CDP Cities 2018 Reporting Guidance
Introduction to CDP
CDP is a global environmental impact non-profit helping investors, companies and cities assess their environmental impact and take urgent action to build a truly sustainable economy.
High quality, relevant information is the fundamental basis for action and we help investors, companies and cities to measure, understand and address their environmental impact. The world’s economy looks to CDP as the gold standard of environmental reporting with the richest and most comprehensive dataset on corporate and city action. We aim to make environmental reporting mainstream and provide the detailed insights and analysis to drive the urgent action needed for a climate safe, water secure, deforestation free world.
Introduction to CDP’s cities program
CDP offers a voluntary climate change reporting platform for city governments. The program provides the world’s first global platform for municipal governments to disclose greenhouse gas emissions, climate change risks, and mitigation and adaptation strategies. CDP collects and delivers materially relevant data for cities, the private sector, and other stakeholders.
The World’s Renewable Energy Cities is CDP Cities’ latest report, analyzing the data disclosed to CDP by over 570 cities in 2017 to show that 100 cities now get at least 70% of their electricity from renewable sources. Other recent outputs include ‘Who’s tacking urban water challenges’ which highlights how to improve water security for all, as well as ‘It takes a city: The case for collaborative climate action’ which illustrates the emerging case for collaborative climate action between cities, regions, businesses and investors.
The CDP Cities 2018 questionnaire
The CDP Cities 2018 questionnaire is composed of a series of sections. Each section asks questions about an aspect of your city including; GHG emissions, hazards and adaptation, governance, water, opportunities from climate change, strategies for mitigating emissions, and strategies for adapting to changes in the climate.
Cities are asked to respond to the Questionnaire using the Online Response System (ORS) which can be accessed through the individual activation link sent by email to users by CDP. If you are unable to respond via the ORS, please email [email protected].
This document contains extended question specific guidance which is intended to help respondents to the questionnaire to report their data with the highest degree of understanding, and has been developed in tandem with the ‘help text’ that exists within the online response system. Questions that relate to the reporting requirements of the Global Covenant of Mayors also feature extended question-specific compliance guidance.
Important information
For any technical or system enquires please contact [email protected].
This also extends to any enquires related to amendments to your response. Upon contacting [email protected] our team will place your response in ‘amendment status’ meaning that you can access the ORS post-submission to make a change. In this case the ORS will ask you about the changes to questions that you have made, so please keep a detailed track of all changes.
However, depending on the timing of an amendment, we ask cities to understand that the changes may not be reflected in CDPs outputs, such as Cities Analytics and reports, which may have already been produced based on the previously submitted figures.
Acknowledgements
CDP would like to thank the following people and organizations for their assistance in developing the CDP Cities 2018 questionnaire and guidance documents:
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Ajani Ismail Adeleke, Ibadan |
Alessandra Elia, Naples |
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Björn Grönholm, Union of the Baltic Cities |
Cathy Nangini & others, LSCE |
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Cecilia Fernandez, Toronto |
Charlotte Lejop, Paris |
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Chris Pountney, AECOM |
City of Ravenna |
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Cristiana Scarpa, Venice |
Estefania Riberio, Brumadinho Municipality |
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Flavia Tonioli, Miami Beach |
Georg Hafner, Zurich |
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Helena Andersson, Gotland |
Ibrahima Djitte, Commune de Dioudoubou |
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Inês Silva, Guimarães |
Is'haaq Akoon, City of Ekurhuleni |
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Jaanus Tamm, Tartu |
Jairo Garcia, City of Atlanta |
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Janet Fogg, Cambridge |
Jeff Sovich, City of Greensboro |
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John Griffiths, Melbourne |
Jorge Cristino, Guimarães |
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Kerina Singh, Pietermaritzburg |
Kerina Singh, Pietermaritzburg |
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Leila Soraya Menezes, Brasília, Distrito Federal |
Maria Amor A. Salandanan, City of Santa Rosa |
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Mary Chan, Tampico |
Melchiorina Mirella Iacono, Torino |
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Mike Steinhoff, ICLEI-USA |
Mildreth Liliana Gonzalez Cuadros, Bucaramanga |
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Molly Saylor, Fort Collins |
Mundhir Abdallah Mohamed, Moroni |
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Nahuel Pugliese, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires |
Nasha, Saskatoon |
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Nicola Luca Sgaramella, Monza |
Nicola Luca Sgaramella, Municipality of Monza |
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Omar Salazar Paternina, Sincelejo |
Pamela Lucia Bravo Ortiz, Muncipalidad de Miraflores |
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Paula Rezende Rios, Betim |
Rachael Schaffner, Fayetteville |
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Salum Hamisi Kidungwe, Dar es Salaam City Council |
Shanju Xie, Auckland |
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Sofia Widforss, WWF One Planet City |
Thomas Herrod, Denver |
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Valquiria, Lima |
Warren Brooke, The City of Calgary |
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Wendy Goodfriend, San Francisco |
Wild Ndipo, Blantyre |
Introduction
Introduction
0.1 Please give a general description and introduction to your city including your city’s reporting boundary in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Administrative boundary | Description of city |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Question 0.1 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
Identify the administrative boundary of your city by selecting the most appropriate response from the following list of values:
- City / Municipality – a city, town, village or borough, etc. with some degree of general purpose self-governance.
- Local government area within a city / metropolitan area – a sub-tier of local government responsible for local services not overseen by the executive governing body (e.g., the City of London local authority within the Greater London Authority).
- Independent city – a city or town that does not form part of another local government entity (e.g., cities within U.S. States that are independent from county-level government such as Baltimore, Maryland or Carson City, Nevada; the German Kreisfreie Stadt or Stadtkreis such as Leipzig and München).
- Special city – cities or districts with special administrative status as compared to other similar urban areas (e.g., Seoul, South Korea; Kiev, Ukraine; Hong Kong Special administrative region).
- Federal district – a type of administrative division of a federation under the direct control of a federal government (e.g., Brasilia, Brazil; Washington, District of Columbia, USA; México, Distrito Federal, Mexico).
- Sovereign city-state – a state consisting of a sovereign city and its dependencies (e.g., Singapore; Vatican City).
- Metropolitan area – a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding areas (e.g., an urban area closely linked economically and socially, such as a commuting catchment area).
- County – a geographical region that forms a subnational or substate division of governance that may include a number of cities, town, villages, etc. (e.g., Northumberland, UK).
- Other area
You are also asked to give a description of your city. The information provided here will assist CDP in drawing upon distinctions, similarities, and comparative features between cities in terms of their community emissions as well as tools and successes in mitigating and adapting to climate change. Information that could be provided includes:
- Location, boundaries, geographic characteristics, and natural features
- Climatic characteristics
- Demographic characteristics (size of residential and commuter population)
- Features of the local and regional economy
- Unique and attractive characteristics
- Areas of global and/or economic competitiveness
- Changes in urban form and urban growth over the short to medium term, and projected changes in the coming medium to long term
- Institutional governance frameworks of the city, and relationship or jurisdictional matters to regional and national governments
0.2 If you have not previously submitted a Letter of Commitment to the Global Covenant of Mayors, please attach your Letter of Commitment here, signed by an appropriately mandated official (e.g. Mayor, City Council). Please click here to download the template of the Letter of Commitment.
Response Options
Please attach the relevant document here.
Question 0.2 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
To join the Global Covenant of Mayors initiative, please visit the Global Covenant website and download the Letter of Commitment template. Once the mayor, or equivalent legal representative authority, has signed the letter of commitment, the city is asked to comply with a series of requirements over a timeframe of three years.
Cities whose commitments have already been acknowledged by the Global Covenant do not need to reattach their letter.
City Details
0.3 Please provide information about your city’s Mayor or equivalent legal representative authority in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Leader title | Leader name | Current term start year | Current term end year | Total time in office (years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Text field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Question 0.3 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This is a table question which asks for details about your mayor and their time in office. The table provided has the following field headers:
Leader title
State the official title of your mayor.
Leader name
State the full name of your mayor.
Current term start year
State the year in which year your Mayor began their current term.
Current term end
State the year in which your Mayor‘s current term ends. The Mayor’s end of term is defined by the year when elections to select (or continue the current Mayor’s term) a new mayor are scheduled to occur.
Total time in office (years)
Provide the total number of years that your city’s leader has been in office.
0.4 Please select the currency used for all financial information disclosed throughout your response.
Response Options
Select from Appendix A.
Question 0.4 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
Select from the currencies provided, the full list can be seen in Appendix A of the questionnaire.
The currency selected here will be used for all financial information throughout your response and auto-populated within question tables, such as GDP, operating budget and costs of planned resilience projects in your city.
This should be your preferred currency to report financial information, rather than necessarily the currency of your jurisdiction, as for some cities this may not be appropriate for estimating some project costs.
0.5 Please provide details of your city's annual operating budget, in the currency reported in question 0.4.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Annual operating budget | Budget year start | Budget year end |
|---|---|---|
| Numerical field | Drop-down calendar: From | Drop-down calendar: To |
Question 0.5 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This table question is to identify the amount of funding for your city’s annual operating budget and the time period allocated. The annual operating budget for a city sets out proposed appropriations for a fiscal year to enable the city to function, provide services, and meet financial requirements. The annual budget for a city is typically comprised of several parts including: the expense budget, which sets out proposed appropriations for operating expenditures for municipal services; the capital budget and program, which sets out proposed appropriations for capital projects; and the revenue budget, which sets out the estimated revenues and receipts of the local government.
Annual operating budget
State your annual operation budget figure as a number.
Budget year start
Select the starting date of your budget year.
Budget year end
Select the closing date of your budget year.
0.6 Please provide details of your city’s current and projected population.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Current population | Current population year | Projected population | Projected population year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Question 0.6 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question asks about your city’s current population size and how it is forecast to change in the future.
Current population
Give the current population, the number of residents within your city boundaries [as reported in question 0.1] as a whole number.
Current population year
State the year for which the population figure was determined in numerical form.
Projected population
State the projected population of your city as a number.
Projected population year
State the year for which the projected population figure is estimated to be reached, in numerical form.
0.7 Please provide details of your city’s GDP in the currency reported in question 0.4.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| GDP | Year of GDP | Source |
|---|---|---|
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Text field |
Question 0.7 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
A city’s gross domestic product (GDP) is defined by the OECD as a measure for “final goods and services produced by a … [city] during a period minus the value of imports”.
GDP
Provide the most current value available of your city’s gross domestic product in your native currency, or the currency used for calculation.
Year of GDP
State the year for which the GDP value you are reporting was calculated in numerical form.
