button at the bottom of the table.
Climate-related actions are integrated in master planning | Sectors that integrate climate-related actions |
Actions integrated | Please explain |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select all that apply:
|
Select all that apply:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
This question aims to identify whether your region is considering climate adaptation and mitigation measures in your regions master planning. Mainstreaming climate change - ensuring that it is reflected in and integrated into broader sectoral policy making, is an important process to ensure an all of government approach to climate action.
This is a table question with the following fields:
Mainstreaming: Mainstreaming generally means ensuring that a particular issue is constantly taken into account, reflected in and integrated into broader decision making processes and activities, essentially with the result that this issue becomes broadly accepted and is viewed as a normal aspect impacting processes and activities (The Climate Policy Info Hub).
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Collaborate with local governments | Action area | Type of collaboration | Please explain |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
| Select all that apply:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
This is a table question with the following fields:
This question allows you to report on multiple actions by adding an additional row.
Basque Country’s multilevel governance for climate action
The Basque Country is a great example of how a subnational government can lead sustainable development and support low carbon and resilient climate actions locally, while also engaging and profiling its action at European and international level. The Basque Country has been able to support, through long-term cooperation, its own local governments to commit and reach ambitious targets, and to implement sustainable plans, while showcasing internationally how regional commitments can impact global climate action. The Basque Government works closely and supports the Basque network of Municipalities for Sustainability (Udalsarea21), which supports directly municipalities in the territory, setting up a very successful example of multi-level partnership and effective institutional coordination. Udalsarea21 coordinates the Basque Country Local Sustainability Observatory, and to monitor effectively the implementation of the over 25,000 actions at local level, has developed the MUGI21 application. In addition, this application provides municipalities with the opportunity to extract data and gain a better overview of their local process and the effectiveness of their Local Action Plan.
Reference: European Union and the Committee of the Regions (2017), An overview of regions and cities with-in the global climate change process - a perspective for the future. Available at: https://cor.europa.eu/en/engage/studies/Documents/overview-LRA-global-climate-change-process.pdf
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Collaborate with national governments | Action area | Type of collaboration | Please explain |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
| Select all that apply:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
The aim of this question is to identify examples of multilevel governance of climate actions focusing on national and subnational government levels. National governments often depend on subnational governments to deliver climate action through directly implementing policies. Subnational governments can strengthen and reinforce national policies to help reach higher ambitions, for example, through addressing market failures not dealt with by national policy or increasing policy stringency in subnational delivery; subnational governments are often best placed to identify local needs and benefits and to exploit synergies across investment priorities through mobilizing local resources and coordinating between individuals, institutions and sectors that are crucial to mitigation action (Reference: Low Emissions Development Strategies (LEDS) Global Partnership Working Group on Sub-national Integration). The role of regional governments in meeting national climate targets is further emphasized by the Paris Agreement, which illustrated the importance of ‘non-Party stakeholders’ (which includes states and regions) in securing the Agreement’s objectives to keep the global temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius (Reference: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris Agreement, December 2015).
This is a table question with the following fields:
This question allows you to report on multiple actions by adding an additional row.
The Paris Climate Package and the reference to subnational governments
The Paris Climate Package includes both the Paris Agreement and the COP21 decisions on implementation, and it explicitly recognizes and engages local and sub-national governments in climate action. Paragraph 15 of the preamble of the Paris Agreement recognizes the importance of the engagements of all levels of government and various actors. Paragraph 15 of the preamble of the COP21 Decision that supports the Paris Agreement also agrees to uphold and promote regional and international cooperation in order to mobilize stronger and more ambitious climate action by all Parties and non-Party stakeholders, including civil society, the private sector, financial institutions, cities and other sub-national authorities, local communities and indigenous peoples.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Collaborate with businesses | Action area | Business sectors | Type of collaboration | Please explain |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select all that apply:
|
Select all that apply:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
Please note, you are only requested to report the most significant collaborative actions with businesses that contribute towards meeting your regions environmental-related targets, goals and/or strategies. This is a table question with the following fields:
This question allows you to report on multiple goals, targets and/or strategies by adding an additional row.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Impact | Anticipated timescale | Estimated magnitude of impact | Estimated probability of impact | Impact description | Actions taken to manage risk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
| Select from:
|
Text field |
Text field |
[Add Row]
The first field describes a number of possible social risks of climate change, which can be selected from the drop-down menu. Additional entries can be made in the question, using the "Add row" button at the base of the question. This table has the following fields:
Current - If your region is already experiencing the identified effect from climate change.
Short term - if you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect from climate change by 2025.
Medium term - If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect from climate change between 2026 and 2050.
Long term - If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect from climate change after 2051.
Extremely serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change poses the highest level of potential concern to your region. For example, you might choose this option if you expect large storms to have a significant impact on your region within a short time period.
Serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change poses a significant level of concern to your region. For example, you might choose this option if you expect large storms to have a significant impact on your region within a medium time frame.
Less serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change will have a lower impact within a longer timescale.
Other, please specify - Please specify the level of risk associated with the socio-economic risk selected.
Impact | Anticipated timescale | Estimated magnitude of impact | Estimated probability of impact | Impact description | Action taken to manage risk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Increased risk to already vulnerable populations |
Medium term |
Serious | High |
With longer heat events, at-risk populations that have limited access to cooling centers or do not have air-conditioning units within their place of residence are more susceptible to facing heat-related illnesses or death |
A heat-health watch alert system has been enforced, which will trigger response from the government and public health system to communicate risks and cost-effective preventative measures during heat wave events. |
Increased conflict and/or crime |
Short term |
Less serious | Medium |
In addition, loss of power after extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, can mean higher incidence of crime (e.g. looting and theft) |
The region has implemented neighbourhood watch schemes across different municipalities to ensure that crime is prevented. |
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Opportunities | Please explain |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
This question invites you to detail the opportunities for your region due to addressing climate change, and asks you to describe how your region is seizing them. Please select as many options that apply to your region from the drop-down list. The table has the following fields:
This question allows you to report on multiple opportunities by adding an additional row.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Project area | Status of project | Status of financing | Project description | Total cost of project in the currency reported in question 1.1 | Total investment cost needed in the currency reported in question 1.1 (if relevant) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Text field |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
[Add Row]
The goal of this question is to understand what climate-change related projects your region is currently seeking external financing for from public or private institutions. These may be projects relating to renewable energy, sustainable transport, building or energy efficiency, waste or other climate-related areas. Use the table in this question to list the different projects your region is looking to attract financing for – you can add multiple projects by clicking “Add row”. If your region is not currently seeking financing on any relevant projects, please select “No relevant projects” in the Project Area field. The table has the following fields:
Scoping – If your region is in the process of developing a project plan, this is also known as the identification phase.
Pre-feasibility study – If your region is researching the feasibility of the project plan, this is known as the evaluation phase.
Pre-implementation – If your region has developed a project plan but not begun implementation, this is also known as the feasibility or definition phase.
Implementation – If the project has started implementation (execution).
Operation – If the project is in full operation.
Complete – If the project is complete.
Measurement and reporting – If the project is complete and results are being measured.
Project not funded and seeking partial funding – If the project is not funded and your region is seeking financing for part of the project. If your project is in this status, please use the Total investment cost needed (if relevant) field in the table to indicate the amount of finance being sought.
Project not funded and seeking full funding – If the project is not funded and seeking financing for the whole project. If your project is in this status, please indicate how much finance is being sought in the Total investment cost needed (if relevant) field of the table.
Project partially funded and seeking additional funding – If the project is partially financed, but your state/region is still seeking additional finance. If your project is in the status, please indicate how much finance has already been received and how much additional finance is being sought.
Project fully funded – If the project is fully financed, but your state/region is still seeking additional finance. If your project is in the status, please indicate how much finance has already been received and how much additional finance is being sought.
Other – Please use this option if there is a different status that best describes your region’s project(s).
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
No change
Select one of the following options:
This question asks states and regions whether they have a region-wide emissions inventory to report. By selecting “Yes”, you are indicating that you have region-wide GHG emissions data from the entire region over which the regional government can exercise a degree of influence through the policies and regulations they implement to report at this time. This question allows states and regions to select “No” as a response to this question. This directs them to question 3.13, which invites them to explain the reasoning behind their response. States and regions that responded with “No” will only see this question, while those that have selected “Yes” will see additional questions designed to ask states and regions specific details regarding their region-wide emissions inventory.
Capturing region-wide emissions – often referred to as the “territorial” emissions inventory – creates a snapshot of all the region-wide activities and their contribution to global climate change. Collating region-wide emissions can provide a basis from which regions can develop policy and enact regulation with the aim of reducing these emissions. This distinction and imperative to capture data for both government operations emissions and the wider region represent the greatest difference between appropriate region-specific protocols and corporate emissions disclosing protocols.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Please complete the following table:
From | To | Year of publication |
---|---|---|
Drop-down calendar |
Drop-down calendar | Select from: Drop-down list: 1990 – 2021 |
The reporting platform provides a drop-down calendar for you to enter the dates requested. Entries must be for a 12-month period. Please provide the start and end dates of the period covered by your emissions inventory. Please ensure that this is the year covered by the emissions inventory and not the year of publication or the year when the assessment was made. If you do not have data for the entire 12-month period or if your inventory covers multiple years, please extrapolate to 12 months. This 12-month period should align with the inventory period reported in 3.6. If the period your enter is not a 12-month period you will receive an error message in the reporting platform and will be unable to submit your response. In the column ‘Year of publication’ please select from the drop-down list provided the year in which the region-wide emissions inventory was published.
It is good practice to use a calendar year for reporting emissions and removals. The IPCC provides Approaches to Data Collection, on how to proceed when data for the calendar year reporting are not available or not considered suitable.
From | To | Year of publication |
---|---|---|
01/01/2015 |
31/12/2015 | 2016 |
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Select one of the following options:
In your answer, please choose from the list of options provided. Examples of approaches that might be used by your region other than its geopolitical boundary in the US for instance include county or regional GHG accounting. Circumstances where this might be undertaken include where your region’s geopolitical boundary is small relative to the total population, economic activity and land area that are symbiotic with a particular urban center of the region. If you select "Other, please specify", you will be given the opportunity to enter the relevant boundary in the text field. You can use the comment box to outline if the boundary of the emissions inventory does or does not match with the administrative boundary of the reporting entity. If it does not, then please specify the exclusions and/or additions to the administrative boundary.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Primary protocol | Please explain | Inventory quality control measures |
---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
Text field |
In CDP’s reporting platform, you will see a list of methodologies developed by third parties. Please select the primary methodology that you followed in measuring greenhouse gas emissions for your region. If you do not see your chosen methodology reflected in the list please select “Other, please specify” and describe your methodology. We recognize that many regions follow multiple protocols in creating their inventories; if this is the case for your region, please choose the protocol that is best described as your “primary” protocol. The explanation field is incorporated in this question to allow states and regions to briefly explain how the selected protocol is used and any additional protocols and processes use for the collection of data and development of region-wide inventories. If your response to this question is “Other, please specify”, please provide enough information to make clear issues such as boundaries, data capture and accounting/calculation techniques, and decision-making criteria for which emissions to include.
Region-wide GHG emissions inventory protocols and methodologies
The options to choose from include:
These values are not meant to be exhaustive. If you have used a proprietary methodology or a third party methodology that you do not see listed here, please select “Other, please specify” and enter the name of the methodology in the text field provided.
Some of these measurement methodologies share general principles. Many of these principles are included in the WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol (and other similar methods) and the following is quoted directly from the ICLEI International Emissions Analysis Protocol:
Many methodologies also suggest similar best practices in measuring greenhouse gas emissions. Some of these suggestions are detailed here:
Inventory quality control measures
- Provide routine and consistent checks to ensure data integrity, correctness, and completeness;
- Identify and address errors and omissions;
- Document and archive inventory material and record all QC activities.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Select all that apply:
The list consists of the main greenhouse gases defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), as well as nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).
This question only appears if you select any gas in response to 3.5.
No change
This question asks states and regions if they can break down their emissions by greenhouse gas type, as greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide are significant and relevant. This question allows states and regions to select "No" as a response to this question. Those that have selected "Yes" will see an additional question where states and regions will be requested to break down their emissions in CO2-equivalents (CO2e) by greenhouse gas type.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.5a.
No change
Greenhouse gas | Total gross emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Global Warming Potential reference (select relevant IPCC Assessment Report) |
---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Numerical field | Select from:
|
[Add row]
Because greenhouse gases are often only reported in CO2-equivalents, their contribution to overall emissions are sometimes masked. UNFCCC Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) are used to estimate, compare, and aggregate the relative climate effects of various greenhouse gases (GHGs). They are a measure of the relative radiative effect of a given substance compared to another, integrated over a chosen time horizon.
- Carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Methane (CH4)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O)
- Hydrofluorocarbon family of gases (HFCs)
- Perfluorocarbon family of gases (PFCs)
- Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
- Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) has been included in the basket of mandated GHGs as it is considered a potent contributor to climate change and is therefore mandated to be included in national inventories under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
- While only the above-named seven gases are requested, you may enter others if you wish by selecting the "Other, please specify" option from the drop-down menu in column 1 and entering the name of the gas.
Global Warming Potential (GWP): The intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)'s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) defines the Global Warming Potential (GWP) as “an index, based on radiative properties of greenhouse gases, measuring the radiative forcing following a pulse emission of a unit mass of a given greenhouse gas in the present-day atmosphere integrated over a chosen time horizon, relative to that of carbon dioxide. The GWP represents the combined effect of the differing times these gases remain in the atmosphere and their relative effectiveness in causing radiative forcing. The Kyoto Protocol is based on GWPs from pulse emissions over a 100-year time frame.” By using GWPs, GHG emissions from multiple gases can be standardized to a carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Emission types | Emissions of latest inventory (metric tonnes CO2e) | Comments |
---|---|---|
Total gross emissions (excludes sinks) |
Numerical field
|
Text field |
Total net emissions (includes sinks) |
Numerical field |
Text field |
This question allows you to enter the total gross and net region-wide GHG emissions for the reported year. Please note that if you enter a value for total net emissions that is higher than or equal to the value for total gross emission you will receive an error message and will not be able to submit your response. If your region does not calculate one of these types of total, please leave that row blank. The table has the following fields:
Total gross emissions (excludes sinks): Gross emissions are your total GHG emissions from before accounting for any emission reductions from sinks – forest carbon removals, vegetation, and soils. Gross emissions include emissions from the five main IPCC sectors – Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU), Waste and Other.
Total net emissions (includes sinks) – Net emissions include both emissions and removals from land-use change and forestry (LUCF) is the difference between the amount of carbon sequestered in sinks and the amount emitted by sources. The value for total net emissions should be lower than total gross emissions.
