Appendix B (Adaptation actions)
Engineered and built environment actions
- Sea walls and coastal protection structures
- Flood defence, such as flood levees and culverts
- Water storage and pump storage
- Sewage works
- Improved drainage
- Beach nourishment
- Flood and cyclone shelters
- Building codes
- Storm and wastewater management
- Transport and road infrastructure adaptation
- Floating houses
- Increase resilience of and/or diversify power/energy supply
- Smart metering in households
- Municipal water efficiency retrofits
- Upgrading existing water supply infrastructure
- Diversifying water supply (including new sources)
- White roofs
- Shading in public spaces
- Cooling centres, pools, water parks/plazas
- Cool pavement
- Resilience and resistance measures for buildings
- Hazard resistant infrastructure design and construction
- Permeable pavements
- Other, please specify
Technological actions
- New crop and animal varieties
- Genetic techniques
- Traditional technologies and methods
- Water saving technologies (including rainwater harvesting)
- Water recycling/reclamation
- Conservation agriculture
- Cold food storage, preservation and/or distribution facilities
- Building Insulation
- Mechanical and passive cooling
- Renewable energy technologies
- Second-generation biofuels
- Other, please specify
Ecosystem-based actions
- Ecological restoration (including wetland and floodplain conservation and restoration)
- Increasing biological diversity
- Biodiversity monitoring
- Afforestation and reforestation
- Conservation and replanting mangrove forest
- Bushfire reduction and prescribed fire
- Green infrastructure
- Controlling overfishing
- Fisheries co-management
- Assisted migration or managed translocation
- Ecological corridors
- Ex situ conservation and seed banks
- Community-based natural resource management
- Adaptive land-use management
- Watershed preservation
- Soil retention strategies
- Other, please specify
Services actions
- Social safety nets and social protection
- Food donation and redistribution of food surplus
- Municipal services to reduce food waste (including composting)
- Municipal services (including water and sanitation)
- Vaccination programs
- Essential public health services
- International trade
- Other, please specify
Educational/Informational actions
- Public preparedness (including exercises/drills)
- Community engagement/education
- Community engagement/awareness campaigns on the climate and health benefits of sustainable healthy diets
- Engagement with retailers (including restaurants) to expand and encourage sustainable, healthy food choices
- Early warning and response systems
- Systematic monitoring and remote sensing
- Undertaken source-related studies to understand sources of air pollution
- Measuring days with extreme air pollution due to climate events
- Measuring indoor air quality
- Flood mapping
- Heat mapping and thermal imaging
- Landslide risk mapping
- Sea level rise modelling
- Real time risk monitoring
- Other, please specify
Behavioural actions
- Accommodation
- Managed retreat/planned relocation
- Soil and water conservation
- Livelihood diversification
- Changing livestock and aquaculture practices
- Changing cropping practices, patterns, and planting dates (including crop-switching)
- Citizen dietary shift
- Use of non-potable water
- Silvicultural options
- Other, please specify
Economic actions
- Financial incentives (including taxes and subsidies)
- Insurance (including index-based weather insurance schemes)
- Catastrophe bonds
- Revolving funds
- Payments for ecosystem services
- Water tariffs
- Savings groups
- Microfinance
- Disaster contingency funds
- Cash transfers
- Economic diversification measures
- Financial support to expand local food production (including urban agriculture programs, community gardens, etc.)
- Financial support to improve market access for local food producers
- Other, please specify
Laws and regulations actions
- Land zoning laws (including restrict development in at risk areas)
- Land zoning laws to increase local food access (including grocery stores, farmers markets, community gardens, etc.)
- Preservation of local and regional agricultural space
- Building standards
- Easements
- Water use restrictions
- Water efficiency regulations or standards
- Enforcement of abstraction licenses
- Law to support disaster risk reduction
- Laws to encourage insurance purchasing
- Protected areas
- Fishing quotas
- Patent pools and technology transfer
- Other, please specify
Government policies and programs actions
- Development of targeted plan/program to address hazard(s) selected
- Disaster planning and preparedness
- Adaptive management
- Ecosystem-based management
- Sustainable forest management
- Fisheries management
- Community-based adaptation
- Disease prevention measures
- Air quality initiatives
- Public health policies to improve nutrition (including improved access to healthy foods)
- Public policies to encourage citizen dietary shift to sustainable, healthy diets (including incentivizing purchase of low-carbon foods, plant-based or alternative proteins)
- Municipal/jurisdictional food procurement policies that align with guidelines for sustainable, healthy diets (including school procurement, etc.)
- Municipal/jurisdictional food procurement policies that support sustainable food production practices (including school procurement, etc.)
- Other, please specify
No adaptation action in place
- We are currently undertaking one and it will be complete in the next year
- We are intending to undertake one in the next two years
- We are not intending to undertake, specify why
- Other, please specify
Other, please specify