Source
State by whom the GDP was calculated. E.g. was it calculated by your city government or did you employ a reference source? Please elaborate on which reference was used, if any.
Where internal data is not available, estimates are acceptable when the source is disclosed, for example: Bureau of Economic Analysis - US cities by GDP
0.8 Please provide further details about the geography of your city.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Average annual temperature (in Celsius) | Land area (in square km) | Average altitude (m) | Longitude (e.g. -120.9762) | Latitude (e.g. 41.25) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Question 0.8 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
Average annual temperature (in Celsius)
State the current average annual temperature as a one decimal figure in °C.
Land area
State the land area within your city boundaries as a one decimal figure in km2. Please provide the land area that is reflective of your emissions inventory boundary and the year of your reported emissions inventory.
Average altitude
State the average altitude (elevation above mean average sea level) of your city area as a one decimal figure in meters.
Longitude (e.g. -120.9762)
State your city’s longitude (of the city’s point of reference or most central point) in degrees 0 to 180 (for all cities east of the prime meridian) or 0 to -180 (for all cities west of the prime meridian).
Latitude (e.g. 41.25)
State your city’s latitude (of the city’s point of reference or most central point) in degrees 0 to 90 (for all cities north of the equator) or 0 to -90 (for all cities south of the equator).
Governance & Data Management
Governance
1.0 Please describe the impact of national and/or regional climate change activities on your city’s own climate change activities.
Response Options
This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
Guidance
Current and/or expected state, regional, national or global governmental policy on climate change may influence your city’s climate change policies. Regulations for instance may inhibit the ability of a city to meet financial targets or to enact locally appropriate programs for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Or regulations could dictate the emissions reduction targets for your city.
The intent of this question is to understand the dynamic between the local government and the regional and/or national government. How are your city’s actions and targets influenced by the national and/ or regional government?
1.1 Please describe how your city manages overall responsibility for climate change mitigation (emissions reduction) and adaptation (climate risk reduction).
Response Options
This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
Guidance
The intent of this question is to understand how climate change mitigation and adaptation is measured, monitored and managed within your city. This includes information about the governance structures and departments responsible for each.
Mitigation
Climate Change Mitigation refers to efforts to reduce or prevent emission of greenhouse gases. Mitigation can mean using new technologies and renewable energies, making older equipment more energy efficient, or changing management practices or consumer behavior. If relevant, details offered could include the following: department, committee, or person responsible for climate mitigation related activities; information on frequency of actions or reporting; next steps for governance and planned future changes; governance challenges encountered; and stakeholder engagement processes.
Adaptation
Climate change adaptation is the process of preparing for, and adjusting proactively to, climate change. Describe how your city plans and reviews its efforts to adapt to a changing climate (that is, reducing the probability of a risk occurring and reducing vulnerabilities to such a risk). If relevant, details offered could include the following: department, committee, or person responsible for climate adaptation related activities; information on frequency of actions or reporting; next steps for governance and planned future changes; governance challenges encountered; and stakeholder engagement processes.
1.2 Please describe the administrative structure of your government.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Administrative structure | Description of administrative structure |
|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Text field |
Question 1.2 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
The purpose of this question is to understand your jurisdiction’s administrative structure, as this can influence local capacity to undertake climate adaptation planning, or can affect the issues and sectors that are the focus of your jurisdiction’s adaptation efforts.
Administrative structure
Identify the type of administrative structure under which your jurisdiction operates. The available responses in the drop down menu include:
- One-tiered – a jurisdiction with one level of local government, such as a unitary authority, responsible for all public administration functions within its jurisdictional area.
- Multi-tiered – a jurisdiction with multiple interacting authority structures responsible for local governance.
- Pluralized – non-hierarchical governance shared between state and non-state entities
Description of administrative structure
Provide further clarification about the answer you have provided in the previous question. Briefly describe (250 words or less) the administrative structure of your jurisdiction and the administrative area within its control. You can also provide more information about the regional context, relationships with surrounding jurisdictions or the next level of government.
1.3 Please provide details on your city’s annual revenue sources.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Revenue source | Percentage of annual revenue |
|---|---|
| National / central government | Percentage field |
| Regional / state / provincial government | Percentage field |
| Local taxes | Percentage field |
| Levies and fees | Percentage field |
| Operational revenues | Percentage field |
| Other: please specify | Percentage field |
Question 1.3 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
Indicate the percentage of your city’s annual revenue sources to come from each source, the percentages provided in this field must sum 100%
1.4 Does your city incorporate sustainability goals and targets (e.g. GHG reductions) into the master planning for the city?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Guidance
A master plan describes and maps an overall development concept, including present and future land use, urban design and landscaping, built form, infrastructure, circulation and service provision. It is based upon an understanding of place and it is intended to provide a structured approach to creating a clear and consistent framework for development (definition taken from the Scottish government).
If Yes is selected in response to 1.4:
1.4a Please detail which goals and targets are incorporated in your city’s master plan and describe how these goals are addressed in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Goal type | How are these goals/targets addressed in the city master plan? |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
The purpose of this question is to understand which sustainability goals or targets your city is implementing in their master plan and is thus impacting on city-wide development planning, further asking for detail of how each target is being addressed.
Goal type
Identify the type of goals and targets that are incorporated in your city’s master plan. The available responses in the drop down menu include:
- Emissions reduction targets;
- Adaptation targets;
- Renewable energy targets;
- Energy efficiency targets;
- Other – a sustainability goal or target in another strategic area such as health or community.
How are these goals/targets addressed in the city master plan?
Provide further clarification about the answer you have provided in the previous question. Briefly describe (250 words or less) how each goal or target is incorporated in your city’s master plan. You can also provide more information about the regional context, relationships with surrounding jurisdictions or the next level of government.
Data Management
1.5 Does the Mayor have a statutory duty (legal responsibility) to reduce greenhouse gases?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes, driven by the regional level
- Yes, driven by the national level
- Yes, driven by the city
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Indicate whether there is, and at what level, a formal enactment of legislative authority that requires that your Mayor is responsible for reductions of greenhouse gas emissions within your city.
1.6 How many staff (FTE) work on topics related to climate change mitigation and adaptation?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Mitigation | Adaptation |
|---|---|
| Numerical field | Numerical field |
Guidance
Indicate the number of resources within your city government allocated to climate change mitigation (either reducing the sources of greenhouse gases or enhancing "sinks" to accumulate and store gasses) and climate change adaptation (adjusting to actual or expected future climate).
1.7 How many staff (FTE) does your city have for environmental related data management? (including collecting, storing, analysing and communicating).
Response Options
Numerical field.
Guidance
Indicate how many staff members (or full time equivalent) are employed to manage and curate the data generated within your team for specific projects or ongoing programmes.
1.8 How would you characterize the data management of your city and department?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| City | Department |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
|
Guidance
Indicate the level in which your department manages, governs, uses and controls data and information as an asset.
1.9 What tools does your city / department use to manage its environmental related data?
Response Options
Select all that apply:
- Microsoft excel
- Enterprise (packaged) software
- Custom designed software
- Other: please specify
Guidance
This question asks about what software your city / department uses to manage environmental related data. Data management refers to the collection, processing, analysis, storage and communication of data.
1.10 What tools does your city / department use to analyse its environmental related data?
Response Options
Select all that apply:
- Microsoft excel
- Statistical Software - SPSS, SAS, etc.
- Visualization/Analysis Software - Tableau, Qlik, etc
- We do not analyse our environmental data
Guidance
This question aims to understand the software tools used by your city / department to analyse environmental related data. Data analysis refers to the research, organisation and manipulation of data in a way that brings about useful information.
1.11 Does your city have a team dedicated to data analysis (e.g., data analytics staff, performance management staff, evaluation staff, chief data officer, etc.)?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- The city does not have a team dedicated to data analysis
- The city has a team dedicated to data analysis that supports some departments, but our engagement with them is limited
- The city has a team dedicated to data analysis city-wide
1.12 Has your city's Mayor or equivalent legal authority communicated their commitment to governing with data publicly to city residents (e.g., through public remarks, press releases, etc.)?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Hazards and Adaptation
Section Overview
This section asks how climate change is affecting your city now and may affect it in the future. Further information regarding climate change adaptation analysis is available from the following sources:
- UKCIP Adaptation Wizard by UKCIP
- Handbook on Methods for Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies by UNEP
- City Climate Hazard Taxonomy by C40 and ARUP
Questions 2.0-2.3 ask about your city’s risk or vulnerability assessment processes. A climate change risk and vulnerability assessment is used to determine the nature and extent of risks posed by climate change. This is done by analyzing potential future climate hazards and evaluating existing vulnerabilities to understand the seriousness of the potential impacts on people, assets, services, livelihoods and the environment.
When identifying impacts from climate change, cities should think objectively of the ways in which changes in the climate conditions will affect their city’s ability to conduct business as usual. Information about impacts associated with climate change can be found on the website of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in the report by Working Group II, " Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability "
Climate risk assessment considers the likely frequency of a climate hazard and magnitude of their impacts in a given place or population, based on the exposure of assets to the effects of a hazard, and the vulnerability of the population to loss or damage (IPCC, AR5 WGII SPM, 2014; UNISDR, 2012).
Information about the Climate Hazards faced by cities and driving their exposure to climate risks is sought in questions 2.2. Climate hazards are defined as dangerous climate-related physical events that may cause loss of life, injury, or other health impacts, as well as damage and loss to property, infrastructure, livelihoods, service provision, ecosystems, and environmental resources.
Adaptation is covered in Questions 3.0 to 3.3. These questions examine the actions your city takes to adapt to the risks of climate change.
Social risk should be considered in Question 4.0. Climate change can have profound social effects. The latest IPCC report links physical and social risks of climate change very clearly in chapters 11-13. E.g. droughts may reduce water availability to urban households which reduces hygiene levels and may increase disease burden.
Climate Hazards
2.0 Has a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment been undertaken for your local government area?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
Question 2.0 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
All cities are required to conduct and publish a city-wide risk and/or vulnerability assessment within two years of committing to the Global Covenant of Mayors. The risk or vulnerability assessment does not have a specific time frame requirement, but it must cover the whole city boundary and it must consider both current and future climate conditions. Assessments that cover areas larger than the city boundary must specifically refer to hazards that impact or will impact the city to be considered compliant.
A climate change risk assessment is a qualitative and/or quantitative scientific estimation of risks caused by climate change. Climate change risks are usually defined as the potential for consequences where something of human value (including humans themselves) is at stake and where the outcomes is uncertain. Climate risk is often represented as the probability of occurrence of hazardous climate events or trends multiplied by the consequence of these events occurring.