Emission types | Emissions of latest inventory (metric tonnes CO2e) | Comments |
---|---|---|
Total gross emissions (excludes sinks) |
404700000 |
Excluding sinks and fugitive emissions from natural gas distribution |
Total net emissions (includes sinks) |
404000000 |
This includes sinks from land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) |
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Select one of the following options:
The rationale for this question is to get insights on whether states and regions are tracking changes over time from their base year region-wide emissions. Base year emissions, under the Kyoto Protocol, are defined as the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the GHGs sources in a historical base year. It is essential that governments seek to continuously track progress against their targets and adjust their climate policies, incentives and actions accordingly. In order to maintain the momentum that was catalysed by the adoption and ratification of the Paris Agreement, governments must show that their targets are more than just aspirational by reducing their emissions to levels that are lower than their base year (historic reference). If you selected “Yes” as a response to this question, you will be directed to completing the table for question 3.7a.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.7.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Emissions type | Base year | Total emissions of base year inventory (metric tonnes CO2e) | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
Gross emissions (excludes sinks) | Numerical field |
Numerical field | Text field |
Net emissions (includes sinks) | Numerical field | Numerical field | Text field |
It is best practice as part of a robust accounting framework to track emissions over time comprehensively, and consistently from a given base year. Guidelines for defining and adjusting a base year can be found here (US Environment Protection Agency - Climate Leaders GHG Inventory Protocol). The table has the following fields:
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Change in emissions | Reason for change | Please epxlain |
---|---|---|
Select from:
|
See drop-down options below
|
Text field |
Reason for change drop-down options:
If “Increased” is selected:
If “Decreased” is selected:
If “This is our first year of calculation” is selected:
If “Stayed the same” is selected:
If “Do not know” is selected:
This is a table question with the following fields:
Change in emissions | Reason for change | Please explain |
---|---|---|
Decreased |
Policy change |
Last year we reported emissions from our last inventory calculated in 2017. This year we have updated our inventory and notice a decrease in our total emissions. We believe this change can be explained by our stringent policies, which we have implemented to reduce emissions. |
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Select one of the following options:
Please provide a “Yes” or “No” answer using the drop-down menu provided. If you answer “Yes” you will be directed to question 3.9a.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.9.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Scope | Metric tonnes CO2e | Comments |
---|---|---|
Scope 1 emissions excluding emissions from grid-supplied energy generation |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Scope 1 emissions from grid-supplied energy generation within the region’s boundary |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Total Scope 1 emissions (Row 1 + Row 2) |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Total Scope 2 emissions |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Total (Scope 1 + Scope 2) emissions |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Total Scope 3 emissions |
Numerical field |
Text field |
If you categorize your emissions by scope, please enter the appropriate figures for your Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions. Where values are not available, please use the comment field to indicate the reason why. This table question breaks down emissions into scope 1, 2 and scope 3. Scope 1 emissions are further split into emissions excluding grid-supplied energy generation and emissions exclusively from grid-supplied energy generation within your regional boundaries. The table has the following fields:
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Document title | Attachment | Level of confidence | Comment on level of confidence |
---|---|---|---|
Text field |
Attach your document here. |
Select from:
|
Text field |
This question allows states and regions to directly upload their emissions inventory. If you have an inventory you wish to upload, please complete the table used for this question.
High – Select high if your inventory has a high level of accuracy.
Medium – Select medium if your inventory has a medium level of accuracy.
Low – Select low if your inventory has a low level of accuracy.
This question only appears if you select "1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories" in response to 3.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
1996 IPCC sector | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
The purpose of this question is to understand the breakdown of your state/region’s emissions by sector, as defined by the 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. You are provided with a table in the reporting platform to structure your response. Using the “Add row” function in this table allows you to report your state/region’s emissions breakdown using multiple sectors and scopes.
1996 IPCC sector | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|
Energy |
475000 |
Industrial Processes |
100000 |
Solvents |
50000 |
Land use, Land use change and Forestry |
80000 |
Agriculture |
90000 |
Waste |
70000 |
Please ensure that when the emissions of each sector are aggregated the total figure is equal to the region-wide total gross or net emissions figure as reported in question 3.6.
This question only appears if you select "2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories" in response to 3.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
2006 IPCC sector | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
The purpose of this question is to understand the breakdown of your state/region’s emissions by sector, as defined by the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. You are provided with a table in the reporting platform to structure your response. Using the “Add row” function in this table allows you to report your state/region’s emissions breakdown using multiple sectors and scopes.
2006 IPCC sector | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|
Energy |
475000 |
Industrial Processes and Product Use |
100000 |
Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use |
80000 |
Waste |
90000 |
Other |
70000 |
Please ensure that when the emissions of each sector are aggregated the total figure is equal to the region-wide total gross or net emissions figure as reported in question 3.6.
This question only appears if you select "International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI)" in response to 3.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
UNFCCC sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
[Add Row]
The purpose of this question is to understand the breakdown of your state/region’s emissions by sector, as defined by the UNFCCC and used by International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI). You are provided with a table in the reporting platform to structure your response. Using the “Add row” function in this table allows you to report your state/region’s emissions breakdown using multiple sectors and scopes.
UNFCCC sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|---|
Stationary Energy |
Scope 1 |
475000 |
Transport |
Scope 2 |
35000 |
Fugitive Emissions |
Scope 1 |
20000 |
Industrial Processes |
Scope 1 |
100000 |
Agriculture |
Scope 1 |
80000 |
Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry |
Scope 1 |
90000 |
Solid Waste Disposal |
Scope 1 |
90000 |
Wastewater Treatment and Discharge |
Scope 1 |
30000 |
Please ensure that when the emissions of each sector are aggregated the total figure is equal to the region-wide total gross or net emissions figure as reported in question 3.6.
This question only appears if you select any other methodology in response to 3.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Source | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes of CO2e) |
---|---|---|
Text field |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
[Add Row]
The purpose of this question is to learn more about how your regional government breaks down emissions, which can be valuable information for comparative understanding between states and regions. Please note that this question is flexible to accommodate many of the different kinds of categories used by states and regions. You are provided with a table in the ORS to structure your response. Examples of how your state/region might characterize and differentiate emissions are listed below and shown below.
End user - Buildings, transport, water utilities, wastewater utilities, etc.
Economic sector - Commercial, residential, industrial, agricultural, freight and logistics, etc.
Other - Please describe if your state/region uses another classification approach (e.g. by geography or zone, by zoning or land use classification, etc.).
Source | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|---|
Buildings |
Scope 1 |
475000 |
Water |
Scope 1 |
10000 |
Transport |
Scope 1 |
10000 |
Stationary |
Scope 2 |
379000 |
Mobile |
Scope 2 |
18000 |
Railways |
Scope 2 |
350000 |
Please ensure that when the emissions of each end user, sector or other forms of emissions categorization are aggregated the total figure is equal to the region-wide total gross or net emissions figure as reported in question 3.6.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.1.
No change
Select one of the following options:
Regional governments may see value in having external verification or auditing of their emissions and emission reduction efforts. This can ensure higher levels of quality control/quality assurance. Externally verified information may also be required if performance metrics related to carbon emissions have been devised for government departments or department managers. The ability to call on verified data may provide government organizations a powerful tool in their efforts to influence policy or regulation at other levels of government or with other regional stakeholders. Please only state that you have had or are having verification/assurance carried out if it is by an independent third party accredited to perform verification of GHG data.
Select your response from the following options:
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 3.12.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Name of verifier | Year of verification | Comments |
---|---|---|
Text field |
Drop-down list: 2010 – 2021 |
Text field |
This question only applies if you have answered “Yes” to question 3.12. This question provides an opportunity to describe relevant information about the verification process. CDP regards verification as process undertaken by an independent third party accredited to perform verification/assurance of the GHG emissions data. Report any comments or relevant information you have on the verification process and what emissions have been included in the verification, for example if it is region-wide emissions or sector-specific emissions that have been verified. Activities using external data helps establish the reliability for the intended applications of the inventory. As a valuable element of the Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) system of the inventory management, there are different tools for verification published by the IPCC.
This question only appears if you select "No" in response to 3.1
No change
Please complete the following table
Reason | Please epxlain |
---|---|
Select from:
| Text field |
This is question only appears if you selected “No” to question 3.1. The aim of this question is to allow states and regions to give more details on why they do not have information to report regarding their region-wide emissions inventory by selecting an option from the drop-down options in the “Reasoning” field. States and regions can also provide more details and additional information to explain their choice in the “Please explain” field.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Region-wide electricity | Amount of electricity | Units | Associated GHG emissions (metric tonnes of CO2e) | Year data applies to | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Electricity consumed |
Numerical field |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Electricity produced |
Numerical field |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Electricity imported |
Numerical field |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Text field |
This question is your opportunity to detail the amount of electricity generated in your region, consumed by your region and imported by your region. Electricity generated refers to “in-state” generation. The associated GHG emissions are also asked for. The table has the following fields:
Region-wide electricity | Amount of electricity | Units | Associated GHG emissions (metric tonnes of CO2e) | Year data applies to | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Electricity consumed |
47974.80 |
GWh |
19093954 |
2019 |
Emissions are calculated by applying the National electricity emission factor for 2017 |
Electricity produced |
45355.20 |
GWh |
18051385 |
2019 |
Gross electricity production |
Electricity imported |
4689.60 |
GWh |
1866441 |
2019 |
Net electricity imports |
No change
Please complete the following table:
Energy source | Percentage |
---|---|
Coal |
Percentage field |
Gas |
Percentage field |
Oil |
Percentage field |
Nuclear |
Percentage field |
Biomass |
Percentage field |
Geothermal |
Percentage field |
Hydro |
Percentage field |
Solar |
Percentage field |
Wind |
Percentage field |
Other sources |
Percentage field |
Scale of energy mix data reported above | Select from:
|
Year data applies to | Numerical field |
The goal of this question is to get a better understanding of the current energy mix of your electricity grid and the contribution made by renewable technologies at the region-wide scale. In the energy source field we have listed the most common sources of energy. If other sources of energy are relevant for your region, please specify them in the comments field. Please indicate the percentage of each energy source constituting your energy mix, where it is applicable. If the energy source is not applicable to your electric grid please enter 0.
Please ensure that the total percentage entered adds up to 100.
Energy source | Percent |
---|---|
Coal |
20 |
Gas |
30 |
Oil |
0 |
Nuclear |
0 |
Biomass |
0 |
Geothermal |
0 |
Hydro |
40 |
Solar |
0 |
Wind |
10 |
Other sources |
0 |
Scale of energy mix data reported above | Region-wide energy mix reported |
Year data applies to | 2018 |
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
No change
Select one of the following options:
Please indicate whether your region has a climate change action plan by selecting “Yes”; “No”; “In progress”; “Intending to undertake in the next 2 years”; “Not intending to undertake”; or “Do not know” from the drop-down menu provided. If you select “Yes” you will be directed to question 4.1a. If you select “No”, “Not intending to undertake” or “Intending to undertake in the next 2 years” you will be directed to question 4.1b.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 4.1.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Publication title | Year of publication | Attachment | Web link | Stage of implementation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Text field |
Numerical field |
Attach your document here. |
Text field |
Select from:
|
If you selected “Yes” in question 4.1, you will be asked to complete this table question to provide additional details about your climate action plan. Please note that if you have multiple climate change action plans, you can provide their information by adding a row when responding to this question. The table has the following fields:
This question only appears if you select “No", "Not intending to undertake", or "Intending to undertake in the next 2 years" in response to 4.1.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Reason | Please explain |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
If you selected “No”, “Not intending to undertake”, or “Intending to undertake in the next 2 years” in question 4.1, you will be asked to complete this table question to explain the reasoning behind your response. The table has the following fields:
No change
Select all that apply:
“Region-wide” includes the entire geographic area of the region while “Government operations” focuses on targets applied solely to your government operations. If you want to report your emissions reduction targets in place for your government operations, please see question 4.3. Please note that:
Please select all the relevant types of emissions reductions target that are in place within your region. Depending on the type of target you select, individual tables will appear allowing you to provide additional information about each of those target types. If you currently do not have emissions reduction targets, please select “No target” and you will be directed to question 4.2e where you will be given the opportunity to explain the reason behind your response.
Best practice:
It is considered good practice to set ambitious climate targets that encompass all of Kyoto greenhouse gases – carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) – emitted by all IPCC sectors – Energy, Industry, Transport, Agriculture, Waste, and LULUCF.
Please make sure to reflect this in your response by specifying the sectors and gases covered by your total region-wide emissions in the comments field of the table for each type of target type selected. If you would like to report on your individual sector-specific emissions reduction targets, please select the sector in the sector field and specify the gases covered in the comments field.
This question only appears if you select “Base year emissions target” in response to 4.2.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Base year | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Numerical field | Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Percentage field |
Target year | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway (s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target | Please explain why your base year reported for this target is not the same as the base year reported in 3.7a. Only presented if different base years are reported |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Numerical field | Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field | Text field | Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your region-wide base year emissions reduction target. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. If you reported targets in last year's disclosure that are no longer active targets then please remove them from this year's response by clicking 'Delete' in the ORS on the inactive target. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field. Examples of short target summaries are presented below for total region-wide emissions and sectoral targets respectively.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total region-wide emissions” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your emissions target.
Web link of target: If there is additional information regarding your target on your regions website, then please provide the web link in this field.
NDC: You may describe how your region’s target compares to your national governments Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), describing for example if this target more ambitious than the NDC in terms of GHG emissions reduction and why.
Examples of target summaries
For additional information on base year emissions reduction targets, below are examples of targets that cover both total region-wide and individual sectors.
Sector | States and regions | Example | Minimum inventory needs |
---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
Quebec |
Reduce region-wide CO2e emissions by 37,5% by 2030 based on a 1990 baseline |
Inventory for 1990 and 2030 |
Total region-wide emissions |
Thuringia |
Reduce region-wide CO2e emissions by 70% by 2030 based on 1990 levels |
Inventory for 1990 and for 2030 |
Total region-wide emissions |
North Rhine-Westphalia |
Reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by at least 80 % by 2050 below 1990 levels |
Inventory for 1990 and 2050 |
Transport | New Caledonia | Reduce region-wide GHG emissions from the transport sector by 15% by 2030 based on 2014 levels | Inventory for 2014 and 2030 |
Energy | Alberta | Reduce CO2 emissions of the greenhouses for 45% by 2025 based on 2014 levels | Inventory for 2014 and 2025 |
Agriculture | Navarra | Reduce CO2 emissions of the greenhouses for 40% by 2030 based on 2005 levels | Inventory for 2005 and 2030 |
Sector | Base year | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target | Target year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
1990 | No |
250000000 |
100 |
2050 |
Industry |
1990 | No |
80000000 |
100 |
2050 |
Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target |
---|---|---|---|
Yes |
Yes |
Pathway developed using Energy PATHWAYS model. Three pathways developed for the regions energy system which focused on electrification, renewable energy and innovation. This work shows that the state can achieve deep emission reductions using a variety of technologies and approaches. |
Reduce region-wide emissions for all 2006 IPCC sectors by 100% based on 1990 levels. This target covers CO2, methane and HFCs. |
No |
No |
N/A |
Reduce region-wide emissions for the industry sector by 100% based on 1990 levels. This target covers CO2 and methane. |
This question only appears if you select “Base year intensity target" in response to 4.2.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Intensity unit (Emissions per) | Base year | Population/GDP/Intensity Metric in Base Year Dependent on intensity unit selected | Total base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e per denominator) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
| Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity | Target year | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target | Please explain why your base year reported for this target is not the same as the base year reported in 3.7a. Only presented if different base years are reported |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage field | Numerical field | Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field | Text field | Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your region-wide base year intensity target. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. If you reported targets in last year's disclosure that are no longer active targets then please remove them from this year's response by clicking 'Delete' in the ORS on the inactive target. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field. Examples of short target summaries are presented below for total region-wide emissions and sectoral targets respectively.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total region-wide emissions” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your emissions target.