A climate change vulnerability assessment is a qualitative and/or quantitative assessment of the degree to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with, adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity.
Guidance
Please respond to indicate whether your city has undertaken a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment by selecting the most relevant option from the drop down menu. If you select “Yes” or “In progress” you will be directed to Q 2.0a, and also to Q 2.0b and 2.1 with “Yes”.
The effects of climate change may pose a significant risk to your city’s future development. A climate change risk or vulnerability assessment is a qualitative or quantitative scientific estimation the risks from, hazards associated or vulnerability to climate change. These assessments are most usually done within the context of a decision-making or planning process to address climate change impacts.
Before developing an adaptation plan, it is important to understand how climate change is likely to affect your city - this is usually done by conducting a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment.
A vulnerability assessment is the analysis of the expected impacts, risks and the adaptive capacity of your city to the effects of climate change.
A high-quality vulnerability assessment involves engagement with a broad range of stakeholders. It is important to recognize the diverse expertise that different stakeholders provide Broad engagement can result in identification of previously overlooked areas of vulnerability or in a more nuanced understanding of the root cause of vulnerabilities and hence better-targeted adaptation responses.
More can be read about creating a climate risk or vulnerability assessment in both the:
If Yes or In progress is selected in response to 2.0:
2.0a Please select the primary process or methodology used to undertake the risk or vulnerability assessment of your city.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Primary methodology | Description |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Answering this question will provide important information for other cities which are assessing their risks from or vulnerability to climate change for the first time and may be interested in the methodology you used.
In the first field, please select the methodology you used to assess the risk in your city. If you have used a different assessment methodology than the ones proposed in the list of values, please select ‘Other’ and indicate the name of the methodology you have used. Select ‘Unknown’ if you do not know on which methodology the assessment was based. If your city uses a combination of methodologies, please select the main methodology used.
Primary methodology
- IPCC climate change impact assessment guidance
- OECD Strategic Environmental Assessment and Adaptation to Climate Change
- UNDP climate risk management methodologies
- ICLEI climate adaptation methodology (ADAPT)
- UK Climate Impacts Partnership Framework (UKCIP)
- World Bank Urban Risk Assessment (URA)
- Shaping climate resilient development: A framework for decision making (ECA)
- Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
- US Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
- Australian/New Zealand Standard for Risk Management
- State or region vulnerability and risk assessment methodology
- Agency specific vulnerability and risk assessment methodology
- Proprietary Methodology
- Unknown
- Other
Description
Use the description field to provide more details on how the assessment was carried out. You can include details about whether the assessment covered city operations, private stakeholders, a full range of sectors etc. In particular, if you choose ‘Proprietary Methodology’ or ‘Other’ to describe your methodology, please provide details so that others may understand your approach.
The following resources provide further information about physical risks and the methodology of risk assessment:
- The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (Working Group II: Impacts, Adaption and Vulnerability)
- ICLEI climate adaptation methodology (ADAPT) e.g. http://www.icleiusa.org/tools/adapt and http://archive.iclei.org/index.php?id=adaptation-toolkit0 .
- A report of the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) Working Group: Shaping climate resilient development: A framework for decision making
- An example of a regional (country-level) vulnerability assessment is the Swedish Commission on Climate and Vulnerability report titled Sweden facing climate change – threats and opportunities
- An example of an agency specific vulnerability and risk assessment methodology is the US Department of Transportation’s Federal Highways Administration Methodology.
If Yes is selected in response to 2.0:
2.0b Please attach and provide details on your climate change risk or vulnerability assessment. Please provide details on the boundary of your assessment, and where this differs from your city’s boundary, please provide an explanation.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Publication title | Year of publication | Attach the document | Web link | Boundary of assessment relative to city boundary (reported in 0.1) | Explanation of boundary choice | Primary author of assessment | Does the assessment identify vulnerable populations? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Text field |
Numerical field |
Attach your document here. |
Text field |
Select from:
|
Text field |
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
[Add Row]
Question 2.0b is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
Please refer to the compliance requirements regarding vulnerability assessments outlined in question 2.0.
Guidance
Publication title
Please state the name of your climate change risk or vulnerability assessment.
Year of publication
Please state the year that your climate change risk or vulnerability assessment was published.
Attach the document
If a formal assessment of your city’s vulnerabilities to climate change has been done, please attach this document here. Click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach’ to attach the document.
Web link
If you would like to provide a web link to your city’s climate change risk or vulnerability assessment in addition to attaching the document, please add the link here.
Boundary of assessment relative to city boundary (reported in 0.1)
Indicate the boundary of your city’s risk or vulnerability assessment relative to your city’s boundary (as reported in 0.1) by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Same – covers entire city and nothing else
- Smaller – covers only part of the city
- Larger – covers the whole city and adjoining areas
- Partial – covers part of the city and adjoining areas
Explanation of boundary choice
Please explain your choice in the previous field. For example, if your city’s risk assessment covers only part of the city, please use this field to describe which areas your assessment covers and the reason behind this.
Primary author of assessment
Indicate who was predominately responsible for carrying out the risk or vulnerability assessment for your jurisdiction by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Dedicated city team
- Relevant city department
- Consultant
- International organization
- Community group
- Regional / state / provincial government
- National / central government
- Other
Does the assessment identify vulnerable populations?
Vulnerable populations include individuals or groups of people who are less able than the general population to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from the impacts of disasters.
Vulnerable populations may be described by race or ethnicity, culture, socio-economic status, geography, gender, disability, and age, or other characteristic, and may be disproportionally likely to be affected by climate hazards.
If Yes is selected in response to 2.0:
2.0c Please describe how your city’s risk or vulnerability assessment addresses the following key requirements as defined by the Global Covenant, and provide details on the location of this evidence within your assessment.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| GCoM key requirements | Proof statement from within your risk or vulnerability assessment (in English) | Page number(s) | Publication title of your risk or vulnerability assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment of impact of current hazards | Text field | Text field | Text field |
| Assessment of impact of future hazards | Text field | Text field | Text field |
Question 2.0c is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
Please provide at least one statement demonstrating evidence for each key requirement from within your vulnerability or risk assessment. Please also provide the page number(s) that this statement can be found on, and the title of the vulnerability or risk assessment you are referring to. If your vulnerability or risk assessment is not in English, please ensure that the proof statements are translated to English.
If Yes is selected in response to 2.0:
2.1 Does your city have an update / revision process for the climate risk or vulnerability assessment?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Question 2.1 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
Indicate if your jurisdiction has established a schedule for updates or revisions to its climate risk or vulnerability assessment by selecting ‘Yes’, ‘No’ or ‘Do not know’ from the drop down menu. A formal schedule implies that updates or revisions to the assessment are completed at regular, predefined intervals of time.
If Yes is selected in response to 2.1:
2.1a Please provide more details on the update / revision process for your city’s climate risk or vulnerability assessment.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Time period for update (years) | Status of current update | Number of times previously updated | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numerical field | Select from:
| Numerical field | Text field |
Question 2.1a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question only applies if you have selected ‘Yes’ to report that your jurisdiction has a formal schedule for updates or revisions to its climate risk or vulnerability assessment.
This question seeks to identify the number of times your jurisdiction has undertaken an update to its climate change risk or vulnerability assessment, separate from an initial plan. This may include partial updates to address individual risk areas, annual monitoring / progress reports, or a full comprehensive update.
For example, you may wish to report that your jurisdiction has begun to revise its climate change risk or vulnerability assessment which was a previous initial assessment. In this case please report ‘0’ for number of previous updates, excluding the initial assessment.
Alternatively, for example, you may wish to report that your jurisdiction has begun its fourth annual revision to its climate adaptation plan. Please report ‘3’ for number of previous updates, excluding the initial planning work.
Time period for update (years)
Indicate the number of years between updates or revisions to your jurisdiction’s climate risk or vulnerability assessment.
Status of current update
If applicable, indicate the status of updates or revisions to your jurisdiction’s climate risk or vulnerability assessment by selecting one of the following values:
- Update completed
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Number of times previously updated
If applicable, indicate the total number of times your jurisdiction’s climate risk or vulnerability assessment has been previously updated or revised.
Comment
Please add a comment in the comment field if necessary to give further background or context about your update / revision process for your city’s climate risk or vulnerability assessment.
2.2 Do the current and/or anticipated effects of climate change present risks to your city at present or in the future?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Question 2.2 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
All cities are asked to report on both the current and future climate hazards that they face within their city boundary. To meet compliance, please select ‘Yes’ and report the hazards your city currently faces and expects to face in the future in question 2.2a.
Guidance
The IPCC defines risk as the probability of a hazardous event or trend, multiplied by the consequences of this event. The consequences of a hazardous event are usually referred to as impacts.
Select your response from the following options:
- Yes or Do not know – will direct you to Question 2.2a
- No – will direct you to Question 2.2b
Incidences of climate hazards could extend to: extreme winter conditions, drought, river flood, ocean acidification or atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
If Yes or Do not know is selected in response to 2.2:
2.2a Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the top 3 assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard, and provide a description of the impact.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Climate Hazards | Hazard status | Magnitude of impact | Anticipated timescale | Probability of hazard | Consequence of hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| See drop-down options below |
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
| Future change in frequency | Future change in intensity | Top three assets/ services affected | Impact description |
|---|---|---|---|
Select from:
| Select from:
| Select top 3 from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Climate Hazards drop-down options:
Select all that apply:
- Rain storm
- Monsoon
- Heavy snow
- Hail
- Severe wind
- Tornado
- Cyclone (Hurricane/Typhoon)
- Extratropical storm
- Tropical storm
- Lightning / thunderstorm
- Fog
- Extreme winter conditions
- Cold wave
- Extreme cold days
- Heat wave
- Extreme hot days
- Drought
- Forest fire
- Land fire
- Flash/surface flood
- River flood
- Coastal flood
- Groundwater flood
- Storm surge
- Permanent inundation
- Salt water intrusion
- Ocean acidification
- Atmospheric CO2 concentrations
- Landslide
- Avalanche
- Rockfall
- Subsidence
- Water-borne disease
- Vector-borne disease
- Air-borne disease
- Insect infestation
Question 2.2a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
All cities are asked to report on both the current and future climate hazards that they face within their city boundary. To meet compliance, please report the hazards your city currently faces and expects to face in the future.
Guidance
This table question is to identify climate hazards that your city experiences. It asks for current hazards and the probability and anticipated consequence of their impact, as well as their future change in frequency and intensity, and top 3 affected assets/services. An example response has been provided the box below. Responses should be reported in the table provided using the drop down menus where appropriate, as detailed below:
Climate hazards
Indicate the climate hazards that your city experiences either currently or in the future. It is only necessary to select the most significant hazards that your city experiences; table rows can be added or deleted as needed. Please select the ‘most significant’ hazards as relevant to your city’s understanding of significance.
Climate hazards can be selected from the following list of values:
- Rain storm
- Monsoon
- Heavy snow
- Hail
- Severe wind
- Tornado
- Cyclone (Hurricane/Typhoon)
- Extratropical storm
- Tropical storm
- Lightning / thunderstorm
- Fog
- Extreme winter conditions
- Cold wave
- Extreme cold days
- Heat wave
- Extreme hot days
- Drought
- Forest fire
- Land fire
- Flash/surface flood
- River flood
- Coastal flood;
- Groundwater flood
- Storm surge
- Permanent inundation
- Salt water intrusion
- Ocean acidification
- Atmospheric CO2 concentrations
- Landslide
- Avalanche
- Rockfall
- Subsidence
- Water-borne disease
- Vector-borne disease
- Air-borne disease
- Insect infestation
Hazard status
Indicate using the drop-down menu whether the climate hazard selected is either currently affecting the city or expected to affect the city in the future.
Magnitude of impact
Indicate the magnitude to which each climate hazard identified in the first column is expected to affect your city overall by selecting one of the following values:
- Extremely serious –you expect that the hazard may significantly affect the operation of a majority of critical assets and services across the city, and may result in the death or injury of a significant number of people and/or extreme economic disruption.
- Serious –you expect that the hazard may significantly affect the operation of some critical assets and services, or moderately affect a majority of critical assets and services, and may result in the death or injury of a number of people and/or major economic disruption
- Less serious –you expect that the hazard may moderately affect the operation of some critical assets and services, is unlikely to result in injury or death, but may cause moderate to insignificant economic disruption.
Anticipated timescale
Indicate the timescale at which changes to the frequency and intensity of climate change hazards are expected to occur based on the following list of values:
- Short-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the identified impact from climate change by 2025.
- Medium-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the identified impact from climate change between 2026 and 2050
- Long-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the identified impact from climate change after 2051.
Probability of hazard
Indicate the likelihood of each climate hazard identified in the first field occurring within the next five years. If possible, this response should be based on the outcome of a risk or vulnerability assessment process. If your assessment process has not provided quantitative estimates of likelihood, please estimate using the qualitative descriptors provided below. Select the most appropriate response from the following list of values:
- High – Extremely likely that the hazard will occur (e.g. greater than 1 in 2 change of occurrence over the next five years)
- Medium high – Highly likely that the hazard will occur (e.g. between 1 in 2 and 1 in 20 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
- Medium – Likely that the hazard will occur (e.g. between 1 in 20 and 1 in 200 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
- Medium low – Somewhat likely that the hazard will occur (e.g. between 1 in 200 and 1 in 2,000 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
- Low – Not likely that the hazard will occur (e.g. between 1 in 2,000 and 1 in 20,000 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
- Do not know
Consequence of hazard
Indicate the consequence of possible impacts of each climate hazard identified in the first field on your jurisdiction within the next five years. If possible, this response should be based on the outcome of a risk or vulnerability assessment process. If your assessment process has not provided quantitative estimates of level of impact, please estimate using the qualitative descriptors provided below. Select the most appropriate response from the following list of values:
- High – The hazard represents the highest level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in extremely serious impacts to your city and catastrophic interruption to day-to-day life.
- Medium high – The hazard represents a high level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in serious impacts to your jurisdiction and interruption to day-to-day life.
- Medium - The hazard represents a medium level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in impacts to your jurisdiction, but that these would be moderately significant to day-to-day life.
- Medium low – The hazard represents a lower level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in impacts to your jurisdiction, but that these would be less significant to day-to-day life.
- Low - The hazard represents the lowest level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in impacts to your jurisdiction, but that these would be insignificant in day-to-day life.
- Do not know
Future change in frequency
Indicate the expected change in frequency of climate change hazards in your jurisdiction based on the following list of values:
- Increasing – climate change will cause the hazard to occur more frequently in the future
- Decreasing – climate change will cause the hazard to occur less frequently in the future
- None – climate change will have no effect on the frequency of hazards
- Do not know
Future change in intensity
Indicate the expected change in intensity of climate change hazards in your jurisdiction based on the following list of values:
- Increasing – future hazards will be more intense as a result of climate change
- Decreasing – future hazards will be less intense as a result of climate change
- None – climate change will have no effect on the intensity of hazards
- Do not know
Asset or service
Indicate three critical assets or services in your jurisdiction that will be MOST AFFECTED by the corresponding climate hazard in the first field based on the following list of values: [NB: Stakeholders have varied needs and priorities in relation to the risks of climate impacts. This question aims to capture an overview of your city’s overall assessment of the most critical city assets or services impacted by each climate hazard.
- Energy
- Water Supply & Sanitation
- Transport
- Waste Management
- Information & Communications Technology
- Food & Agriculture
- Environment
- Industrial
- Commercial
- Residential
- Education
- Public health
- Community & Culture
- Law & Order
- Emergency Management
- Other
Impact description
Provide a general description (in 250 words or less) of how each of the climate hazards identified in the first field is expected to affect your city overall, including any interdependencies between various assets and services and any vulnerable populations that may be particularly affected.
Example Response
Please see below for an example.
| Climate hazards | Hazard status | Anticipated timescale | Probability of hazard | Consequence of hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Extratropical storm |
Expected to affect the city in the future |
Medium-term |
Medium |
Medium High |
|
Drought |
Expected to affect the city in future |
Long-term |
Medium |
Medium |
|
River flood |
Currently affecting the city |
Short-term |
High |
High |
| Future change in frequency | Future change in intensity | Top three assets/ services affected | Impact description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Increasing |
Increasing |
|
With rising global temperatures, the city expects to experience tropical storms in the medium term which will become frequent and affect the local economy, as transport and connectivity will be impacted. |
|
Increasing |
Do not know |
|
With rising global temperatures, the city expects to experience drought in the long-term future and is beginning to understand its impacts and create an adaptation plan. |
|
Do not know |
Increasing |
|
The city experiences worsening river flood on a semi-regular basis, no assessment has taken place on change over the future. Previous incidences of flood have impacted emergency management, transport and public health. |
If No is selected in response to 2.2:
2.2b Please explain why the anticipated effects of climate change present no risk to your city at present or in the future.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Select from the following options in the drop-down menu the most appropriate reason for why climate change poses no risk to your city at present or in the future:
- Risk assessment not undertaken;
- Risk assessment in progress;
- Actions are in place to reduce vulnerability;
- The city is not presently affected by climate change risks and is yet to understand their future impact;
- Climate change risks pose no present or future risks to the city;
- Primary current risks have been addressed and future impacts are not considered risks;
Please provide an explanation for this choice in the second field, to give more context or background as to why climate change presents no risk to your city as present or in the future.
2.3 Do you consider that the effects of climate change could negatively impact the ability of businesses to operate successfully in your city?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Response | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Please select the most appropriate response of the following from the drop down menu:
- Yes – business in my city will be negatively impacted by climate change;
- No – businesses in my city will not be negatively impacted by climate change;
- Do not know.
E.g. You might answer “Yes” to this question if, for example, the dominant industry in your city is dependent on certain climatic conditions, like skiing, or if significant areas of economic development are exposed to climate hazards such as flood.
Explanation
This question asks for further details about how the physical impacts of climate change will affect businesses operating in your city. Examples could include facilities / companies operating in a low-lying, increasingly flood-prone area having to cope with more frequent business disruptions. A further example could be that businesses that are dependent on certain weather conditions such as agriculture or tourism suffer drops in productivity due to reductions in water supply or poorly timed snow or rain. Examples of the types of risks that business may consider as affecting its ability to operate, include: higher costs of doing business, issues of workforce availability, transport disruptions, storm or flood damage, supply chain interruptions, or the health risks to residents due to frequent severe weather events.
Where available please provide information about how the city assessed the risks to businesses.
2.4 Please identify the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change, and indicate how those factors either enhance or challenge this ability.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Factors that affect ability to adapt | Enhance/ Challenge | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Text field |
Question 2.4 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This table question is to identify factors in your jurisdiction that either enhance or challenge its capacity to adapt to the impacts of future climate hazards. Responses should be reported in the table provided using the drop down menus where appropriate. Please refer to the example table below for more detail.
Factors that affect adaptive capacity
Indicate the major factors that either enhance or challenge your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity. Please provide one response per table row, or select the ‘other’ value to add a new factor not listed.
Note that you can select the same factor more than once if that factor both enhances and challenges your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity. For example, a jurisdiction experiencing rapid urbanization may benefit from increased economic growth and human capital; however, this trend may also experience significant pressure on infrastructure services that may increase the risk of day-to-day service interruptions, thus weakening the city’s resilience to shock events.
Factors can be selected from the following list of values:
- Access to basic services;
- Access to healthcare;
- Access to education;
- Cost of living;
- Housing;
- Poverty;
- Inequality;
- Unemployment;
- Public health;
- Political stability;
- Political engagement / transparency;
- Government capacity;
- Budgetary capacity;
- Migration; Safety and security;
- Economic health;
- Economic diversity;
- Rapid urbanization;
- Resource availability;
- Environmental conditions;
- Infrastructure conditions / maintenance;
- Infrastructure capacity;
- Land use planning;
- Community engagement;
- Access to quality / relevant data;
- Other
Enhance / challenge
Indicate whether each of the factors identified in the first field enhances or challenges your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity. Factors that enhance your adaptive capacity will be those that make adaptation easier, those that challenge will make it more difficult to adapt effectively. For an example response, please refer to the example below.
Description
Provide a brief description (in 250 words or less) of how each factor identified in the first field is enhancing or challenging your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity.
Example Response
| Factors that affect ability to adapt | Enhance/ Challenge | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
Access to quality / relevant data |
Challenge |
Our city has not had the resources or expertise to develop a thorough adaptation plan, and does not have reliable data in regard to adaptation measures |
|
Political stability |
Enhance |
Our governance structure is stable and results in good working relationship between the national and city governments in relation to climate change in both resourcing and knowledge sharing |
|
Rapid urbanization |
Challenge |
Our city is experiencing rapid urbanization, meaning that comprehensive adaptation planning across all divisions of the city is challenging due to it’s rapidly changing nature |
Adaptation
3.0 Has the Mayor or city council committed to adapting to climate change across the geographical area of the city, town or settlement?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Question 3.0 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
Please respond to indicate whether your city’s Mayor or leadership has made a public commitment to adapt the city to climate change. The available responses in the drop down menu include:
- “Yes” – if a public commitment has already been made,
- “No” – if a commitment has not been made; or
- “In progress” – if a commitment is being developed. For example, if there is currently a resolution before your local council to make a commitment, but it has not yet been approved.