Web link of target: If there is additional information regarding your target on your regions website, then please provide the web link in this field.
NDC: You may describe how your region’s target compares to your national governments Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), describing for example if this target more ambitious than the NDC in terms of GHG emissions reduction and why.
Examples of target summaries
For additional information on base year intensity targets, below are examples of targets that cover both total region-wide and individual sectors.
Sector | States and regions | Goal type | Example | Minimum inventory needs |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
Upper Austria |
Per emissions goal |
Reduce intensity of region-wide CO2e emissions by 70-90% by 2050 based on 2014 levels |
Inventory for 2014 and 2050 |
Total region-wide emissions |
Rio de Janeiro |
Per capita goal |
Reduce intensity of region-wide emissions to 0.13 tons CO2e by 2030 from 2005 levels |
Inventory for 2005 and 2030 |
Total region-wide emissions |
Gujarat |
Per emissions goal |
Reduce the emissions intensity of GHG by 33-35% by 2030 based on 2005 levels |
Inventory for 2005 and 2030 |
Transport | Rio de Janeiro | Other | In 2030, the state-wide transport GHG emissions shall be 30% lower than that of 2010. Emissions from this source increased 32.3% between 2010 and 2015 | Inventory for 2010 and 2030 |
Sector | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Intensity unit (Emissions per) | Base year | Population/GDP/Intensity Metric in Base Year Dependent on intensity unit selected |
Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e per denominator) | Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions | No |
Metric tonnes of CO2e per capita |
2002 | 1000000 | 2000000 |
2 | 15 |
Industry | No |
Metric tonnes of CO2e per capita |
2010 | 550570 | 550570 |
1 | 30 |
Target year | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? |
Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target |
---|---|---|---|---|
2050 |
Yes |
No | N/A |
The target is for a 15% reduction on per capita emissions from 2002 by 2050. This target covers all 2006 IPCC sectors and all Kyoto GHGs. |
2030 |
No |
Informal | The state is in the process of developing a pathway to achieve deep decarbonization of the energy system. We have taken the first step in analyzing the technical and economic feasibility in order to provide a basic vision for decarbonization for the state. |
The target ifs for a 30% reduction on per capita emissions from 2010 by 2050. This target covers all Kyoto GHGs. |
This question only appears if you select “Baseline scenario (business as usual) target” in response to 4.2.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Target year |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
| Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target from business as usual | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target | Please explain why your base year reported for this target is not the same as the base year reported in 3.7a. Only presented if different base years are reported |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Numerical field | Percentage field | Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field | Text field | Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your region-wide baseline scenario (business as usual) target. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. If you reported targets in last year's disclosure that are no longer active targets then please remove them from this year's response by clicking 'Delete' in the ORS on the inactive target.This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field. Examples of short target summaries are presented below for total region-wide emissions and sectoral targets respectively.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total region-wide emissions” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your emissions target.
Web link of target: If there is additional information regarding your target on your regions website, then please provide the web link in this field.
NDC: You may describe how your region’s target compares to your national governments Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), describing for example if this target more ambitious than the NDC in terms of GHG emissions reduction and why.
Examples of target summaries
For additional information on baseline scenario targets, below are examples of targets that cover both total region-wide and individual sectors.
Sector | States and regions | Example | Minimum inventory needs |
---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
Azores |
Reduce region-wide emissions by 38% in 2030 compared to business-as-usual (BUA) scenario. |
Inventory for 2014 (BUA) and 2030 |
Sector | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Target year | Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
No |
2005 |
740000000 |
2025 | 790000000 |
Transportation |
No |
2002 |
48000000 |
2030 | 38000000 |
Percentage reduction target from business as usual | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target |
---|---|---|---|---|
20 | Yes | Yes | The decarbonisation pathway that has been modelled for this target outlines that energy demand reductions are needed. In addition also required is investment in energy-efficient and low-carbon technologies. Passenger cars will need to be predominately electric. | Reduce region-wide emissions by 20% in 2025 compared to a BAU scenario. This target covers Energy, Transport and Industry sectors as well as all Kyoto GHGs. |
10 | No | No | N/A | Reduce region-wide emissions by 10% in 2030 compared to a BAU scenario for the Transport sector. This target only covers CO2. |
This question only appears if you select “Fixed level target” in response to 4.2.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Carbon neutrality target? | Target year | If 'No' selected in Carbon neutrality target: Target year absolute emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field | Numerical field |
If 'No' selected in Carbon neutrality target:Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field | Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your region-wide fixed level target. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. If you reported targets in last year's disclosure that are no longer active targets then please remove them from this year's response by clicking 'Delete' in the ORS on the inactive target. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field. Examples of short target summaries are presented below for total region-wide emissions and sectoral targets respectively.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total region-wide emissions” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your emissions target.
Web link of target: If there is additional information regarding your target on your regions website, then please provide the web link in this field.
NDC: You may describe how your region’s target compares to your national governments Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), describing for example if this target more ambitious than the NDC in terms of GHG emissions reduction and why.
Examples of target summaries
For additional information on baseline scenario targets, below are examples of targets that cover both total region-wide and individual sectors.
Sector | States and regions | Example | Minimum inventory needs |
---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
Galicia |
Reduce GHG emissions to achieve zero net emissions by 2050 |
Inventory for 2050 |
Total region-wide emissions |
Washington |
Aim to reduce emissions to 1990 levels by 2050 |
Inventory for 1990 and 2050 |
Total region-wide emissions |
Bavaria |
Reduce GHG emissions to under 4 tonnes of CO2e per capita by 2030 |
Inventory for 2030 |
Sector | Carbon neutrality target? | Target year | Does this target account for carbon sinks? | Does this target align with a 1.5-2°C trajectory? | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Pathway summary | Please describe the target |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total region-wide emissions |
Yes |
2050 | No | Yes |
No | N/A |
To reduce state-wide CO2-e emissions to net zero by 2050 and covers all 2006 IPCC sectors as well as all Kyoto GHGs |
Energy |
Yes |
2040 | No | Yes |
Yes | The decarbonisation pathway modelled incorporates energy efficiency and low-carbon technology and infrastructure, including low-carbon electricity which is primarily provided by solar and wind resources, while natural gas generation continues to provide energy when solar and wind are not available until the year 2040 when energy storage is expected to contribute in meeting demand during these periods. |
No emissions from energy generation by 2040. This target covers only CO2 emissions. |
This question only appears if you select “No target” in response to 4.2.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Reason | Please explain |
---|---|
Select from
|
Text field |
Please give more details on why you do not have a region-wide target by selecting the most suitable option from the drop-down options provided in the “Reason” field and give an explanation in the context of your region. Select “Other, please specify” if you have a different reason that best explains your region’s lack of emissions reduction target and specify it in the text field provided.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Scenario | Region’s total emissions in year 2010 | Region's total medium-term projected emissions | Region’s medium-term projected emissions year (2021-2030) | Region’s total long-term projected emissions | Region's long-term projected emissions year (2031-2050) | Emission type of historical and projected emissions reported | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reported Policies Scenario (effect of reported policies and targets are included) |
Numerical field | Numerical field |
Select from: 2021-2030 Default value is 2030 |
Numerical field | Select from: 2031-2050 Default value is 2050 | Select from:
|
Text field |
BAU Scenario (effect of reported policies and targets are excluded) | Numerical field | Numerical field | Select from: 2021-2030 Default value is 2030 |
Numerical field | Select from: 2031-2050 Default value is 2050 | Select from:
|
Text field |
This question asks states and regions to report their historical emissions and future projected region-wide emissions. The information reported for this question will help better understand how a state/region’s region-wide emissions will change over time.
The projections for the Reported Policies Scenario should include the impact of the reported emission reduction policies and targets in your response. For example, if your region has reported a net-zero emission target for the year 2050 then for the Reported Policies Scenario you will report 0 in the field "Region's total long-term projected emissions", 2050 in the field "Region's long-term projected population year" and Net emissions in the field "Emission type of projected emissions". The projections for the BAU (business as usual) Scenario do not include the impact of the reported emission policies and targets in your response and can be considered a business as usual scenario.
No change
Select all that apply:
Please select all the relevant types of emissions reductions target that are in place for your government’s operations. Depending on the type of target you select, individual tables will appear allowing you to provide additional information about each of those target types.
Best practice:
It is considered good practice to set ambitious climate targets that encompass all of Kyoto greenhouse gases – carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) – emitted by all IPCC sectors – Energy, Industry, Transport, Agriculture, Waste, and LULUCF.
Please make sure to reflect this in your response by specifying the sectors and gases covered by your government operations target in the comments field of the table for each type of target type selected. If you would like to report on your individual sector-specific emissions reduction targets, please select the sector in the sector field and specify the gases covered in the comments section.
This question only appears if you select “Base year emissions target” in response to 4.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Percentage field |
Target year | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|
Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your base year emissions reduction target for your government operations. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include a brief description of your target in this field.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your base year emissions target.
Sector | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target |
---|---|---|---|
Total |
1990 |
250000000 |
100 |
Industry |
1990 |
80000000 |
100 |
Target year | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|
2050 |
Yes |
Reduce emissions from government operations emissions for all 2006 IPCC sectors by 100% based on 1990 levels. This target covers CO2, methane and HFCs. |
2050 |
Informal |
Reduce emissions from industrial government operations sector by 100% based on 1990 levels. This target covers CO2 and methane. |
This question only appears if you select “Base year intensity target” in response to 4.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Intensity unit (Emissions per) | Base year | Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e per denominator) |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity | Target year | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
Percentage field | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your base year intensity target for your government operations. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include a brief description of your target in this field.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your base year emissions target.
Sector | Intensity unit (Emissions per) | Base year | Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e per denominator) |
---|---|---|---|
Total |
Metric tonnes of CO2e per capita |
2002 |
2.1 |
Industry |
Metric tonnes of CO2e per capita |
2010 |
1 |
Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity | Target year | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
15 |
2050 |
No |
Target is for a reduction of 15% per capita emissions from 2002 by 2050. This target covers all 2006 IPCC sectors and all Kyoto GHGs. |
30 |
2030 |
Informal |
Target is for a reduction of 30% reduction on per capita emissions from 2010 by 2050. This target covers all Kyoto GHGs. |
This question only appears if you select “Baseline scenario (business as usual) target” in response to 4.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Target year |
---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target from business as usual | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
Numerical field | Percentage field | Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your baseline scenario (business as usual) target for your government operations. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total region-wide emissions” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your emissions target.
Sector | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Target year |
---|---|---|---|
Total |
2005 |
740000000 |
2025 |
Transport |
2002 |
48000000 |
2030 |
Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target from business as usual | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
790000000 |
20 |
Yes |
20% reduction in emissions in 2025 compared to a BAU scenario. This target covers Energy, Transport and Industry sectors as well as all Kyoto GHGs. |
38000000 |
10 |
Yes |
10% reduction in emissions in 2030 compared to a BAU scenario for the Transport sector. This target only covers CO2. |
This question only appears if you select “Fixed level Target” in response to 4.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Sector | Percentage reduction target | Target year | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Percentage field |
Numerical field |
Select from:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
This question allows you to provide the details of your fixed level target for your government operations. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding additional rows. Please try to complete all the relevant fields of this table. This is a table question with the following fields:
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total region-wide emissions” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Gases covered: Please specify all the relevant Kyoto GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs and SF6) covered by your emissions target.
Sector | Percentage reduction target | Target year | Has a decarbonisation pathway(s) been modelled for your target? | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total |
100 |
2050 |
Informal |
To reduce government operations’ CO2-e emissions to net zero by 2050 and covers all 2006 IPCC sectors as well as all Kyoto GHGs |
Energy |
100 |
2040 |
Yes |
No emissions from energy generation by 2040. This target covers only CO2 emissions. |
No change
Select one of the following options:
To respond to this question, please select “Yes” or “No” from the drop-down menu. Responding “Yes” will direct you to question 4.5a, where you will be asked to provide details of your reduction target; responding “No” directs you to question 4.5b.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 4.5.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Scale | Sector | Target type | Base year | Target year |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Target energy | Target (%) | Comments |
---|---|---|
Select from:
| Percentage field
| Text field |
[Add Row]
If you select “Yes” to question 4.5, please complete this table question with the following fields:
Increase efficiency: Increasing energy efficiency means getting more from the energy used to deliver goods and services through innovation, and/or cutting out wasted energy, reducing the energy used while maintaining output.
Reduce consumption: Targets refer to reducing consumption patterns of both final and primary energy and electricity to deliver goods and services that is delivering equal or greater output with less energy.
Electricity: As a widely used form of energy, targets refer to the efficiency of electric power systems – encompassing generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electrical energy – that provide electricity to households, industry and transport sector among others.
Final energy: It refers to the form of energy available to end users for consumption such as households, industry and agriculture, following the conversion from primary energy carriers (e.g. crude oil, natural gas, coal, and renewables). Final forms of energy include, among others, electricity, heating oil, fuels, gas and district heat (Reference: European Nuclear Society).
Primary energy: Energy that has not been subjected to any conversion or transformation process. Primary energy includes non-renewable energy and renewable energy (Reference: European Council for an Energy Efficient Economies).
Short target summary: Please include your short target summary in this field. Examples of short target summaries are presented below.
Sectors covered: If you selected “Total” in the sector field, please outline the relevant ones covered by your target in this field.
Examples of target summaries
For additional information on energy efficiency targets, below are examples of targets that cover both total and individual sectors as well as region-wide and government operations target scale.
Scale | States and regions | Sectors | Target type | Target energy | Example |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region-wide |
Quebec |
Total |
Increase efficiency |
Primary energy |
Increase energy efficiency by 24% by 2030 based on 2018 levels. |
Region-wide |
Brittany |
Total |
Reduce consumption |
Final energy |
Reduce the consumption of end-use energy by 30% by 2040 based on 2012 levels |
Region-wide |
Sardinia |
Transport |
Reduce consumption |
Primary energy |
Reduce region-wide energy consumption by the transport sector by 8% by 2030 based on 2013 levels |
Government operations |
Estado de Mexico |
Energy |
Reduce consumption |
Electricity |
Reduce electricity consumption in public administration buildings by 100% by 2023 based on 2016 levels |
Scale | Sector | Target type | Base year | Target year |
---|---|---|---|---|
Region-wide |
Total |
Increase efficiency |
2013 |
2030 |
Government operations |
Industry |
Reduce consumption |
2000 |
2020 |
Target energy | Target (%) | Comments |
---|---|---|
Primary energy |
15 |
Increase region-wide primary energy efficiency for industrial and transport sectors by 15% by 2030 based on 2013. |
Electricity |
20 |
Reduce electricity consumption in state industrial buildings by 20% by 2020 based on 2000. |
This question only appears if you select “No” in response to 4.5.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Reason | Please explain |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
Please give more details on why you do not have an energy efficiency target by selecting the most suitable option from the drop-down options provided in the “Reason” field and give an explanation in the context of your region. Select “Other, please specify” if you have a different reason that best explains why your region does not have an energy efficiency target and specify it in the text field provided.