- “Intending to undertake in future” – if your mayor or local government is planning to commit to adapting to climate change in your city
- “Not intending to undertake” – if your mayor or local government is not planning to commit to adapting to climate change in your city
- “Do not know”
If you select “yes” you will be directed to Question 3.0a
If Yes is selected in response to 3.0:
3.0a Please select the type of commitment and attach evidence.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Type of commitment | Attach | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Attach your document here. | Text field |
[Add Row]
Question 3.0a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question allows you to provide more detailed information about the type of adaptation commitment your mayor or local government has made. Please select from the list of frameworks to identify the type of commitment, attach any relevant documents and provide more details on the specific commitments in the comments field.
Type of commitment
Select a commitment from the list of values:
- Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy;
- Compact of Mayors;
- Durban Adaptation Charter;
- Mayors Adapt (EU);
- Mexico City Pact;
- UNISDR, Making Cities Resilient Campaign;
- Individual City Commitment;
- 100 Resilient Cities;
- Resilient Communities for America;
- STAR Communities;
- LEED for Cities;
- Other
Attach
Click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach’ to attach the document.
Comments
Please add further comments on your commitment.
3.1 Has your city council published a plan that addresses climate change adaptation?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Question 3.1 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
All cities must publish a city-wide climate adaptation plan within three years of committing to the Global Covenant of Mayors. The climate adaptation plan must cover the whole city boundary and does not have a specific timeframe requirement. Adaptation plans that cover a boundary larger than the city (e.g. at regional or national levels) are not considered compliant.
The city-wide climate adaptation plan must include the requirements detailed below.
- Political commitment to adaptation: Clear political commitment from the Mayor, equivalent legal representative authority, or city council.
- Identification of adaptation actions: Identification of adaptation actions and explanation of how they will be implemented.
To meet compliance, please report an adaptation plan in questions 3.1 and 3.1a and describe the main goals of your city’s adaptation efforts along with the metrics/KPIs for each goal in question 3.4.
- Engagement of multiple city government agencies or departments: Evidence that multiple city departments were involved or consulted in the development of the plan. It might, for instance, mention cross-departmental group in the process description, a clear allocation of tasks to a variety of sections of the city government, or endorsement by a number of department heads.
To meet compliance, please provide evidence that your city engages with stakeholders about adaptation planning in question 3.7.
- Process for regular review of the plan: Process for updating the plan either at regular periods (e.g. every 5 years) or as new information becomes available (e.g. updated climate change projections).
To meet compliance, please report a sound revision process for your adaptation plan in questions 3.2 and 3.2a.
Guidance
Please respond to indicate whether your city has produced an adaptation plan, or incorporated adaptation within the context of another long-term plan or strategy by selecting “Yes”, “No”, “In progress”, “Intending to undertake in future”, “Not intending to undertake” or “Don’t know” from the drop down menu. If you select “Yes” you will be directed to Question 3.2a. If you select “No” or “In progress” you will be directed to Question 3.2b.
A climate adaptation plan outlines the planned alterations to the city’s systems in response to actual or anticipated climate change. It should cover the services and departments directly managed by the city government and may also consider the actions required by other stakeholders*. The aim of an adaptation plan is to moderate harm or exploit beneficial opportunities from expected climate change and its effects.
*Based on the glossary document of the IPCC
Example Response
If you wish to see an example of a climate adaptation plan, please refer to Copenhagen’s which can be found here.
If Yes or In progress is selected in response to 3.1:
3.1a Please provide more information on your plan that addresses climate change adaptation and attach the document. Please provide details on the boundary of your plan, and where this differs from your city’s boundary, please provide an explanation.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Publication title | Year of publication | Attach the document | Web link | Boundary of plan relative to city boundary (reported in 0.1) | Explanation of boundary choice | Primary author of plan | Stage of implementation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Numerical field | Attach your document here. | Text field | Select from:
| Text field | Select from:
| Select from:
|
[Add Row]
Question 3.1a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
Please refer to the compliance requirements regarding the adaptation plan outlined in question 3.1.
Guidance
If you have a climate adaptation plan, please provide additional details about it in this question. Some cities are still working on their climate adaptation plan, attaching it here will enable them to understand your approach better. Please fill in the table with the following information:
Publication title
State the official name of your plan that addresses climate change adaptation.
Year of publication
Enter the year the plan was published as a numeric value.
Attach the document
Click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach & Save’ to attach the document.
Web link
If you would like to provide a web link to your city’s climate change risk or vulnerability assessment, in addition to attaching the document, please add the link here.
Boundary of assessment relative to city boundary (reported in 0.1)
Indicate the boundary of your city’s adaptation plan relative to your city’s boundary (as reported in 0.1) by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Same – covers entire city and nothing else
- Smaller – covers only part of the city
- Larger – covers the whole city and adjoining areas
- Partial – covers part of the city and adjoining areas
Explanation of boundary choice
Please explain your choice in the previous field. For example, if your city’s risk assessment covers only part of the city, please use this field to describe which areas your assessment covers and the reason behind this.
Area under your city's control
Indicate the boundary of control in respect to adaptation planning by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Financial boundary of city governance
- Operational boundary of city governance
- Administrative boundary of city governance
Primary author of plan
Indicate the primary author responsible for the primary planning document to address climate adaptation in your jurisdiction by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Dedicated city team
- Relevant city department
- Consultant
- International organization
- Community group
- Regional / state / provincial government
- National / central government
- Other
Stage of implementation
Indicate the extent to which your city has implemented its adaptation plan by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Plan in development – your jurisdiction has identified a vision and goals; and begun to organize resources to develop a plan;
- Plan developed but not implemented – plan to implement actions has been developed and implementation tools have been identified;
- Plan in implementation –if your jurisdiction has begun to implement actions from the climate action plan (execution);
- Implementation complete – if the actions identified in the plan have been fully implemented;
- Measurement in progress – if the project is complete and results are being measured;
- Plan update in progress – if your jurisdiction has begun to update the action plan based on the progress and success of actions that have been executed;
- Other.
If No or Not intending to undertake is selected in response to 3.1:
3.1b Please explain why not and any future arrangements you have to create a plan.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
This question only applies if you have selected “No” to Question 3.2.
Select from the following options in the drop-down menu the most appropriate reason for why you do not have or do not intend to have a climate adaptation plan:
- Adaptation is not within city control;
- Adaptation is covered under main city strategy;
- Lack of resources/funding;
- Lack of expertise;
- Lack of political will;
- Adaptation is covered in the city plans;
- Adaptation is not currently a priority for my city;
- Other
In the comment field please provide more information or context on the reason selected. Such a description should include information about the practical barriers that impact each reason.
For information see the 'Urban Adaptation Support Tool', which has been developed for European cities to support their adaptation efforts.
If Yes is selected in response to 3.1:
3.2 Does your city have an update / revision process for the climate adaptation plan(s)?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Question 3.2 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your adaptation plan to meet compliance, please select ‘Yes’ and report a sound revision process for your adaptation plan. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding adaptation plan outlined in question 3.1.
Guidance
Indicate whether your jurisdiction has established an approach for updating / reviewing its climate adaptation plan.
Indicate if your jurisdiction has established a schedule for updates or revisions to its adaptation plan by selecting ‘Yes’, ‘No’ or ‘Do not know’ from the drop down menu. A formal schedule implies that updates or revisions to the adaptation plan are completed at regular, predefined intervals of time.
If Yes is selected in response to 3.2:
3.2a Please provide more details on the update / revision process for your city’s climate adaptation plan(s)?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Time period for update (years) | Status of current update | Number of times previously updated | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numerical field | Select from:
| Numerical field | Text field |
Question 3.2a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your adaptation plan to meet compliance, please report a sound revision process for your adaptation plan. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding adaptation plan outlined in question 3.1.
Guidance
This question seeks to identify the number of times your jurisdiction has undertaken an update to its climate adaptation plan, separate from an initial plan. This may include partial updates to address individual planning areas, or a full, comprehensive update.
For example, you may wish to report that your jurisdiction has begun to revise its climate adaptation plan, which was a previous initial assessment. In this case please report ‘0’ for number of previous updates, excluding the initial assessment.
Alternatively, for example, you may wish to report that your jurisdiction has begun its fourth annual revision to its climate adaptation plan. Please report ‘3’ for number of previous updates, excluding the initial planning work.
Time period for update (years)
If you responded ‘Yes’ to question 3.1, please indicate the number of years between updates or revisions to your jurisdiction’s climate adaptation plan.
Status of current update
Indicate the status of updates or revisions to your jurisdiction’s climate adaptation plan by selecting one of the following values:
- Update completed
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Number of times previously updated
Indicate the number of times your jurisdiction’s climate adaptation plan has been previously updated or revised.
Comments
Please add further comments to give background or additional detail to the update / revision process of your city’s climate adaptation plan.
If Yes is selected in response to 2.2:
3.3 Please describe the actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, or vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Climate hazards | Action | Status of action | Action description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drop-down populated with selections from 2.2a column 1 | Select from Appendix B | Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
Climate hazards
This list will be automatically filled with the values you reported in the first field of question 2.1b.
Action
This field asks to detail the actions you are taking to adapt to climate change. The list of actions that you can select from is located in Appendix B in the questionnaire.
Status of action
Select the most appropriate option from the drop-down menu to describe the stage of implementation of the project or action.
Action Description
In this field, please give any further relevant comments about the action. Description of actions should include details about: project name, scope, costs, timescale, collaborators and projected impact on climate hazard.
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is given below.
| Climate hazard | Action | Status of action | Action description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Rain storm |
Flood defenses – development and operation & storage |
Pre-implementation |
We are testing various sea walls and barriers around the port to prevent the low-lying areas from flooding. The most successful version will be rolled out city-wide. |
|
Heat wave |
Shading in public spaces, markets |
Operation |
Restaurants are able to expedite the licensing process for outdoor seating if they plant trees to provide shade in the public spaces around the location. |
If Yes is selected in response to 3.1:
3.4 Please describe the main goals of your city’s adaptation efforts and the metrics / KPIs for each goal.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Adaptation goal | Target year | Metrics / KPIs | Source of goal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Numerical field | Text field | Select from:
|
Question 3.4 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your adaptation plan to meet compliance, please describe the main goals of your city’s adaptation efforts along with the metrics/KPIs for each goal. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding adaptation plan outlined in question 3.1.
Guidance
This question is part of the CRAFT Climate Risk and Adaptation Framework and Taxonomy, answers can be copied across from the corresponding question in the spreadsheet that you reported last year.
This table question is to identify the overarching goals for your jurisdiction’s adaptation efforts, and to understand if and how your jurisdiction plans to monitor and evaluate progress towards these goals.
Adaptation goals
Briefly state (10 to 20 words) your jurisdiction’s main goals for climate adaptation. If possible, these goals should be time bounded, and able to be monitored and evaluated based on specific metrics or key performance indicators (KPIs). Please add or delete table rows as needed for your entries.
Target year
Please enter in numerical form the year by which you anticipate achieving your goal. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.
Metrics / KPIs
If applicable, briefly state (5 to 10 words) the metrics or KPIs that are being used to monitor and evaluate progress towards the goals identified in the first field.
Source of goal
If applicable, indicate if the adaptation goal set by your jurisdiction relates to an external source. Select the most appropriate description from the list, or select the ‘other’ value to provide further description of the source of the adaptation goal.
- Local jurisdiction – the goal was developed solely by your local jurisdiction.
- Higher level of government – the development of the goal was influenced by a higher level of government, such as county, state, regional, or national government.
- International agreement – the development of the goal was influenced by a politically binding international agreement, such as a convention or charter.
- Stakeholder partnership – the development of the goal was influenced by a stakeholder partnership, such as a collaborative network.
- Other.
If Yes is selected in response to 3.1:
3.5 Please describe the process for how your city has identified and assessed specific adaptation actions. Select all that apply and provide a description of each action assessment method.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Method of action selection/prioritization | Description of action assessment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Question 3.5 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question is part of the CRAFT Climate Risk and Adaptation Framework and Taxonomy, answers can be copied across from the corresponding question in the spreadsheet that you reported last year.
Method of action selection / prioritization
Indicate the primary method used to select or prioritize adaptation actions by selecting one of the following values:
- Benefit-cost analysis – a systematic quantitative approach to decision-making based on estimating the net monetary value associated with an action (e.g. comparing benefits (strengths) with costs (weaknesses)).
- Cost-effectiveness – an economic analysis that compares the relative costs and outcomes (effects) of two or more courses of action
- Multiple-criteria decision analysis – approach that supports decision-making by structuring and solving decision and planning problems involving multiple criteria.
- Stakeholder consensus decision-making – a group decision-making process in which affected parties (stakeholders) seek to reach agreement on a course of action to address an issue, or set of issues, in a mutually acceptable solution.
- Experiment and observe – predictive assessment method in which the actor predicts the outcomes of actions, undertakes the action, and evaluates the outcomes for alignment to predictions.
Description of action assessment
Provide a brief description (250 words or less) of the methods used to assess adaptation actions. Include the primary method (such as the assessment methods listed above) and any other methods of assessment that were used.
If Yes is selected in response to 3.1:
3.6 Please describe how much your adaptation actions will address the underlying factors that challenge your city’s ability to adapt.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.
| Underlying factors | Extent addressed | Description of approach |
|---|---|---|
|
Populated from 2.4 column 1 selections |
Select from:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
Question 3.6 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question is part of the CRAFT Climate Risk and Adaptation Framework and Taxonomy, answers can be copied across from the corresponding question in the spreadsheet that you reported last year.
This table question is to understand how much / to what extent your adaptation planning efforts aim to address the underlying factors that challenge your capacity to adapt. This question aims to take a broader view of how adaptation efforts also support broader city issues (e.g. city resilience).
These factors and their effects may have been identified through formal assessment, or informal methods. Please apply your best estimate to the following questions. An example response has been provided below.
Underlying factors
Indicate the underlying factors that CHALLENGE your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity. You are not required to provide a response for each of the factors identified. However, if possible please describe why certain factors were not addressed. You can also identify additional factors that challenge your city by adding table rows as needed.
Extent addressed
Indicate the extent to which your jurisdiction’s adaptation planning addresses each of the factors identified by selecting one of the following values:
- Fully – factor should not pose a challenge to the adaptive capacity of your jurisdiction through implementation of the adaptation actions.
- Somewhat – factor should pose less of a challenge to your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity.
- Not at all – factor will still pose a challenge to your jurisdiction’s adaptive capacity.
- Do not know.
Description of approach
Briefly describe (100 words or less) the approach used to address the factors identified in the first field that challenge your jurisdiction’s ability to adapt. It is not necessary to list specific goals or actions, but do indicate if specific goals or actions that address the factor identified have been established.
3.7 Please describe your progress in engaging stakeholders for adaptation planning.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Do you have a plan for stakeholder engagement? | Implementation of stakeholder engagement plan | Describe stakeholder engagement process |
|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field |
Question 3.7 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your adaptation plan to meet compliance, please provide evidence that your city engages with stakeholders about adaptation planning. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding adaptation plan outlined in question 3.1.
Guidance
This question is part of the CRAFT Climate Risk and Adaptation Framework and Taxonomy, answers can be copied across from the corresponding question in the spreadsheet that you reported last year.
Stakeholder engagement is an important element in the climate adaptation planning process. Stakeholder engagement enables communication and the exchange of information to develop a better understanding of issues related to climate hazards, vulnerability and risk, and potential adaptation solutions. It is necessary to build support for adaptation activities and can help to guide and inform adaptation goals and actions. This question can be used to help evaluate the extent to which your jurisdiction has identified and engaged stakeholder groups for adaptation planning.
Do you have a plan for stakeholder engagement?
Select whether your jurisdiction has developed a plan for stakeholder engagement
Implementation of stakeholder engagement plan
Identify the extent to which your jurisdiction has implemented its stakeholder engagement plan and is using stakeholder feedback to help guide adaptation planning efforts.
Describe stakeholder engagement process
Provide a description of your jurisdiction’s progress in undertaking stakeholder engagement activities. Indicate the primary method the jurisdiction has used to identify and engage stakeholders, as well as any key stages in which specific groups have been involved. Please describe any successes or outcomes from your engagement process, and note any remaining actions that have not yet been implemented. If your jurisdiction is taking initial steps in stakeholder engagement, please indicate any formal next steps or actions, and provide a description of the engagement process.
If Yes is selected in response to 3.1:
3.8 Please describe any additional barriers your city has encountered in implementing your adaptation planning or adaptation actions, and any solutions or interventions taken to overcome those barriers.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Barriers to adaptation | Description of barriers to adaptation | Description of solution / intervention | Additional adaptation resource needs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field | Text field | Text field |
Question 3.8 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question is part of the CRAFT Climate Risk and Adaptation Framework and Taxonomy, answers can be copied across from the corresponding question in the spreadsheet that you reported last year.
This question is meant to help identify and assess the main barriers to climate adaptation faced by your jurisdiction, and the strategies used to overcome these barriers. Please add or delete table rows as needed for your entries.
Barriers to adaptation
Describe any barriers your jurisdiction has encountered in implementing your adaptation planning and / or adaptation actions. Barriers (also called obstacles or challenges) may be permanent or temporary, originate within or outside your local jurisdiction, and may prevent, delay, limit or divert implementation of climate adaptation actions. Use the drop down list to select as many types of barriers that may apply to describe the day-to-day experience of your jurisdiction; you will have opportunity to describe specific examples of barriers in the next data field.
- Political and Leadership – challenges that relate to prevailing political ideologies or priorities, forms of governance, or the strength of leadership provided by key actors.
- Institutional, Regulatory and Legislative – challenges that result from conflicting interests between government agencies, or policies and legislation, including difficulties coordinating climate action across government agencies and organizations.
- Resources and Funding – challenges that relate to a jurisdiction’s ability to secure funding for climate action or to access appropriate staff and expertise to establish and implement climate actions.
- Information and Knowledge – challenges that relate to a jurisdiction’s ability to access the information and knowledge required to make effective decisions about climate action.
- Social and Cultural – challenges that relate to the accepted norms, practices and behaviors of a jurisdiction’s institutions, businesses and citizens that may detract from the effectiveness of climate action.
- Technology and Infrastructure – challenges that relate to the availability and compatibility of appropriate functional or proven technologies or infrastructures required to deliver climate action.
- Physical Environment – challenges that relate to a jurisdiction’s physical environment (natural and manmade) and that enhance the viability of climate actions, including land use planning.
Description of barriers to adaptation
Provide a brief description (250 words or less) of the barriers identified in the first field. Describe how these barriers have affected adaptation planning and implementation in your jurisdiction.
Description of solution / intervention
Provide a brief description (250 words or less) of how your jurisdiction was able to overcome the barriers identified in the first field. Describe how solutions were identified and undertaken, and how successful each solution was in overcoming the associated adaptation barrier.
Additional adaptation resource needs
List any additional needs or resources that could help your jurisdiction with adaptation planning and/or implementation efforts. Provide a brief description of one type or category of resource needs within per row: this could include additional resources of any type, greater public awareness, etc. Please add or delete table rows as needed for your entries.
If Yes is selected in response to 3.1:
3.9 Please identify any additional benefits or improvements resulting from adaptation planning and/or adaptation actions (in addition to the reduction of climate risks).
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Additional benefits or improvements | Description of benefit or improvement |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Question 3.9 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
Guidance
This question is part of the CRAFT Climate Risk and Adaptation Framework and Taxonomy, answers can be copied across from the corresponding question in the spreadsheet that you reported last year.
This table question is to identify any additional benefits or improvements that your jurisdiction has experienced that have resulted from adaptation planning and / or the implementation of adaptation actions. This does not include benefits directly associated to the reduction of climate risks. Please add or delete table rows as needed for your entries.
Additional benefits or improvements
Adaptation to climate risks or vulnerabilities may present opportunities for your local jurisdiction. Describe any benefits or improvements your jurisdiction has encountered in implementing your adaptation planning and / or adaptation actions. Benefits or improvements may be direct or indirect outcomes or co-benefits that originate within or outside your local jurisdiction, may be permanent or temporary, and may encourage, accelerate, enhance or focus implementation of climate adaptation action. Use the drop down list to select as many types of benefits or improvements that may apply to describe the day-to-day experience of your jurisdiction; you will have opportunity to describe specific examples in the next data field.
- Political and Leadership – benefits or improvements that relate to effective leadership and management, and that promote inclusive and constructive governance between key leaders and the broader business and civil society.
- Institutional, Regulatory and Legislative – benefits or improvements that relate to the methods used to develop and enforce policies and laws, including enhanced coordination of climate action across government and other key stakeholders.