No change
Select one of the following options:
To respond to this question, please select “Yes” or “No” from the drop-down menu. Responding “Yes” will direct you to question 4.6a, where you will be asked to provide details of your reduction target; responding “No” directs you to question 4.6b.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 4.6.
No change
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Scale | Target type | Unit type | Base year | Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in base year (in unit specified in column 3) | Target year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
|
Select from:
| Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field
|
Numerical field |
Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in target year (in unit specified in column 3) | Percentage of renewable energy / electricity covered by target in target year (%) | Web link with target information | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
Numerical field
| Numerical field | Text field | Text field
|
[Add Row]
Renewable electricity consumption: It is the electricity generated from renewable energy sources delivered to consumers (public and private). It can be defined as the ratio between the electricity produced from renewable energy sources and the gross national electricity consumption – which comprises national electricity generation from all fuels (including auto production), plus electricity imports, minus exports (Reference: European Environment Agency).
Renewable electricity production: It refers to the process of producing or generating electrical energy by transforming other forms of renewable energy, for example wind power or geothermal energy (Reference: Eurostat).
Renewable energy consumption: It is the consumption of energy from renewable sources. It can be defined as the energy commodities delivered for energy purposes to industry, transport, households, services, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, including electricity and heat consumed by the energy sector and losses of electricity and heat in distribution and transmission (Reference: Eurostat).
Renewable energy production: It refers to the primary production of energy from renewable sources, that is the extraction of energy products in a useable form from natural sources. This occurs when natural sources are exploited (e.g. hydro power plants, wind farms). Transforming energy from one form into another (from solar to heat) is not primary production (Reference: Eurostat).
Other, please specify: Please specify the type of target you have.
Examples of target summaries
For additional information on renewable energy targets, below are examples of target summaries.
Scale | States and regions | Target type | Examples |
---|---|---|---|
Region-wide |
Baden Wurttemberg |
Renewable energy consumption |
Increase renewables to 80% of gross final energy consumption by 2050 based on 2017 levels. |
Region-wide | New Caledonia | Renewable electricity consumption | Increase renewable electricity consumption by 100% in 2030 based on 2014 levels. |
Region-wide |
Navarra |
Renewable electricity consumption |
Increase renewable electricity consumption by 50% in 2030 based on 2017 levels. |
Scale | Target type | Base year | Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in base year (in unit specified in column 3) | Unit type | Target year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region-wide |
Renewable energy consumption |
2000 |
2816 |
MW |
2020 |
Government operations |
Renewable electricity production |
2000 |
750 |
MW |
2025 |
Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in target year (in unit specified in column 3) | Percentage of renewable / electricity covered by target in target year (%) | Web link with target information | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
4500 | 20 | www.stateand region.com/renewableenergytarget2020 | Increase renewable consumption by 20% of by 2020. |
1500 | 30 | www.stateand region.com/renewableenergytarget2025 | Increase renewable production to 1,500 MW of production by 2025. |
This question only appears if you select “No” in response to 4.6.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Reason | Please explain |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
Please give more details on why you do not have a renewable energy/electricity target by selecting the most suitable option from the drop-down options provided in the “Reason” field and give an explanation in the context of your region. Select “Other, please specify” if you have a different reason that best explains why your region does not have a renewable energy/electricity target and specify it in the text field provided.
No change
This question covers which climate actions you are taking in your region. A total of 114 possible climate actions available, grouped into the 11 sectors as outlined below. To disclose the climate actions you are taking for a specific sector, simply click on the sector you wish to disclose your actions for, and tables will appear outlining the climate actions associated with selected sectors. You can select more than one sector and if your region currently does not have any climate actions planned or implemented, please skip this question.
Number of climate actions by sector:
Tables with relevant climate action by sector will appear depending on the response to 4.7.
No change
Please complete the following table:
Climate actions | Is your region taking this action? | What is the scale of its implementation? | Does your government have jurisdictional power to implement this action? | Action description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Select from Appendix B
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
| Select from:
|
Text field
|
Tables with relevant climate actions by sector will appear depending on the response to 4.7. Each table will present all relevant climate actions for that sector asking you to provide additional information on the following fields:
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
---|---|
Improve capacity of farmers and rural organizations (e.g. educating farmers on innovative and cost-effective measures, providing financial support, developing farm level carbon footprint) |
More info: FAO - http://www.fao.org/rural-institutions/en/ |
Improve grassland and cropland management (e.g. improve nutrient management, implement rotational or prescribed grazing methods) | More info: Intechopen - https://www.intechopen.com/online-first/strategic-management-of-grazing-grassland-systems-to-maintain-and-increase-organic-carbon-in-soils |
Reduce methane emissions from manure (e.g. install dairy digesters) | More info: Journal of
Dairy Science - https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(18)30939-1/abstract |
Reduce methane emissions from livestock digestive systems (e.g. feed management to improve productivity) | More info: Journal of Animal Science and Technology - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6004689/ University of Reading - https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/climate-smart-agriculture/0/steps/26577 |
Improve soil health/soil carbon sequestration capacity | More info: Nature - https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/soil-carbon-storage-84223790 |
Promote other sustainable farming practices | More info: UC Davis -
http://asi.ucdavis.edu/programs/sarep/about/what-is-sustainable-agriculture IIED - https://www.iied.org/five-ways-make-farming-more-sustainable |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
---|---|
Improve heating and cooling efficiency (e.g. audits, insulation, HVAC maintenance, white roofs, etc.) |
More info: IEA - https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/buildings_roadmap.pdf |
Increase awareness/engage public on energy efficiency/clean energy programs |
More info: EEA - https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/achieving-energy-efficiency-through-behaviour/file |
Install biomass heating |
More info: Forest - https://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/projects/sites/iee-projects/files/projects/documents/forest_guide_for_designers_and_architects_en.pdf |
Install clean cook stoves |
More info: Global Alliance for Clean Cook stoves - http://cleancookstoves.org/resources/272.html |
Install energy efficient lighting systems (e.g. LED) |
More info: WBDG - www.wbdg.org/resources/energy-efficient-lighting |
Install geothermal heating | More info: US EPA - https://www.epa.gov/rhc/geothermal-heating-and-cooling-technologies |
Install more efficient luminaires in outdoor lighting (e.g. LED) |
More info: EC - http://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/pdf/tbr/street_lighting_tbr.pdf |
Install smart energy meters/sub-meters |
Smart meters use digital technology to enable a customer to see real time energy consumption and cost in a way that might cause them to reduce their energy consumption and become more efficient. Source: CNEE - https://spotforcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/ee936982af6480acb10ae1ca83ea5913.pdf |
Install solar heating/hot water |
More info: Autodesk - https://sustainabilityworkshop.autodesk.com/buildings/solar-hot-water Energy Saving Trust - https://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/renewable-energy/heat/solar-water-heating |
Promote and strengthen building energy performance rating/certification/benchmarking |
"Benchmarking" assesses building energy performance based on actual energy use information. Public disclosure and rating or certification of building energy performance can support investment in energy efficiency improvements and increase transparency to buyers and renters. Source: ACEEE - https://database.aceee.org/city/benchmarking-disclosure |
Promote energy efficient appliances |
More info: EC - https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-products |
Set/strengthen appliance efficiency standards |
Examples: US Energy Department - https://energy.gov/eere/buildings/appliance-and-equipment-standards-program |
Set/strengthen HVAC efficiency standards | Example: California Energy Commission 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards For Residential And Nonresidential Buildings https://www.energy.ca.gov/2018publications/CEC-400... |
Set/strengthen lighting efficiency standards |
More info: EESI - http://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-energy-efficiency-standards-for-appliances-lighting-and-equipmen |
Switch from heating oil to natural gas |
More info: UGIHVAC - https://ugihvac.com/the-low-down-on-heat-switching-from-oil-to-natural-gas/ |
Commit to reaching net-zero operating emissions in public buildings | More information: World Green Building Council - https://www.worldgbc.org/thecommitment |
Establish a plan/roadmap for all new buildings to produce net-zero GHG emissions | More info: Cibse Journal & Leti - https://www.cibsejournal.com/technical/countdown-to-zero/ |
Net Zero Carbon Buildings Commitment participants: reducing operating emissions of government-owned building portfolio | More info: World GBC- https://www.worldgbc.org/thecommitment |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
---|---|
Enable net metering |
"Net metering" is a policy that allows unused distributed power to be delivered to the grid at a per kilowatt hour (kWh) credit. Customers are credited for any power they deliver to the grid and then after they use power, they are billed only for the “net” power they use over their generation (CNEE). Source: CNEE - https://spotforcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/e4a2cb1ddfe74438231b1ec98cdadae4.pdf |
Expand/improve transmission to integrate renewables |
Renewable Energy Integration focuses on incorporating renewable energy, distributed generation, energy storage, thermally activated technologies, and demand response into the electric distribution and transmission system. The integration also establishes viable business models for incorporating these technologies into capacity planning, grid operations, and demand-side management. Source: Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability https://energy.gov/oe/services/technology-development/renewable-energy-integration |
Install natural gas power | Example: EIA - https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=27072 |
Install biomass power |
More info: WBDG - https://www.wbdg.org/resources/biomass-electricity... |
Install carbon capture and storage (CCS) |
Carbon capture and geological storage (CCS) is a technique for trapping carbon dioxide emitted from large point sources such as power plants, compressing it, and transporting it to a suitable storage site where it is injected into the ground. Source: European Commission https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/lowcarbon/ccs_en |
Install combined heat and power (CHP) or trigen | More info: UK GOV - https://www.gov.uk/guidance/combined-heat-and-power |
Install energy storage system |
More info: Energy Storage Association - http://energystorage.org/energy-storage/energy-storage-technologies |
Install hydropower |
More info: The Energy Saving Trust - https://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/renewable-energy/electricity/hydro |
Install microgrids |
A microgrid is a localized grouping of electricity generation, energy storage, and loads that normally operates connected to a traditional centralized grid but can be disconnected and function autonomously. Source: Journal of Clean Energy Technologies - http://www.jocet.org/vol5/342-S012.pdf |
Install nuclear power |
More info: World Nuclear Association - http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/current-and-future-generation/nuclear-power-in-the-world-today.aspx |
Install smart grids |
"Smart grid" is an umbrella term describing an electrical transmission and distribution system that employs a full array of advanced electronic metering, communications, and control technologies. The grid would provide detailed feedback to customers and system operators on energy use and allow precise control of the energy flow in the grid. Source: ACEEE - http://aceee.org/policy-brief/smart-grid |
Install solar power (e.g. PV, CSP) |
More info: The Energy Saving
Trust - https://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/renewable-energy/electricity/solar-panels |
Install geothermal power | More info: NREL - https://www.nrel.gov/workingwithus/re-geo-elec-production.html |
Install wind power (e.g. onshore, offshore) |
More info: AEWA - https://www.awea.org/wind-power-101 |
Install ocean/tidal/wave power |
European Commission - https://setis.ec.europa.eu/system/files/Technology_Information_Sheet_Ocean_Energy.pdf |
Measure energy productivity (e.g. GDP per unit of energy) |
Can be widely measure as the physical use of raw material to the economic performance of the whole economy. The policy target aims to improve the efficiency of the use of the resource. For the agricultural sector energy productivity would be the quantity of a given agricultural product per unit of energy required for its production. Sources: More info: Australian Alliance for Energy Productivity - https://a2se.org.au/our-work/2xep-by-2030-project/921-uncategorised/417-what-is-energy-productivity |
Promote demand-side management programs |
Demand-side management (DSM) programs consist of the planning, implementing, and monitoring activities to provide cost-effective energy and capacity resources to help defer the need for new sources of power, including generating facilities, power purchases, and transmission and distribution capacity additions. Source: EIA - https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia861/dsm/ |
Reform utility revenue policies and rate structures |
Efforts to reform the current utility regulatory construct have taken many forms, including regulating and rewarding utilities based on their performance against certain metrics, rather than the traditional rate of return based on spending. Source: CNEE - https://spotforcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/3c8cf27c34a31283233d35966d218e5e.pdf |
Phase out coal-fired/inefficient power stations |
More info: Climate Analytics - https://climateanalytics.org/briefings/coal-phase-out/ |
Set energy efficiency resource standards (EERS) |
An "energy efficiency resource standard" (EERS) establishes a percentage of energy demand reduction by a specific date or on an annual basis that a utility will achieve through demand reduction programs (e.g. x utility will achieve a 10% reduction in demand (or demand growth) over the next 10 years). Source: CNEE - https://spotforcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/1c7edec388b2b5bdeea29ede128e573d.pdf |
Set a target of 100% zero-carbon power (i.e. based on a large-scale switch to renewable energy) | More info: Systemiq - https://www.systemiq.earth/news-1/2019/7/11/electrification-and-decarbonisation-the-role-of-fusion-in-achieving-a-zero-carbon-power-grid Example: https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/new-mexico-senate-passes-100-carbon-free-electricity-bill#gs.a6lz6b |
Control methane leaks from oil & gas operatoins | More info: https://www.americangeosciences.org/geoscience-currents/methane-emissions-oil-and-gas-industry |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
---|---|
Adopt feed in tariff for renewables |
Feed-In Tariffs are payments to ordinary energy users for the renewable electricity they generate. These can be presented as part of schemes that pays people for creating their own “green electricity”. Source: Feed-In Tariffs http://www.fitariffs.co.uk/fits/ |
Adopt reverse auction for renewables |
A "reverse auction" mechanism is an auction approach to procurement, wherein sellers, which meet certain minimum criteria, are eligible to submit non-negotiable price bids. The buyer (typically a utility) then selects winning sellers based on the lowest priced bids first, and signs non-negotiable standard contracts with the winning sellers, incorporating the prices bid by that seller. Source: SEIA - https://www.seia.org/initiatives/reverse-auction-mechanism |
Enable PACE (long term property tax based loans) financing |
"Property Assessed Clean Energy" (PACE) is a financing mechanism implemented by local governments that allows property owners to finance energy efficiency and renewable energy improvements via a voluntary property tax assessment collected by local governments, just as other public infrastructure investments are financed. Source: CNEE - https://spotforcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/32c1e5155f58039fd5d4602f69695008.pdf |
Establish GHG emissions trading program |
"GHG trading programs" harnesses market forces to reduce emissions cost-effectively. Also called "cap and trade," the program sets a cap on emissions and allows the market to determine a price on carbon, which drives investment decisions and spurs market innovation. Source: C2ES - https://www.c2es.org/content/cap-and-trade-basics/ |
Increase awareness/engage public on financing mechanisms and incentives for energy efficiency/clean energy |
Examples: Cambridge City Council - https://www.cambridge.gov.uk/grants-and-incentives-for-improving-your-homes-energy-efficiency |
Invest in clean tech R&D |
Policy examples include tax credit claims for companies in the clean tech Research and Development (R&D) sector (UK) and establishing funding programs to support clean energy R&D initiatives. More info: IEA - https://www.iea.org/media/etp/tracking2017/TrackingCleanEnergyInnovationProgress.pdf |
Issue green bonds |
"Green bonds" were created to fund projects that have positive environmental and/or climate benefits. The majority of the green bonds issued are green “use of proceeds” or asset-linked bonds. Proceeds from these bonds are earmarked for green projects but are backed by the issuer’s entire balance sheet. There have also been green "use of proceeds" revenue bonds, green project bonds and green securitized bonds. Source: CBI - https://www.climatebonds.net/market/explaining-green-bonds |
Promote on-bill financing |
"On-bill financing" is a mechanism for financing clean energy and energy efficiency projects in buildings in which investments are re-paid through a line-item in the utility bill. Source: CNEE - https://spotforcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/9b01946799e4b5aa2ad36382efb3d1e4.pdf |
Provide green mortgages |
Under a "green mortgage," a bank or mortgage lender offers a house buyer preferential terms if they can demonstrate that the property for which they are borrowing meets certain environmental standards. Source: WGBC - http://www.worldgbc.org/news-media/what-are-green-mortgages-how-will-they-revolutionise-home-energy-efficiency |
Provide loans/guarantees for energy efficiency/clean energy |
Examples: Queensland Farmers' Federation - https://www.qff.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/QFF-EnergySavers-Factsheet.pdf |
Provide tax incentives for clean energy |
Source: KPMG - https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/pdf/2014/09/taxes-incentives-renewable-energy-v1.pdf |
Support clean tech clusters/companies |
A "clean tech cluster" is a group of clean tech companies located in close geographic proximity in order to encourage greater collaboration and innovation. Clusters bring together innovators and businesses to take research into production. |
Implement carbon tax |
A carbon tax is a form of explicit carbon pricing directly linked to the level of carbon dioxide emissions. Source: World Bank - https://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/SDN/background-note_carbon-tax.pdf |
Fossil fuel divestment | More info: Fossil Free Divestment - https://gofossilfree.org/divestment/what-is-fossil-fuel-divestment/ |
Fossil fuel subsidies reform | More info: Friends of Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform - http://fffsr.org/ IISD - https://www.iisd.org/gsi/subsidy-watch-blog/fossil-fuel-subsidies-and-reform-on-the-rise |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Collaborate with cities/local governments in reducing emissions/increasing resilience |
More info: Global Covenant of Mayors - https://www.globalcovenantofmayors.org/ |
Collaborate with national governments in reducing emissions/increasing resilience (e.g. development and delivery of NDC's) |
Example : Source -WWF http://awsassets.panda.org/downloads/ambition_paper_wwf_wwf_germanyv5.pdf |
Collaborate with other states/regions in reducing emissions/increasing resilience |
More info: Initiative for Climate Action Transparency - http://www.climateactiontransparency.org/icat-guidance/non-state-subnational-action/ |
Support and incentivize businesses in reducing emissions/increasing resilience |
More info: Deloitte - https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/real-estate/articles/carbon-penalties-and-incentives-report.html |
Support and incentivize citizens in adapting environmentally friendly practices | More
info: Conserve Energy Future - https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/15-easy-ways-to-become-environmentally-friendly.php |
Complete a 2050 Pathways analysis (i.e. strategy for meeting mid-century GHG reduction goals) | More info: The Climate Group - https://www.theclimategroup.org/project/2050-pathways |
Alignment with Sustainable Development Goals | More info: UNA-UK - https://www.sustainablegoals.org.uk/aligning-sdg-and-climate-action/ |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Improve energy efficiency of industrial processes |
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Promote industrial symbiosis/industrial ecology programs | More info: University of Surrey (PhD) - https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5275/9c96789f754cc80968d4f3af2540d4298457.pdf |
Promote reduced packaging | More info: Less Waste - http://www.lesswaste.org.uk/reduce/think-packaging/ |
Support green manufacturing |
Green manufacturing is the application of green technology to curb the negative impacts of human involvement. Essentially is the introduction of environmental thinking into manufacturing processes, which involves transformation of industrial operations in using green energy, developing and selling green products and employing green processes in business operations. Source: Paul et al. / Procedia Materials Science 6 (2014) 1644 – 1649 |
Implement green public/private partnerships with industry | More info: MPDI - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/4/1087/pdf |
Support digitalization of industry |
The inclusion of IoT into manufacturing processes as well as artificial intelligence and sensors, among others, creating efficiency through digitalization. Source: World Economic Forum - http://reports.weforum.org/digital-transformation/wp-content/blogs.dir/94/mp/files/pages/files/wef1601-digitaltransformation-1401.pdf |
Regulate / incentivize reduction in use of HFC's | More info: EPA - https://www.epa.gov/snap/reducing-hydrofluorocarbon-hfc-use-and-emissions-federal-sector-through-snap |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Establish GHG reduction plan for LULUCF (e.g. REDD+, etc.) |
More info: UNFCCC - http://unfccc.int/land_use_and_climate_change/lulucf/items/1084.php |
Promote conservation efforts for natural areas |
Example: Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife - http://www.oregonconservationstrategy.org/conservation-toolbox/conservation-in-urban-areas/ |
Promote sustainable forest management |
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Undertake strategic environmental assessment | More info: EC - http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eia/sea-legalcontext.htm |
Promote sustainable coastal ecosystem management |
More info: EC - http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/coastal_zones_sustainable_management_46si_en.pdf |
Establish guidelines for siting renewable power |
Guidelines should optimize siting options (where to deploy renewable power), getting more out of infrastructure that has already been built, sites that optimize the use of the grid, use of brownfield sites. More info: EPA - https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-04/documents/handbook_siting_repowering_projects.pdf |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Improve public transport services (e.g. adopt high speed rail, improve bus services, improve rail services) |
Example: CIVITAS - http://civitas.eu/measure/improving-public-transport-infrastructure |
Promote digitalization in the transport sector (e.g. real-time information) |
More info: Deloitte - https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/bps/deloitte-uk-transport-digital-age.pdf |
Promote active transport such as walking and cycling | More info: Active Living Research - https://activelivingresearch.org/sites/activelivingresearch.org/files/ALR_Review_ActiveTransport_January2016.pdf |
Switch freight from high carbon to low carbon transport |
Example: UK Department of Transport - https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/552492/rail-freight-strategy.pdf |
Increase awareness/engage public on private transport measures |
More info: UN - https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/2375Mobilizing%20Sustainable%20Transport.pdf |
Install electric vehicle charging infrastructure (i.e. home, work, highways, etc.) |
Example: US Department of Energy - https://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity_infrastructure.html |
Provide incentives for zero-emission vehicles (e.g. purchase rebate, tax exemption) | More info: Gov.uk - https://www.gov.uk/plug-in-car-van-grants |
Promote alternative fuel production (e.g. biofuels, natural gas, hydrogen, etc.) |
Alternative fuels are transportation fuels that are not derived from petroleum, and they include ethanol, electricity, hydrogen, compressed or liquid natural gas, and gasoline and diesel derived from coal, natural gas, or biomass. Source: The National Academies Press (NAP) - https://www.nap.edu/read/18264/chapter/6 |
Set/strengthen standards for vehicles (e.g. for fuel economy GHG emissions, low carbon fuels) |
Example: https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/cars_en |
Set manufacturing requirements (e.g. zero-emission vehicle standard) |
"Manufacturing requirements" require automakers to produce a certain percentage of zero emission vehicles (ZEVs) by a given date (e.g. 16% of total vehicle sales by 2025). Source: ICCT - https://www.transportpolicy.net/standard/california-zev/ |
Switch to electric/hybrid vehicles in cars/taxis/government fleets |
More info: https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/taxis-and-private-hire/emissions-standards-for-taxis#on-this-page-1 |
Switch to other lower-carbon fuel in cars/taxis/government fleets (e.g. biofuels, natural gas, hydrogen, etc.) |
More info: UN - https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/971430_Watson_Improving%20vehicle%20fuel%20economy%20to%20save%20money,%20reduce%20carbon%20emissions,%20and%20reliance%20on%20oil.pdf |
ZEV Challenge Participants: progress towards procuring only zero-emission passenger vehicles for appropriate public fleets by 2030, or | More info: The Climate Group - https://www.theclimategroup.org/project/zev-challenge |
converting all appropriate public fleet vehicles to zero-emission vehicles by 2030 | More
information: Parliament UK - https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmsctech/1454/145408.htm Example: Mayor of London - https://www.london.gov.uk/press-releases/mayoral/mayor-sets-out-londons-electric-vehicle-future |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Adopt source separation policies (e.g. collection for dry recyclables, organic compostable waste, etc.) |
More info: IEA Bioenergy - http://task37.ieabioenergy.com/files/daten-redaktion/download/Technical%20Brochures/source_separation_web.pdf |
Establish waste reduction/recycling plan |
Examples: Queensland Government - https://www.premiers.qld.gov.au/publications/categories/plans/waste-reduction-recycling-plan.aspx |
Increase awareness/engage public on waste reduction/recycling measures |
Examples: EPA - https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-waste-what-you-can-do |
Install advanced thermal treatment/waste to energy |
More info: Atkins - http://www.atkinsglobal.co.uk/en-GB/angles/all-angles/advanced-waste-treatment-technologies |
Install anaerobic digestion |
"Anaerobic digestion" is the process by which organic matter such as animal or food waste is broken down to produce biogas and bio-fertilizer. This process happens in the absence of oxygen in a sealed, oxygen-free tank called an anaerobic digester. Source: CCAC - http://www.ccacoalition.org/ru/node/2279 |
Install landfill gas management/landfill gas to energy |
"Landfill gas to energy" captures landfill gas to prevent methane from entering the atmosphere and utilizes it as an energy source. Source: CCAC - http://www.ccacoalition.org/en/activity/landfill-gas-capture-and-use |
Install mechanical biological treatment | More info: environment-ageny.gov.uk - https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/321606/LFTGN03.pdf |
Install municipal recycling points or centers (for residents or businesses) |
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Install waste heat recovery |
More info: EPA - https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-07/documents/waste_heat_to_power_systems.pdf |
Implement practices and policies to promote circular economy |
The "circular economy" aims to eradicate waste—not just from manufacturing processes, as lean management aspires to do, but systematically, throughout the life cycles and uses of products and their components. Source: McKinsey - https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/sustainability-and-resource-productivity/our-insights/moving-toward-a-circular-economy |
Reducing the municipal solid waste generation per capita |
More info: Resources for the Future - https://www.rff.org/publications/journal-articles/the-cost-of-reducing-municipal-solid-waste/ Example: C40 - https://www.c40.org/case_studies/c40-good-practice-guides-buenos-aires-municipal-solid-waste-reduction-project |
Reducing the amount of municipal solid waste disposed to landfill and incineration and increase the diversion rate away from landfill and incineration | More info: Databuild - https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/319324/report316.pdf |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Install water efficiency measures | More info: Resource Efficient Scotland - https://www.resourceefficientscotland.com/sites/default/files/10-Step%20Good%20Practice%20Water%20Guide%20Resource%20Efficient%20Scotland.pdf |
Adopt wastewater to energy initiatives (e.g. methane recovery for reuse) |
More info: NREL - https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/53341.pdf |
Install smart water meters |
"Smart water meters" use digital technology to enable a customer to see real time water consumption and cost in a way that might cause them to reduce their water consumption and become more efficient. Source: LBNL - https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/01/f34/Exploring%20the%20Energy%20Benefits%20of%20Advanced%20Water%20Metering.pdf |
Promote water recycling or reclamation |
Water reclamation is the treatment or processing of wastewater to make it reusable with definable treatment reliability and meeting appropriate water quality criteria; water reuse is the use of treated wastewater (or reclaimed water) for a beneficial purpose. Source: UNFCCC - https://www.ctc-n.org/technologies/water-recycling-and-reclamation |
Other, please specify |
Climate action | Description / Additional information |
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Support hospitals and public health systems to reduce GHG emissions (e.g. renewable energy, energy efficiency, reduce waste, etc.) | State and regional governments can support government-owned and private hospitals to reduce GHG emissions through actions including: adopting renewable energy and energy efficiency in hospitals, incorporating zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) into hospital fleets, creating climate smart operating rooms (e.g. low-GHG anaesthetic gases, recycling gas waste, etc.), low-carbon procurement of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and food, and reducing hospital waste (i.e. food, water, etc.). |
Support hospitals and public health systems to increase resilience to climate impacts (e.g. emergency response systems, microgrids, etc.) | State and regional governments can support government-owned and private hospitals to increase resilience to climate impacts through actions including: updating emergency response systems, installing micro-grids, and increasing distributed energy sources and energy storage capacity. |
Take steps to better integrate health policy and climate policy within the government | With all the links that exist between climate change and health care, state and regional governments are beginning to consider potential interdependencies and synergies between the two fields when making policy decisions, including by fostering better collaboration between independent government agencies and finding ways to engage non-government climate and health stakeholders in the policymaking process. |
Other, please specify |
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Please complete the following table:
Region-wide SLCPs are measured | Select the SLCPs measured (only appears if 'Yes' is selected in column 1) | Environmental assessment of SLCPs conducted (only appears if 'Yes' is selected in column 1) |
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Select from:
| Select all that apply:
| Select from:
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These questions assist CDP in understanding to what extent your regional government is aware of these pollutants and what actions have been taken to reduce them. SLCPs can be collectively defined as gases and particles that contribute to global warming and have a relatively short lifetime in the atmosphere of a few days up to approximately 12 years. These pollutants contribute to as much as 40% of current global warming and are also responsible for dangerous air pollution, with detrimental impacts on human health, agriculture and ecosystems. For more information on SLCPs, please visit the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC).
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Region-wide plan to reduce SLCPs | Sectors covered in your region-wide plans to reduce SLCP (only appears if 'Yes' to 'Region-wide plan to reduce SLCPs') | Is your region-wide plan to reduce SLCPs integrated into your broader region-wide mitigation policies and/or climate action strategy? (only appears if 'Yes' to 'Region-wide plan to reduce SLCPs') | Description |
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Select from:
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Select all that apply:
[Agriculture; Energy; Industry; Transport; Residential buildings; Commercial building; Waste; Other] |
Select from:
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Text field |
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
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Select from:
Indicate whether your region has undertaken a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment by selecting the most relevant option from the drop-down menu. If you select “Yes” or "In progress" you will be directed to questions 5.1a and 5.1b.