- Resources and Funding – benefits or improvements related to a jurisdiction’s ability to secure funding for climate action, or to access appropriate staff and expertise to establish and implement climate action.
- Information and Knowledge – benefits or improvements that relate to a jurisdiction’s ability to access the information and knowledge required to make effective decisions about climate action.
- Social and Cultural – benefits or improvements that relate to the accepted norms, practices and behaviors of a jurisdiction’s institutions, businesses and citizens that may enhance the effectiveness of climate action.
- Technology and Infrastructure – benefits or improvements that relate to the availability and compatibility of appropriate functional or proven technologies or infrastructures required to deliver climate action.
- Physical Environment – benefits or improvements that relate to a jurisdiction’s physical environment (natural and manmade) and that enhance the viability of climate actions, including land use planning.
Description of benefits or improvements
Provide a brief description (250 words or less) of each of the benefits or improvements identified in the first field.
4.0 Does your city face any social risks as a result of climate change?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Please respond by selecting “Yes”, “No” or “Don’t know” from the drop down menu. If you answer “Yes” or “Don’t know” you will be directed to question 4.0a, if you answer “No” you will be directed to question 4.0b.
Cities and local governments may encounter social risks as a result of climate change. Examples of social risks might health and wellbeing, (e.g. susceptibility to disease vectors or heat-related morbidity and mortality), crime, social unrest, migration, or quality of life.
If Yes or Do not know is selected in response to 4.0:
4.0a Please complete the table below to indicate which social risks your city faces as a result of climate change and indicate if these risks have been covered by your city’s action plan.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Social risks | Anticipated timescale in years | Impact description |
|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question is structured as a table. The first field describes a number of possible social risks of climate change which can be selected from the drop down menu.
Social risks
Please select the relevant options that apply to your city from the drop down menu in the table; selecting inappropriate options may negatively impact the accuracy of your CDP analytics.
List of Values:
- Fluctuating socio-economic conditions
- Increased incidence and prevalence of disease
- Increased demand for public services (including health)
- Increased risk to already vulnerable populations
- Increased conflict and/or crime
- Increased resource demand
- Loss of traditional jobs
- Migration from rural areas to cities
- Population displacement
- Other
Anticipated timescale in years
Please choose the timescale by which you expect to experience social risks arising from climate change.
The table offers four choices for timescale:
- Current - if your city is already experiencing the identified social risk
- Short term - if you anticipate your city will experience the identified social risk by 2025.
- Medium term - if you anticipate your city will experience the identified social risk between 2026 and 2050.
- Long term - if you anticipate your city will experience the identified social risk after 2051.
Impact Description
You may wish to describe the effect experienced or anticipated, the magnitude of the impact, anticipated timescale and sectors affected. Please provide in this field any additional information about any social risk you perceive.
Multiple entries can be made in the table, using the ‘Add Row’ button to the bottom right.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Social Risk | Anticipated timescale in years | Impact Description |
|---|---|---|
|
Increased risk to already vulnerable populations |
Medium term |
With longer heat events, at-risk populations that have limited access to cooling centers or do not have air-conditioning units within their place of residence are more susceptible to facing heat-related illnesses or death |
|
Increased conflict and/or crime |
Short term |
In addition, loss of power after extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, can mean higher incidence of crime (e.g. looting and theft) |
If No is selected in response to 4.0:
4.0b Please explain why not.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reasoning | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Reasoning
This question only applies if you have selected “No” to Question 4.0.
Select from the following options in the drop-down menu the most appropriate reason for why you do not face social risks as a result of climate change in your city:
- Adaptation / resilience measures are expected to mitigate social risks;
- Social risks have not been assessed;
- No social risks have been identified through assessment;
- Social risks identified are not significant;
- Other.
Explanation
In this field please provide more information or context on the reason selected. Such a description should include information about the practical barriers that impact each reason.
Opportunities
Opportunities
5.0 Does addressing climate change provide any opportunities for your city?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Select your response from the following options:
- Yes - will direct you to Question 5.0a
- No - will direct you to Question 5.0b
- Don’t know - will direct you to Question 5.0a
Many organizations have identified economic opportunities from mitigating and adapting to climate change. For examples, 397 cities reported over 1000 economic opportunities to CDP in 2016 (see here). The 2007 Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change suggests that markets for low-carbon energy products are likely to be worth at least $500bn per year by 2050 and concludes that “individual companies and countries should position themselves to take advantage of these opportunities.” For some cities and regions with a strong foundation in scientific and technology research and development, advanced / precision manufacturing, export facilities, or those well-endowed with renewable energy resources (wind, solar, geothermal, marine, and biomass), financial opportunities to develop new goods and services may be realized.
If Yes or Do not know is selected in response to 5.0:
5.0a Please indicate the opportunities and describe how the city is positioning itself to take advantage of them.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Opportunity | Describe how the city is maximizing this opportunity |
|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question invites you to detail the economic opportunities from mitigating, and adapting to, climate change and asks you to describe how your city is seizing them. Please select the relevant options that apply to your city from the drop down menu in the table; selecting inappropriate options may negatively impact the accuracy of your CDP analytics.
For example, you may note that your city sees the potential growth of the local solar industry, adding tax revenue and job growth in your city.
Economic Opportunities
- Development of local/sustainable food businesses;
- Development of energy efficiency measures and technologies;
- Increase in clean technology businesses;
- Development of waste management / recycling businesses;
- Development of tourism industry;
- Development of sustainable transport sector;
- Development of sustainable construction sector;
- Increase opportunities for trading and investment;
- Increase opportunities for partnerships;
- Development of climate change resiliency projects;
- Development of carbon markets;
- Development of resource conservation and management;
- Development of sustainable water management;
- Extended agricultural seasons;
- Additional funding opportunities;
- Improved efficiency of operations;
- Increased energy security;
- Increased attention to other environmental concerns;
- Increased infrastructure investment;
- Other
Describe how the city is maximizing this opportunity
For each of the economic opportunities identified in the previous field, please highlight what your city is doing to seize this opportunity in this field. For example, if you selected “development of new business industries” under Economic Opportunity, you might detail your city’s efforts to encourage and support the development of new business industries within the city limits or provide consulting services to other municipalities who are trying to attract new business industries.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
|
Economic opportunity |
Describe how the city is maximizing this opportunity |
|---|---|
|
Improved efficiency of operations |
Performing a local and regional emissions inventory had the added benefit of identifying inefficiencies in operations by tracking data related to energy consumption, waste processes and water consumption at the government operations and regional levels. |
|
Increased attention to other environmental concerns |
The city created a ‘congestion-zone’ in the downtown area where private cars are only allowed to drive during peak times if they pay a substantial fee. This has decreased the number of cars on the street 65% during peak times. This was done to reduce emissions and reduce traffic but it has also lessened the amount of smog in the city by 30% and resulted in more income for the city. |
If No is selected in response to 5.0:
5.0b Why do you not foresee any opportunities for your city?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
It is possible that your city does not see any potential economic opportunities from climate change. You might consider, for instance, that climate change presents only economic risks to your city, or that any potential opportunities are small and insignificant in comparison to the risks.
Reasoning
Select from the following options in the drop-down menu the most appropriate reason for why you do not foresee any opportunities as a result of climate change in your city:
- Negative impacts on the economy and environment;
- Opportunities have not been assessed;
- Increase in costs for public administration and investment;
- Negative impacts on tourism, agriculture and industries;
- Negative impacts for citizens;
- Opportunities are not significant;
- Other.
Explanation
Please provide more information or context on the reason selected in the previous field.
5.1 Does your city collaborate in voluntary partnership with businesses in your city on sustainability projects?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Guidance
This question aims to understand how cities collaborate with businesses on sustainability issues. Some examples of collaboration can be found in the 2014 CDP Cities report, Protecting Our Capital.
Response
Please answer by selecting “Yes”; “No”; “In progress”; “Intending to undertake in the future”; “Not intending to undertake”; or “Don’t know” from the drop down menu provided. Answering “Yes” will take you to question 5.1a.
If Yes is selected in response to 5.1:
5.1a Please provide some key examples of how your city collaborates with business in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Collaboration area | Description of collaboration |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Collaboration area
Please select an appropriate collaboration area or sector from the drop-down list that your city is collaborating with business in. Table rows can be added or deleted as needed to report multiple collaboration areas.
Description
If you selected “Yes” as your response, please use this text box to describe what areas or projects your city works on with businesses.
5.2 List any emission reduction, adaptation, water related or resilience projects you have planned within your city for which you hope to attract financing, and provide details on the estimated costs and status of the project. If your city does not have any relevant projects, please select No relevant projects under Project Area.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Project area | Status of project | Status of financing | Project description | Total cost of project | Total investment cost needed (if relevant) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Guidance
The goal of this question is to understand what climate-change related projects your city is currently seeking external financing for from public or private institutions. These may be projects relating to renewable energy, sustainable transport, building or energy efficiency, waste, water or other climate-related areas. From the data gathered in this question, CDP aims to help cities improve access to financing for climate change-related projects.
Use the table in this question to list the different projects your city is looking to attract public or private sector finance for – you can add multiple projects by clicking ‘Add row’. If your city is not currently seeking financing on any relevant projects, please select “No relevant projects” in the first field.
Project area
Use the drop down options to select the project area that is closest to the project that your city is seeking financing for. If your city does not have any projects currently seeking financing, please select “None”.
Status of project
Please indicate the current status of the project by selecting from the following options:
- Scoping – if your city is in the process of developing a project plan, this is also known as the identification phase
- Pre-feasibility study – if your city is researching the feasibility of the project plan, this is known as the evaluation phase
- Pre-implementation – if your city has developed a project plan but not begun implementation, this is also known as the feasibility or definition phase
- Implementation – if the project has started implementation (execution)
- Operation – if the project is in full operation
- Complete – if the project is complete
- Measurement and reporting – if the project is complete and results are being measured
Status of financing
Please indicate the status of the project’s financing by selecting from the following options:
- Project not financed and seeking partial financing – If the project is not funded and your city is seeking financing for part of the project. If your project is in this status, please indicate how much finance is being sought in these fields of the table.
- Project not financed and seeking full financing – if the project is not funded and seeking financing for the whole project. If your project is in this status, please indicate how much finance is being sought in these fields of the table.
- Project partially financed and seeking additional financing – if the project is partially financed, but your city is still seeking additional finance. If your project is in the status, please indicate how much finance has already been received and how much additional finance is being sought.
- Other (please specify)
Project description
Use this text box to describe the project in as much detail as possible. Detail should include context about the project such as: project name, a web link, the scale of the project, collaborators in the project, expected environmental and social impacts, the type of financing being sought (if known), etc.