The effects of climate change might pose a significant risk to your region’s future development. A climate change risk or vulnerability assessment is a qualitative or quantitative scientific estimation the risks from or vulnerability to climate change. These assessments are most usually done within the context of a decision-making or planning process to address climate change impacts. Before developing an adaptation plan, it is important to understand how climate change is likely to affect your region - this is usually done by conducting a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment.
A vulnerability assessment is the analysis of the expected impacts, risks and the adaptive capacity of your region to the effects of climate change. Assessing the vulnerability of your region encompasses more than simple measurement of the potential harm caused by events resulting from climate change: it also includes an assessment of the region or sector's ability to adapt, sometimes referred to as "adaptive capacity".
To complete a vulnerability assessment, a region is likely to need to undertake the following steps:
A high-quality vulnerability assessment involves engagement with a broad range of stakeholders. It is important to recognize the diverse expertise that different stakeholders provide. It is particularly critical to acknowledge local community and traditional indigenous knowledge and to be aware of different perspectives and values. Broad engagement can result in identification of previously overlooked areas of vulnerability or in a more nuanced understanding of the root cause of vulnerabilities and hence better-targeted adaptation responses.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 5.1.
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Please attach your relevant document here.
This question allows states and regions to directly upload climate change risk or vulnerability assessments. The reporting platform allows you to upload multiple documents.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” or "In progress" in response to 5.1.
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Please complete the following table:
Primary methodology | Sectors covered by the risk and vulnerability assessment | Comments |
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Select from:
| Select all that apply:
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Text field |
Answering this question will provide important information for other regions which are assessing the physical risks from climate change for the first time and may be interested in the methodology you used. In the first field you can choose from a list of the most commonly used methodologies and types of methodologies on which your assessment is based. Select “Other, please specify” to report something not covered in the existing list of values. Selecting "Other, please specify" will allow you to write in the name of the methodology used. Select “Unknown” if you do not know on which methodology the assessment was based and select “No evaluation done” if a vulnerability assessment has not been carried out.
The following resources provide further information about physical risks and the methodology of risk assessment:
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Select one of the following options:
Please respond to indicate whether your region has produced an adaptation plan by selecting “Yes” or “No” from the drop-down menu. If you select “Yes” you will be directed to question 5.2a and 5.2b. If you select “No” you will be directed to question 5.2c.
A climate adaptation plan (also known as climate resilience plan) can be defined as a planned response across the region’s services and departments in order to address and manage future climate change risks. The aim of such a plan is to ensure that climate change risks are addressed in a preventive manner by putting in place a set of concrete measures to tackle those risks.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 5.2.
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Please complete the following table:
Title | Year of publication | Publication hyperlink | Priority areas covered |
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Text field |
Drop-down list: 2000 – 2021 |
Text field |
Select all that apply:
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This is a table question with the following fields:
This question only appears if you select “Yes” in response to 5.2.
No change
Please attach your relevant document here.
This question gives you the opportunity to upload your region's climate adaptation plan. The reporting platform allows you to upload multiple documents.
This question only appears if you select “No” in response to 5.2.
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Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Reason | Please explain |
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Select all that apply:
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Text field |
[Add Row]
Some regions have not created an adaptation plan for a variety of reasons. Others are still in the process of completing their adaptation plan. This question gives you the opportunity to explain why you have not created an adaptation plan. This question allows states and regions to select the reason for their lack of climate adaptation plan. Multiple reasons can be selected by adding a row in response to this question. This is a table question with the following fields:
Reason | Please explain |
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Adaptation is covered under main region strategy |
We do not have a dedicated a climate adaptation plan as it is part of our region’s master plan. |
Lack of resources/funding |
We do not have additional resources to develop a separate climate adaptation plan and that is why it is part of our region’s master plan. |
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This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
Your goals can be of any type. Please use the text field to provide as much explanation on what your main goals are for adaptation and the status of those goals. Your adaptation goals could include information on your region's overall strategy and objectives across the different thematic areas covered by your adaptation plan.
Case Study: Australian Capital Territory’s Climate Adaptation Strategy – Living with a Warming ClimateThe Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Climate Change Adaptation Strategy – Living with a Warming Climate (the Adaptation Strategy) supports the community, its city and the natural environment to become more resilient to the impacts from climate change to 2020. The ACT Government’s objectives are:
Reference: ACT Government (2016). ACT Climate Change Adaptation Strategy Living With A Warming Climate. Available online at: https://www.environment.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/912478/ACT-Climate-Change-Adaptation-Strategy.pdf |
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Select one of the following options:
The IPCC defines risk as the potential for consequences where something of value is at stake and where the outcome is uncertain, recognizing the diversity of values. Risk is often represented as probability or likelihood of occurrence of hazardous events or trends multiplied by the impacts if these events or trends occur (IPCC, 2012). For this question, please report whether climate change presents significant physical risks to your region, by selecting “Yes”, “Do not know” or “No”. If you select “Yes” or "Do not know", you will be directed to questions 5.4a and 5.4b. If you select “No”, you will be directed to question 5.4c.
When identifying impacts from climate change, states and regions should think objectively of the ways in which changes in the climate conditions will affect their region’s ability to conduct business as usual. Information about impacts associated with climate change can be found on the website of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in the report by Working Group II, “Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability”.
This question only appears if you select “Yes” or "Do not know" in response to 5.4.
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Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Risk driver | Anticipated timescale | Estimated magnitude of potential impact | Estimated probability of impact | Impact description |
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Select from:
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Select from:
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Select from:
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Select from:
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Text field |
[Add Row]
This question asks you to detail the physical risks of climate change, which you expect to experience in your region, together with their anticipated timescales. Do not feel obliged to include every risk to the region - list only the most pertinent and important, for example, those that may have the biggest impact, magnitude or risk factor. Responses should be reported in the fields provided using the drop-down menus where appropriate, as detailed below:
Current - If your region is already experiencing the identified effect from climate change.
Short term - If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect from climate change by 2025.
Medium term - If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect from climate change between 2026 and 2050.
Long term - If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect from climate change after 2051.
Extremely serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change poses the highest level of potential concern to your region. For example, you might choose this option if you expect large storms to have a significant impact on your region within a short time period.
Serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change poses a significant level of concern to your region. For example, you might choose this option if you expect large storms to have a significant impact on your region within a medium time frame.
Less serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change will have a lower impact within a longer timescale.
Other - Please specify the level of seriousness for the selected climate change impact.
It is up to the region to determine its level of risk and to make judgments about priorities: for example, whether a high impact risk with a long term timescale constitutes a more serious risk than a low impact risk with an immediate timescale.
Example of climate change effects and potential impacts relevant to regions
Increased cooling loads (buildings)
Decreased efficiency of energy generating plants and transmission and distribution lines (energy infrastructure)
Increase in morbidity and mortality from at-risk populations to extreme heat (human health)
Decreased water availability for hydroelectric power generation and for cooling water for thermal energy plants (energy)
Decreased potable water supply and resulting water use restrictions (water)
Increased potential for pipe breakage and failure of underground services due to soil / ground condition changes (water, waste)
Increased likelihood of combined sewer overloads (waste)
Increased likelihood of landslide and landslip and resulting damage (buildings)
Increased likelihood of service disruptions on freight and mobility infrastructure networks near coastal areas (marine terminals, airports, roads, rail) (transport)
Decreased efficacy of gravity fed wastewater and sewage systems in low-lying areas (waste)
Salinization of groundwater (water)
This question only appears if you select “Yes” or "Do not know" in response to 5.4.
No change
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Risk driver | Adaptation action | Status of action | Action description |
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Populated with selections from 5.4a column 1 |
Select from Appendix C
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Select from:
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Text field
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[Add Row]
This question only applies if you have answered "Yes" to question 5.4. Please note that you must have filled out question 5.4a before attempting to answer this question. This is a table question with the following fields:
Risk driver | Adaptation action | Status of action | Action description |
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Sea level rise |
Flood defenses – development and operation & storage |
Pre-implementation |
We are testing various sea walls and barriers around the port to prevent the low-lying areas from flooding. The most successful version will be rolled out region-wide. |
More frequent heat waves |
Shading in public spaces, markets |
Implementation |
Restaurants are able to expedite the cafe (outdoor seating) licensing process if they plant trees to provide shade in the public spaces around the location. |
This question only appears if you select “No” in response to 5.4.
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Please complete the following table:
Reason | Please explain |
---|---|
Select from:
|
Text field |
This question provides options to explain the reason why climate change does not present physical risks for the region. This question is a table with the following fields:
No change
This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
A compounding factor is something that could intensify the impacts of climate change. These may include underlying conditions or characteristics of the region that may accentuate the severity. While a high level of predictability may be difficult, it is possible that climate change’s effects (e.g. extreme heat) may have increasing consequences due to compounding factors. These may include underlying conditions or characteristics of the region that may accentuate the severity. For example, it is understood that extreme heat raises the risk of wildfires, increasing the demand for water while simultaneously reducing its supply. Compounding factors could include terrain that is susceptible to wildfires or low annual rainfall.
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
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Select one of the following options:
This question asks you to consider risks to the region’s water security. These risks may or may not be caused or exacerbated by climate change. Consider risks that stem from physical impacts as well as those that may result from regulatory, economic or social settings. If you select “Yes” or “Do not know” you will be directed to questions 6.1a and 6.2. If you select “No” you will be directed to question 6.1b.
Water is an issue of critical importance for regional governments. Water connects across sectors, places and people, as well as geographic and temporal scales. In most cases, hydrological boundaries and administrative perimeters do not coincide. Water policy is inherently complex and strongly linked to domains that are critical for development, including health, environment, agriculture, energy, spatial planning, regional development and poverty alleviation. To varying degrees, countries have allocated increasingly complex and resource-intensive responsibilities to subnational governments, resulting in interdependencies across levels of government that require co-ordination to mitigate fragmentation and manage water supply risks effectively (OECD, 2015).
This question only appears if you select “Yes” or "Do not know" in response to 6.1.
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Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Water security risk drivers | Anticipated timescale | Estimated magnitude of potential impact | Estimated probability of impact | Risk description |
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This is a table question allowing states and regions to report on relevant water security risks. Multiple rows can be entered into the group using the ‘Add another’ button to the base of the group of question fields. This table has the following fields:
Current - if your region is already experiencing the identified effect.
Short term - if you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect by 2025.
Medium term - if you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect between 2026 and 2050.
Long term - if you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect after 2051.
Extremely serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of the water security risk poses the highest level of potential concern to your region.
Serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of the water security risk poses a significant level of concern to your region. For example, you might choose this option if you expect large storms to have a significant impact on your region within a medium time frame.
Less serious - If you anticipate that the expected effect of the water security risk will have a lower impact within a longer timescale.
Other - Please specify the level of risk associated with the selected water security risk.
This question only appears if you select "No” in response to 6.1.
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Please complete the following table:
Reason | Please explain |
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This question provides options to explain the reason why your region is not considered to be exposed to water security risks. This question is a table with the following fields
This question only appears if you select “Yes” or "Do not know" in response to 6.1.
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Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Water security risk drivers | Primary adaptation action | Status of action | Action description |
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Populated with selections from 6.1a column 1 |
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This question is relevant only if you have answered, “Yes” to 6.1. The purpose of this question is to understand the actions you are taking to reduce the risks to your water security which you have identified in question 6.1a.
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Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
Water Management Strategy (or equivalent) in place | Publication title and attach document | Description of approach to governing and managing freshwater resources |
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This is a table question with the following field:
States and Regions from the following countries will be requested to answer the Forest module of the 2021 questionnaire.
This part of the 2021 reporting guidance provides additional support and information for states and regions that are requested to answer the forest module. The information states and regional governments will provide in response to the forest module's questions will assist in making comparisons between other governments. It will also help inform lessons learned that could assist other states and regions on their way to tackling deforestation and/or forest degradation or it could help further refine the collection of data.
CDP is one of the Assessment Partners for the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), which is a voluntary and non-binding international declaration to take action to halt global deforestation. NYDF aims to cut natural forest loss in half by 2020 and strive to end it by 2030. There are over 200 endorsers (including national governments, subnational governments, multi-national companies, indigenous communities and non-government organizations), which committed to doing their part to achieve the NYDF's ten goals and follow its accompanying action agenda.
The forest module will allow state and regional governments to report data on all relevant drivers of deforestation and/or forest degradation within their jurisdiction. The selection of drivers of deforestation and/or forest degradation in question 7.2 as integral as it allows states and regions to disclose granular information on how their region is managing those deforestation / forest degradation drivers.
The forest module of the States and Regions questionnaire is expected to provide improved data on the relationship between mining and forests, contributing to future assessments related to NYDF's Goal 3 (Significantly reduce deforestation derived from other economic sectors by 2020: https://forestdeclaration.org/goals/#goal-3). CDP will generate new data that will identify key indicators for Goal 3's assessment framework. CDP will also provide insights on the role of states and regions in managing the impacts of deforestation and forest degradation resulting from non-agricultural divers including mining. The data that will be collected from the forest module will contribute to the thematic report as part of the NYDF Progress Assessment on Goal 3. For further information on the NYDF Progress Assessment, please visit:https://forestdeclaration.org/about/about-assessment
This diagram shows the questions contained in this section. To access question-level guidance, use the menu on the left to navigate to the question.
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Current natural forest area (in square km) | Reporting year used for your region's natural forest area | Comments on the methodology used to collect data and quantify natural forest area | Can you provide information on the ownership or tenure rights associated with your region's natural forest area? |
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Numerical field | Numerical field | Text field | Select from:
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This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.1.
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Forest ownership category | Percentage of region's natural forest area characterized by the forest ownership category | Please explain |
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Public land administered by government | Numerical field | Text field |
Public land designated for community and indigenous groups | Numerical field | Text field |
Private land owned by communities and indigenous groups | Numerical field | Text field |
Private land owned by individuals or firms | Numerical field | Text field |
Other, please specify | Numerical field | Text field |
This table question has the following fields:
Forest tenure categories providing examples of public and private designations (Sources: FOA, Forest Tenure in Cambodia, Nepal and Vietnam).
Category | Examples | Description |
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Public | Public land administered by the government | Typically includes all lands in the legal forest
estate that are owned and administered exclusively by the government and that
are not designated for use by communities and indigenous peoples (IPs). Note
that this category includes some protected areas and forest lands awarded as
concessions for logging, agri-industrial or silvicultural plantations, and
mining |
Public | Public land designated for use by communities and IPs | Refers to forest lands set aside on a semi-permanent but conditional basis. In this category, governments retain ownership and entitlement to unilaterally negate local groups’ rights over entire areas. Local groups lack rights to sell or otherwise alienate land through mortgages or other financial instruments |
Private | Private land owned by communities and IPs | Refers to forest lands where rights cannot be unilaterally terminated by a government without some form of due process and compensation. Private landowners typically (but not always) have rights to access, sell, or otherwise alienate, manage, withdraw resources and exclude outsiders |
Private | Private lands owned by individual and firms | Includes those lands where the rights cannot be unilaterally terminated by a government without due process or compensation |
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Deforestation/forest degradation is an issue for the region | Current drivers of deforestation and/or forest degradation* | Total current annual deforestation rate (%)** | Comments |
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Select one from:
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*This column only appears if the response to the previous column is "Yes" |
Numerical field **Note this column will not appear if “No” is selected in column 1". |
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By selecting "Yes" in response to "Deforestation / forest degradation is an issue for the region", you will be able to disclose the relevant drivers of deforestation and/or forest degradation for your region. You will also be able answer the questions under “Forest policy and implementation” and “Forest risks, impacts and opportunities” sections of the Forest module to provide information on how your region is managing deforestation and/or forest degradation
About the drivers of deforestation and/or forest degradation
This question only appears if you select "Mining” in response to 7.2.
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Select all that apply:
This question only appears if “Mining” is selected as a driver of deforestation and/or forest degradation in response to question 7.2. For the purpose of this question, there are two main activities that you can select. These activities refer to the large-scale mining (LSM) and artisanal or small-scale (ASM) operations occurring within the region. LSM refers to the activity of major companies as well as to mid-tier and junior-level companies or to any formal company that complies with international performance standards. ASM is used in a broad sense to refer to all kinds of local and often informal mining activities (Adapted from: World Bank, Mining together: large-scale mining meets artisanal mining – a guide for action). You can select all relevant types of mining activities operating with your region. If “Other, please specify” is selected, please specify the type of mining activity that you are referring to.
This question only appears if you select "Large-scale mining (LSM)” in response to 7.3.
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Regional government responsibility over issuing environmental permits | Please explain |
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Environmental permitting is a way of regulating specific industrial and commercial activities to protect the environment and human health, as defined by specific legislation or policies. For example, in England and Wales, the general requirements under the Mining Waste Directive for permitting includes (Adapted from: DEFRA 2010, Environmental Permitting Guidance: The Mining Waste Directive):
a) Ensuring that extractive waste is managed without endangering human health or causing pollution (Article 4(1)); and
b) Ensuring that the operator takes all the
necessary measures to prevent or reduce as far as possible any adverse effects
on the environment and human health (Article 4(2)). This includes:
- The management of waste facilities while operational;
- The management of waste facilities following closure; and
- The prevention of major accidents and limiting the consequences on the environment and human health.
This question only appears if you select "Yes - full” or "Yes - partial" in response to 7.4
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Factors considered in the process for issuing environmental permits | Scope covered | Please explain |
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Select all that apply: See drop-down options below |
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Scope covered drop-down options:
Environmental impacts
Socio-economic impacts
Mining closure plans
Other, please specify
Case study: British Columbia’s joint application information requirements for Mines Act and Environmental Management Act PermitsThe Mines Act (MA) permitting process, which for major mines is closely integrated with the Environmental Management Act (EMA) permitting process, includes geotechnical design and reclamation and closure plans.Mines Act permitting Applications for MA permits must include detailed designs for all project components and phases of mine life (exploration to closure). Proponents are expected to provide detailed engineering designs, management plans and monitoring programs. Planning needs to be sufficiently detailed in order to ensure the health and safety of mine personnel and the public, and the protection and reclamation of the land and watercourses affected by the mining activities. Environmental Management Act permitting There is emphasis on the environmental impact assessment (EIA) required as part of the application. Other requirements include:
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This question only appears if you select "Yes - partial” in response to 7.4.
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Other entities responsible | Please explain their involvement |
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This is a table question with the following fields:
This question only appears if you select "Artisanal or small-scale mining (ASM)” in response to 7.3.
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Region's management approach to ASM | Please explain |
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This table question has two following fields:
Case study: Intergovernmental Forum’s Mining Policy FrameworkExamples of ways of integrating informal ASM activities into the legal system: Creating clear legal frameworks and regulatory mechanisms to facilitate the organization of ASM, access to property rights and ensuing obligations for ASM; Providing technical support to build the capacity of government or other bodies tasked with regulating and supporting the sector. Examples of ways of integrating informal ASM activities into the formal economic system: Improving savings in the artisanal mining community, establishing more acceptable forms of financing and encouraging responsible investment; Strengthening the appropriateness, viability and transparency of policies and systems for collection, management and reinvestment of ASM revenue. Examples of reducing the social and environmental impacts of ASM: Providing technical training to improve productivity and to safeguard the environment, and developing, disseminating and enforcing regulations with a particular emphasis on safeguarding water sources, reducing deforestation; Promoting the inclusion of ASM in rural development and job creation policies such that, where desired and realistic, alternative livelihoods are promoted. Source: IGF Mining Policy Framework – Mining and Sustainable Development |
This question only appears if you select "Large-scale mining (LSM)" or "Artisanal or small-scale mining (ASM)" or "Other, please specify" in response to 7.3.
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This question focuses on whether states and regions are aware of the potential influence of mining operations on legally protected and internationally recognized areas. “Legally protected and internationally recognized areas” refer to protected areas that meets IUCN definition as well as the UNESCO World Heritage Sites, wetlands designated under the Ramsar Convention and Key Biodiversity Areas. If you select “Yes” to this question, a follow-up question (7.6a) will appear, which will request for the additional information regarding those legally protected and internationally recognized areas.
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.6.
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Name of area | Type of area | Protected Area category (IUCN classification)* | Please explain |
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Text field | Select all that apply:
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*Note this column only appears if “Protected Area” is selected in the previous column. |
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Ia) Strict Nature Reserve: Category Ia are strictly protected areas set aside to protect biodiversity and also possibly geological/geomorphical features, where human visitation, use and impacts are strictly controlled and limited to ensure protection of the conservation values. Such protected areas can serve as indispensable reference areas for scientific research and monitoring.
Ib) Wilderness Area: Category Ib protected areas are usually large unmodified or slightly modified areas, retaining their natural character and influence without permanent or significant human habitation, which are protected and managed so as to preserve their natural condition.
strong>II National Park: Category II protected areas are large natural or near natural areas set aside to protect large-scale ecological processes, along with the complement of species and ecosystems characteristic of the area, which also provide a foundation for environmentally and culturally compatible, spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational, and visitor opportunities.
III) Natural Monument or Feature: Category III protected areas are set aside to protect a specific natural monument, which can be a landform, sea mount, submarine cavern, geological feature such as a cave or even a living feature such as an ancient grove. They are generally quite small protected areas and often have high visitor value.
IV) Habitat/Species Management Area: Category IV protected areas aim to protect particular species or habitats and management reflects this priority. Many Category IV protected areas will need regular, active interventions to address the requirements of particular species or to maintain habitats, but this is not a requirement of the category.
V) Protected Landscape/ Seascape: A protected area where the interaction of people and nature over time has produced an area of distinct character with significant, ecological, biological, cultural and scenic value: and where safeguarding the integrity of this interaction is vital to protecting and sustaining the area and its associated nature conservation and other values.
VI) Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources: Category VI protected areas conserve ecosystems and habitats together with associated cultural values and traditional natural resource management systems. They are generally large, with most of the area in a natural condition, where a proportion is under sustainable natural resource management and where low-level non-industrial use of natural resources compatible with nature conservation is seen as one of the main aims of the area.
This question only appears if you select "No” in response to 7.2.
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Safeguards in place | Web link with additional information about the safeguard | Explain how the safeguard is implemented |
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The aim of this question is to collect information on how your region’s natural forest area is protected currently and any long-term interventions in place to manage deforestation and/or forest degradation. Please note that this is the only question that would appear if “Deforestation and/or forest degradation is not an issue for the region” is selected in question 8.2. Questions under the “Forest policy and implementation” and “Forest risks, impacts and opportunities” sections of the module will not appear.
This question has the following fields:
This question only appears if you select "Yes" in response to 7.2.
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Select from:
The aim of this question is to allow states and regions to report on all policies relating to the management of deforestation and/or forest degradation. When reporting on the policies, consider all levels of governance that may influence your region’s work on deforestation and/or forest degradation. These policies could cover those that are specific to the boundaries of the region or those from federal and national-levels. For example, state and regional governments play a vital role in making progress towards national reductions of emissions from deforestation and overall forest degradation as their efforts represent a vital link between pilot projects and full national implementation. If “Yes” is selected to this question, you will be asked to provide information on the policies you have that address deforestation and/or forest degradation. When reporting on the policy description and enforcement field, comment on how the region is contributing towards the implementation of the policies reported.
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.8.
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Policy name | Year enforced | Focus area | Drivers covered by the policy | Policy web link | Policy description and region's role in its enforcement |
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Text field | Numerical field | Select all that apply form:
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Select all that apply: Options pre-populated from drivers selected in question 7.2 |
Text field | Text field |
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This question allows states and regions to provide additional information policies relating to the management of deforestation and/or forest degradation. Forest policies deal specifically with forest resources and their management when treating: socio-economic factors related to increasing the performance of the sector; the role of the forest and tree resource in land use and rural development; and nature conservation and environmental protection (Source: FAO – Policy and legal aspects of sustainable forest management).
Forests must be managed in a much more interdependent and complex context which requires a partnership process among all major actors and beneficiaries. For this to happen, it is essential that forest policies recognize the diversity of interests related to forest conservation and utilization as well as the need to involve major interest groups in forest management decisions through consultations in which they can express their expectations and their role in sustainable forest management. The prevailing political system in each country will have to determine how divergent interests are to be harmonized and how the costs and benefits are to be shared among the main actors and beneficiaries. In addition, there is a need to adapt the policy framework regularly in response to real changes so that it continues to provide an effective incentive for the long-term management of forests for sustainable development(Source: FAO – Policy and legal aspects of sustainable forest management).
This is a table question with the following fields:
This question only appears if you select "No” or "Do not know" in response to 7.8.
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Reason | Please explain |
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This question allows states and regions to explain the primary reason as to why there are no policies on deforestation and/or forest degradation.This question is a table with the following fields:
This question only appears if you select "Yes" in response to 7.2.
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Select from:
Endorsing and taking part in recognized global initiatives indicates greater environmental stewardship and transparency. If “Yes” or “No, but intending to participate or endorse in the next 2 years” is selected, states and regions will be allowed to report on those initiatives and their overall involvement. CDP has listed the following initiatives/conventions:
This question only appears if you select "Yes” or "No, but intending to participate or endorse in the next 2 years" in response to 7.9.
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Global initiative/convention | Please describe your region’s involvement |
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This questions requests states and regions to select the different initiatives and conventions they currently or plan to participate in or endorse and to provide information on how the region’s overall involvement. This question has the following fields:
- Please select the “UN-REDD Programme” option if your region supports or is planning to support national REDD+ efforts. To see examples of subnational REDD+, please seeClimate Focus – The Why and How of Subnational REDD+
- Please select the “New York Declaration on Forests” option if your region is currently an endorser or is planning to be an endorser on the New York Declaration on Forests Global Platform.
- Please select the “Rio Branco Declaration” option if your region has pledged to the Declaration and is committed to reduce deforestation by 80% by 2020.
- Please select the “Bonn Challenge” option if your region has made a commitment and contributed towards the Bonn Challenge’s global effort to 150 million hectares of the world’s deforested and degraded land into restoration by 2020, and 350 million hectares by 2030.
- Please select the “UN Convention on Biological Diversity” option if the country your region is in has ratified the convention and your region is contributing to meet the convention’s main goals: conservation of biodiversity; sustainable use of biodiversity; fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.
- Please select the “UN Convention to Combat Desertification” option if the country your region is in has ratified the convention and your region is contributing to meet the convention’s main goals of combatting desertification and mitigating the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements.
- Please select the “World Heritage Convention” option if the country your region is in has ratified the convention and your region is contributing to meeting the convention’s aims to promote cooperation among nations to protect heritage around the world that is of such outstanding universal value that its conservation is important for current and future generations.
- Please select "Sustainable Development Goal 15" if your region is working towards achieving this goal to protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainable manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.
- Please select "Nature4Climate" if your region works as part of this initiative and work with the initiative's partners to protect, restore and fund nature-based solutions.
- Please select the “Other, please specify” option if you wish to report another initiative/convention not included in the options provided. Please specify the name of the initiative/convention in the text field provided.
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.2.
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Select from:
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.10.
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Target type | Drivers covered by the target | Target start year | Base year | Base year figure |
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Select all that apply: Options pre-populated from drivers reported in question 7.2. |
Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Target (%) | Target year | Percentage achieved so far | Please describe the target |
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Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Text field |
[Add Row]
This question requests the details of your region-wide targets to reduce deforestation and/or forest degradation. You can provide information on multiple targets by adding extra rows. Please complete the fields that are only relevant for your target. Use the “Please describe that target” field of this question to provide additional information about your target (e.g. if you are unable to provide numerical values relating to your target). The information you provide in this question will assist in making comparisons between states and regions. It will also help inform lessons learned that could assist other states and regions on their way to tackling deforestation and/or forest degradation or it could help further refine the collection of data on region-wide targets relating to this topic. This is a table question with the following fields:
- Any commitments or policies made by the region to which the target is linked
- Data used for the base year figure – e.g. total annual deforestation rate, natural forest cover during base year
- Website URL for your target if available
- Plans to meet the target
This question only appears if you select "No” or "Do not know" in response to 7.10.
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Reason | Please explain |
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This question allows states and regions to explain the primary reason as to why they currently do not have region-wide targets to address deforestation and/or forest degradation. This question is a table with the following fields:
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.2.
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Please select from:
Given the growing understanding of the complexity and systemic nature of the issues underlying continuing forest loss in many geographies, jurisdictional approaches are increasingly compelling. They contain the building blocks to align multiple stakeholders and incentive mechanisms around core, common interests such as responsible commodity production, improved economic growth and livelihood opportunities, and a resilient natural resource base that can continue to provide crucial ecosystem services (Source: WWF – Tackling Deforestation Through A Jurisdictional Approach).
While involvement of all stakeholders who can influence or are affected by deforestation and land use change is important, government commitment is key, including as a convenor, coordinator, legislator and enforcer. There is growing awareness of the value of ‘jurisdictional approaches’ with government leadership at sub-national level. Examples of such initiatives are emerging, where governments and their partners are actively seeking investment and partnerships to advance their goals, and where companies are starting to engage in jurisdictional approaches. Partnership and engagement in jurisdictional approaches can take many forms, supporting the goals and plans of the jurisdictional approach in different ways.
This question only appears if you select "Aware of jurisdictional approaches and implementing” in response to 7.11.
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Description of jurisdictional approach implemented | Focus area | Drivers addressed | International jurisdictional or landscape approach/method used | Does this approach follow a multi-stakeholder governance structure? | Does this approach include an assessment process? | Does this approach include a verification process? | Please explain |
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Text field | Select all that apply:
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Select all that apply: Options pre-populated from drivers reported in question 7.2 | Select from:
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This table question has the following fields:
Case study: Examples of jurisdictional approachesMato Grosso’s Produce, Conserve and Include strategy At the Paris COP21 conference, Governor Pedro Taques announced the state’s new Produce, Conserve and Include (PCI) strategy under which the government and all relevant stakeholders across the state would set and implement joint targets for production of soy and beef, conservation of forest cover, and inclusion of all segments of society. In the following months, a multi-stakeholder process articulated timebound goals for each of the strategy’s three prongs. Through this evolution, the PCI’s vision emerged: increased commodity production through intensification of production on already-cleared land; protection of remaining forests and restoration of forests cleared above the amount allowed by law; participation by family farms, indigenous peoples, and other traditional communities in the state’s development, leading to increased living standards. Acre: Using REDD+ as a tool for consolidating a green economy Acre’s jurisdictional initiative is overseen and managed by multi-stakeholder councils comprised of governmental and non-governmental organizations. An important innovation in this regard is the Commission for Validation and Monitoring, which is made up of four civil society organizations and four governmental organizations. Another avenue for non-governmental involvement was an extensive and highly acclaimed public consultation process used to develop the SISA law. Forest conservation will result from a comprehensive legislative and policy framework that creates substantial incentives to direct development activities in a forest-friendly manner. The state government is promoting income-generating activities that are not premised on clearing forested areas such as: fish farming, Brazil nut processing, manufacturing, wood flooring and furniture production using sustainably managed timber, and reforestation with rubber, acai, and other native species Source: WWF – Tackling Deforestation Through A Jurisdictional Approach |
This question only appears if you select "Aware of jurisdictional approaches but currently not implementing” in response to 7.11.
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Reason | Please explain |
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This question allows states and regions to explain the reasons as to why they are not implementing jurisdictional approaches. This question is a table with the following fields:
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.2.
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Forest management plan: A document that translates forest policies into a coordinated program for a forest management unit and for regulating production, environmental and social activities for a set period of time through the use of prescriptions specifying targets, action and control arrangements (Source: FAO - Guidelines for forest management planning).
Case study: About Forest Management PlanningPlanning is an active process requiring careful thought about what could or should happen in the future and involves the coordination of all relevant activities for the purpose of achieving specified goals and objectives. Planning is an integral component of forest management. It is used for determining and expressing the goals and objectives that government and other actors have, and for deciding the targets and steps that should be taken in order to achieve those objectives.Planning need not be a complicated process, but it requires clear objectives, which a government or other group aims to achieve. It requires imagination and a willingness to consider all points of view having relevance to a given situation. The planning process should lead to the formation of a balanced outlook from which proposals for effective management can be written. An element of flexibility is desirable and necessary in order to cope with unforeseen events, which could affect the achievement of the objectives. A range of information is used in planning to evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of alternative courses of action, which enables preferred options to be determined, coordinated with other activities, and expressed in writing. Information should be of good quality. Information of questionable quality should either be discarded or, if used, it should be noted that it is of poor quality and one of the activities of the plan should be acquiring better quality information. Source: FAO – Guidelines for forest management planning Forest management planning is important for many reasons. For example, it can:
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This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.12.
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Publication title and attachment | Year of publication | Focus area | Drivers covered by the plan | Stage of implementation | Please explain the process for implementing the plan |
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Text field | Numerical field | Select all that apply:
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Select all that apply: Options pre-populated from drivers reported in question 7.2 |
Select from:
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Text field |
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- Plan developed but not implemented – plan to implement actions has been developed and implementation tools have been identified.
- Plan being implemented – if your region has begun to implement actions from the forest management plan (execution).
- Implementation complete – if the actions identified in the plan have been fully implemented.
- Plan under development – your region has identified a vision and goals; and begun to organize resources to develop a plan.
- Plan update in progress – if your region has begun to update the forest management plan based on the progress and success of actions that have been executed.
- Other – if your plan is under a different stage of implementation that is not categorized by the options provided.
- The forest protection operations to be carried out.
- The forest development operations to be carried out, including silviculture.
- Other matters which are necessary or appropriate in order to implement management objectives effectively. This could include forest inventory, mapping, technical and social surveys, and public consultation. A management plan to be applied to State or private forest land should be approved by the Ministry responsible for forestry or other specified authority.
This question only appears if you select "No” or "Intending to publish in the next 2 years" in response to 7.12.
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Reason | Please explain |
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This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.2.
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Select one from:
This question allows states and regions to provide information on monitoring systems in place within their jurisdictions. The need to be able to accurately monitor forest cover and quality is crucial to understanding the costs of deforestation and/or forest degradation. Forest monitoring could include measurements of certain parameters of forests (physical, chemical, and biological) to determine baselines to detect and observe changes over time. Without monitoring and the robust statistics, understanding the loss of biodiversity and reduction of carbon sequestration capacity that results from deforestation becomes much more difficult (Adapted from: Global Forest Atlas – Forest Monitoring).
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.13.
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Description of data collected | Geographic scope covered by the monitoring | Frequency of data collection | Do the results of forest monitoring inform your region's overall strategy to managing forests? | Please explain |
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Case study: Forest monitoring in the AmazonForest monitoring in the Amazon basin is vital to map forest cover and identify areas of deforestation. Moreover, forest biomass measurement is a necessary step to identify total forest carbon stocks and establish baselines for carbon finance mechanisms such as REDD+. Forest inventory has traditionally been conducted by field plot measurements. H.H. Chapman and others at the Yale School of Forestry were some of the first foresters to develop a forest mensuration methodology in the United States. Today, allometric equations are then used to extrapolate total biomass and carbon content over a large scale. However, these biomass estimates vary between sites, and field plot measurements are costly and time consuming to replicate over a large area. Satellite data can be used to estimate forest cover across a large area at resolutions of 30 square meters for Landsat and 250 square meters for MODIS. A recent mapping project between the University of Maryland and Google created a detailed global map of forest cover change. Using Landsat images, the research confirmed a slowing down in Amazon forest cover loss in Brazil but increased deforestation in the dry forest area of the Cerrado and Chaco forest, in southern Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. Other studies using MODIS images also show the annual change in forest cover in South America. They found continued forest loss in the arc of deforestation extending from Para, Brazil, south to Mato Grosso, and west into Acre, while finding forest recovery in steep areas of the Andes, the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, and the dry Caatinga of northeast coastal Brazil. Source: Global Forest Atlas – Forest Inventory and Monitoring in the Amazon |
This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.2.
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It is important to provide details of your procedures for deforestation and/or forest degradation risk or vulnerability assessment so that CDP data users can consider the thoroughness of your region’s understanding of its forests-related risk exposure. If you have completed a risk assessment for your entire region, select “Yes”. If you have an environmental risk assessment that considers any inherent deforestation and/or forest degradation risks among other environmental issues, please select "Yes". Only select "No" if you have not conducted any form of risk assessment that included issues on deforestation and/or forest degradation.
“Risk”, as used in the Global Forest Watch’s Jurisdictional Risk Assessment, captures only deforestation that is achieved in a manner that is not permitted (e.g., by use of fire), or which takes place where certain laws and policies prohibit deforestation or conversion. Assessing the degree to which deforestation occurs in these areas helps to illuminate where background conditions may contribute to deforestation risk (Source: WWF – Using Public Data Platforms To Asses Deforestation Risks Within Jurisdictions)
This question only appears if you select "Yes, risks are assessed” or "Yes, risks are partially assessed" in response to 7.14.
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Risk assessment procedure | Forests-related issue assessed | Drivers assessed | Frequency of assessment | Tools and methods used to identify and assess risks |
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Issues considered | Stakeholders considered | Risk assessment web link | Please explain |
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It is important to describe your risk assessment coverage and content so that data users can understand the thoroughness of your risk assessment processes and whether your adopted risk assessment procedures are appropriate for the context and risks. Reporting the frequency of your risk assessments helps demonstrate whether these aspects of your assessments are appropriate for the context and risks reported.
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This question only appears if you select "No, risks are not assessed” or "Do not know" in response to 7.14.
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This question allows you to explain the primary reason as to why the region has not undertaken/has not been requested to undertake a risk assessment relating to deforestation and/or forest degradation. This question is a table with the following fields:
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Deforestation and forest degradation are major concerns for forest users and managers because it threatens their livelihoods. Deforestation not only leads to a reduction of available forest, it may also have adverse effects on the productivity, biodiversity and health of nearby remaining forests. For this question, please report whether the impact of deforestation and/or forest degradation presents significant risks to your region, by selecting “Yes”, “Do not know” or “No”. If you select “Yes” or "Do not know", you will be directed to questions 7.15a. If you select “No”, you will be directed to question 7.15b.
Deforestation and forest degradation can have severe socio-economic consequences: for example, it can threaten the livelihoods, cultures and survival of people who depend on forests, including indigenous peoples; weaken local and national economies; trigger social conflicts over natural resources; and cause population displacements. When identifying impacts of deforestation and/or forest degradation, states and regions should think objectively of the ways in which these issues will affect their region’s ability to conduct business as usual as well as the risks associated to their citizens.
This question only appears if you select "Yes” or "Do not know" in response to 7.15.
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Impacts | Forests-related issue causing the impact | Driver causing the impact | Anticipated timescale | Impact seriousness |
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Impact description | Primary action taken | Status of action | Action description |
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Primary action drop-down options:
This question allows states and regions to report on the current or anticipated impacts of deforestation and/or forest degradation as well as the primary actions they are taking to address these impacts. The FAO’s Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Toolbox has a module on reducing deforestation has provided additional information and guidelines on how to address deforestation by:
-Identify deforestation areas (location and extent) using the most recent data obtained from existing monitoring systems or remote sensing, complemented by historical data, local knowledge, relevant reports and statistics, and an assessment of potential future threats in order to anticipate and minimize risk.
- Analyze the specific drivers based on data obtained from existing monitoring systems, local knowledge, and other available sources of information.
- Evaluate the impact of drivers at the local, national and, where possible, global scales, looking beyond the forest sector and considering the relationship of such drivers to all land-use activities.
- Analyze the underlying drivers, particularly those at the international level. This may need to be done using economic and social indicators, statistical analyses and modelling. It should include the mapping of the main actors associated with specific deforestation drivers and with forest restoration drivers.
- Collect qualitative information from stakeholders in order to understand the dynamics of the drivers. Of particular interest are the views of stakeholders living or working in areas where deforestation or forest degradation occur, and those living or working at sites that are showing signs of forest recovery. Such information can be gathered through, for example, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisals, and livelihood analysis, including household surveys.
-Taking a holistic approach that considers all scales: The drivers of deforestation are dynamic and interlinked and should therefore be addressed holistically. Because they occur at many scales (from local to global), strategies must integrate actions at various scales. Addressing regional or global drivers of deforestation is especially challenging and requires collaboration among countries.
- Different types of interventions: At all scales, three kinds of interventions may be considered: 1) incentives; 2) disincentives; and 3) creating an enabling environment. The table provides examples in each of these categories of measures that might be taken at various scales.
- Actions to reduce deforestation should be formulated and implemented with the engagement of all stakeholders in order to achieve legitimacy and buy-in. Because the most powerful drivers of deforestation are outside the forest sector, a cross-sectoral approach is crucial. An assessment of sectoral policies (e.g. forest, agriculture, mining, infrastructure and energy sectors), integrated land-use planning (e.g. a landscape approach), and the commitment to action by actors across sectors, are all essential for aligning sectoral interests in efforts to combat deforestation. Strategies should take into account the impacts of proposed actions on food security, local livelihoods, and climate-change mitigation and adaptation.
This is a table question with the following fields:
- Current – If your region is already experiencing the identified effect of deforestation and/or forest degradation.
- Short term – If you anticipate your region will experience the effect of deforestation and/or forest degradation by 2025.
- Medium term – If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect of deforestation and/or forest degradation between 2026 and 2050.
- Long term – If you anticipate your region will experience the identified effect of deforestation and/or forest degradation after 2051.
- Unknown – If the information as to when your region will experience the identified effect of deforestation and/or forest degradation is not available.
This question only appears if you select "No” in response to 7.15.
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Reason | Please explain |
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This question only appears if you select "Yes” in response to 7.2.
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Case study: Examples of benefits associated with forestsFood security and nutrition For example, a vital way in which forests contribute to food security and nutrition is in the provision of wood fuel as a household energy source. A sustainable energy supply is essential for proper and safe food and water use and therefore for family health. Likewise, the most recognized contribution of forests to food security and nutrition is the direct provision of forest foods, which can support a nutritious and diverse diet. Plants and animals found in forests provide important nutrient-rich dietary supplements, add variety to the bland diets common in rural, food-insecure households, and improve the taste and palatability of staple foods. Source: FAO – Forests, Food security and Nutrition Health and well-being Studies in countries such as Australia, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States indicate the significant benefits of trees, woodlands and green spaces to people’s overall health and well-being. There are many ways in which to categorize such benefits, but primarily the categories are physical, psychological and social. Benefits can be gained from being active in nature (e.g. walking or cycling in forests), and by viewing nature, for example while in transit between or within urban areas. In many developing countries, forests are central to cultures and ways of life — agricultural and forestry practices may be impossible to separate from beliefs and values. In Borneo, for example, rice cultivation in swidden systems is a central activity of Kenyah Dayak women. Without the forest (or access to it), this subsistence system, and the accompanying culture and way of life, would be endangered. Source: FAO – Health Benefits from Forests |
This question only appears if you select "Yes” or "Do not know" in response to 7.16.
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Opportunity | Describe how the region is maximizing this opportunity |
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Sustainable forest management: The process of managing a forest for achieving the continuous production of desired forest products and services without reducing its inherent values, future productivity and avoiding undesirable social-environmental effects (Source: modified from ITTO).
This question only appears if you select "No” in response to 7.16.
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1. Agriculture sector (6 possible actions)
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3. Energy sector (22 possible actions)
4. Finance & Economy sector (15 possible actions)
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6. Industry sector (7 possible actions)
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8. Transport sector (14 possible actions)
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10. Water sector (4 possible actions)
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Flood mapping
Heat mapping and thermal imaging
Landslide risk mapping
Sea level rise modelling
Biodiversity monitoring
Real time risk monitoring
Crisis management including warning and evacuation systems
Crisis planning and practice exercises
Public preparedness (including practice exercises/drills)
Community engagement/education
Projects and policies targeted at those most vulnerable
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Economic diversification measures
Flood defences – development and operation & storage
Storm water capture systems
Additional reservoirs and wells for water storage
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Implementing nature-based solutions for water
Tree planting and/or creation of green space
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White roofs
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Cooling systems for critical infrastructure
Retrofit of existing buildings
Cooling centers, pools, water parks/plazas
Cool pavement
Water extraction protection
Promoting low flow technologies
Water butts/rainwater capture
Xeriscapes – low water landscaping design
Maintenance/repair – leaking infrastructure
Optimizing delivery fuel mix of water supply
Improve water supply distribution method
Promoting and incentivizing water efficiency
Water use restrictions and standards
Water efficient equipment and appliances
Water smart metering
Water use audits
Awareness campaign/education to reduce water use
Diversification of water supply
Other
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