Total cost of project
Give an estimate of the total overall cost of the project, including any financing which has already been secured.
Total investment cost needed (if relevant)
Indicate how much finance you hope to raise for the project. If your project is partially financed and seeking additional finance, please indicate the amount of money your city is still seeking.
Finance & Economic Opportunities
5.3 Has your City received/secured funding for any low carbon projects (e.g. energy efficiency, renewable energy, low emission vehicles, bus rapid transit, waste management) or climate adaptation projects from a development bank (e.g. World Bank, Asian Development Bank, etc.)?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
5.4 Has your City established a fund to invest in energy efficiency, renewable energy or carbon reduction projects?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Indicate whether your city has a dedicated fund for renewable energy or carbon reduction programs or services.
5.5 Does your City have its own credit rating?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Does your city have a credit rating? | Rating agency | Rating | |
|---|---|---|---|
| International | Select from:
| Text field | Text field |
| Domestic | Select from:
| Text field | Text field |
Guidance
International and domestic credit ratings and rating agencies are offered by third-party rating agencies such as Standard & Poor or Moody's. Municipal market participants rely heavily on these indicators of risk when they determine the relative value of municipal investments.
5.6 Are Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) issues incorporated into investment decisions of any of the city retirement funds?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
5.7 How are investment decisions of the city retirement funds made?
Response Options
This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
5.8 Which individuals in the city have responsibility for oversight and/or implementation of investment of the city retirement funds?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Does the individual have responsibility for oversight and/or implementation of investment of the city retirement funds? | |
|---|---|
| City council/elected representatives | Select from:
|
| Treasury or city finance staff | Select from:
|
| Other staff | Select from:
|
5.9 Has your City prepared a strategy for green growth?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
This question seeks to understand whether your city has a strategy in place to achieve economic growth and development through urban activities that reduce negative environmental externalities and the impact on natural resources and environmental services.
- “Green” refers to urban activities (public and private) that reduce negative environmental impact (land-use, transport, buildings, energy, waste, and water)
- “Growth” refers to GDP growth primarily, but also urban quality of life.
Developing a green economy is crucial for a healthy and sustainable future within cities. Green businesses are more competitive, efficient and prepared for the future.
Links to strong city green growth strategies:
5.10 How many people within your City are employed in green jobs/ industries?
Response Options
Numerical field.Guidance
This question considers green growth strategies, including those meant to accelerate investment and job creation in the sustainability sector, encourage the growth of green enterprise districts or clusters, and quantify the economic benefit of climate action. If you do not know, please provide an estimate.
Local Government Emissions
The questions in this section refer to emissions associated with your local government operations (sometimes referred to as “corporate” or “municipal”) emissions.
Section Overview
The module gives you the opportunity to disclose your local government’s emissions inventory as well as some other metrics that will provide a holistic picture of your operations. Calculating an LGO inventory is a good first step into measuring emissions, as the data is more readily available than a city-wide inventory, hence many cities chose to calculate LGO emissions before developing a community inventory.
This section of the questionnaire is divided into 4 pages:
- Boundary and scope (Question 6.0 – 6.4): This page collects information on the approach taken for preparing your emissions inventory. Importantly this page also allows users to define the 12 month period for which data is reported – this period should be consistent throughout the inventory. Where data is not available for an entire 12 month period, please extrapolate your data to a 12 month period.
- Energy Data (Questions 6.5 – 6.6): This page collects information on the energy purchased and consumed over the reporting year.
- GHG Emissions Data (Questions 6.7 – 6.9): This page collects information on the emissions released during the inventory year.
- External Verification (Questions 6.10 – 6.10b): The final page of the local government operations inventory collects information on verification of emissions data.
CDP recognizes that cities use different methodologies to measure their greenhouse gas emissions. As such, at this time CDP does not require cities to use a specific methodology to report to CDP - you may disclose an emissions inventory that has been calculated by any methodology. Please identify the methodology used at the appropriate place in the questionnaire.
CDP also recognizes that many cities have created their own proprietary methodologies for calculating greenhouse gas emissions. If your city fits into this category, please provide as much information as possible about the methods you have used to measure your emissions.
Please note that a metric tonne is equivalent to 2,204.6lbs. The “long ton”, a term generally used in Britain, is equivalent to 2,240lbs and the “short ton”, generally used in the USA, is equivalent to 2,000lbs. The CDP Cities questionnaire asks for CO2e measurements in metric tonnes.
For more information on any of the above considerations, please refer directly to the protocols listed in this section of the guidance document or contact [email protected].
Boundary and scope
6.0 Do you have an emissions inventory for your local government operations to report?
By selecting Yes below, you are indicating that you have fuel and/or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data from your local government operations (sometimes referred to as ‘corporate’ or ‘municipal’ emissions) to report at this time.
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Not intending to undertake
Guidance
The municipal or local government inventory is a subset within the city-wide inventory. City-wide emissions are designed to represent the total quantity of GHG emissions produced by your community (as defined by geographic boundaries) and will therefore include Government emissions which are emissions rising from the local authority’s own estate and operations. You will have the opportunity to describe the methodology or protocol utilized to measure your city’s emissions later in the questionnaire.
For more information on the difference between Government and Community emissions inventories, please see the following documents:
Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP) for the Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (Version 1.1) (a collaboration between The California Air Resources Board, The California Climate Action Registry, The Climate Registry, and ICLEI) International Local Government GHG Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP) developed by ICLEI Appendix B in the Global Protocol for Community-scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (WRI, C40 and ICLEI).
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.1 Please state the dates of the accounting year or 12-month period for which you are reporting an emissions inventory for your local government operations.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| From | To |
|---|---|
| Drop-down calendar | Drop-down calendar |
Guidance
The ORS provides a drop-down calendar for you to enter the dates requested. Entries MUST be for a 12-month period. If you do not have data for the entire 12-month period, please extrapolate to 12 months please extrapolate to 12 months (by multiplying figures [12/x amount of months in inventory] * emissions figures).
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.2 Please indicate the category that best describes the boundary of your local government operations emissions inventory.
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Departments, entities or companies over which operational control is exercised
- Departments, entities or companies over which financial control is exercised
- Other: please specify
Guidance
A drop-down list is provided with the following values:
- Departments, entities or companies over which operational control is exercised;
- Departments, entities or companies over which financial control is exercised;
- Other
The options allow for emissions to be captured from a ranging set of institutions, from government departments to quasi-governmental authorities, public corporations and special purpose vehicles. Further guidance on the suitability of these different methods is available in the Local Government Operations Protocol, the WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol, and Appendix B of the Global Protocol for Community Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories.
If none of the listed options describes your boundary, please select “other” from the drop down list. You will then be provided with a text box in which to describe your boundary.
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.3 Please give the name of the primary protocol, standard, or methodology used to calculate your local government operations emissions inventory.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Primary protocol | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
CDP recognizes that cities use different methodologies to measure their greenhouse gas emissions. As such, at this time CDP does not require cities to use a specific methodology to report local government emissions to CDP - you may disclose an emissions inventory that has been calculated by any methodology.
In the first field you will see a list of methodologies. Please select the methodology on which you base the majority of your calculations. The system will only let you select one methodology. If you do not see your chosen methodology reflected in the list please select “Other” and describe your methodology
- Greenhouse Gas Protocol: Public Sector Standard;
- International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI);
- ISO 14064;
- Local Government Operations Protocol (ICLEI / The Climate Registry / California Climate Action Registry / California Air Resources Board);
- Australian National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination;
- Other
You might have calculated your emissions using multiple methodologies or by slightly modifying an existing methodology. In the comment field, please detail how you have used multiple methodologies or how your city collects and manages data for your local government operations.
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.4 Which gases are included in your emissions inventory?
Response Options
Select all that apply:
- CO2
- CH4
- N2O
- HFCs
- PFCs
- SF6
- NF3
Guidance
The list consists of the main greenhouse gases defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), as well as nitrogen triflouride (NF3).
Energy Data
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.5 Please give the total amount of fuel (refers to Scope 1 emissions) that your local government has consumed this year.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Source | Fuel | Amount | Units |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from Appendix C | Numerical field | Select from:
|
[Add row]
Guidance
The intent of the question is to capture data on fuel that is consumed (converted to end-use energy) directly by your city – referring to Scope 1. Scope 1 emissions are all direct GHG emissions sources owned or operated by the municipal government. This fuel could be used in combustion in owned or controlled boilers, furnaces, vehicles, etc.
The ORS provides a table for your answer with the following fields:
Source
Please select a source of your fuel consumption, the list of emissions sources is the same as in LGO1.2.
Fuel
The second field is a list of fuel types in a drop-down menu. The list of fuels is drawn from WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol Stationary Combustion Guidance document. The fuels are listed in alphabetical order. The most commonly used fuels are provided in the box below.
Under the additional headings of the table – ‘Amount’ and ‘Units’ – please provide the corresponding data for the fuel type used. The energy units should be selected from the following: GWh; MWh; kWh; TJ; GJ; MJ; Therms; Btu; m3; L; Metric tonnes; Short tons. Multiple entries can be made, using the ‘Add Row’ facility at the bottom right of the table.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
Most commonly used fuels, based on 2017 response:
- Diesel/Gas oil
- Natural gas
- Motor gasoline (petrol)
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.6 How much electricity, heat, steam, and cooling (refers to Scope 2 emissions) has your local government purchased for its own consumption during the reporting year?
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Source | Type | Amount | Units |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Select from:
|
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question covers the energy purchased from an energy provider where the fuel has already been converted to electric or thermal energy referring to Scope 2 emissions. Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions as a result of electricity, steam, heating, or cooling that has been purchased or acquired by the municipal government.
As above, please select a consumption source from the ‘Source’ field. In the ‘Type’ field you will find a list of values in a drop-down menu, with the options: electricity; heat; steam; cooling or other. There is also a field for ‘Amount’ - to be expressed as numeric values and ‘Units’ – selected from GWh; MWh; kWh; TJ; GJ; MJ; Therms; Btu; m3; L; Metric tonnes; Short tons. Multiple entries can be made using the ‘Add Row’ facility to the bottom right of the table.
GHG Emissions Data
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.7 Please provide total (Scope 1 + Scope 2) GHG emissions for your local government operations, in metric tonnes CO2e. Scopes are a common categorization method.
Scope 1: All direct GHG emissions
Scope 2: Indirect GHG emissions associated with the consumption of purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heating, or cooling.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Total Scope 1 + Scope 2 emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Total Scope 1 emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Total Scope 2 emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Text field |
Guidance
This question is your opportunity to enter a numeric value for the total figure of your local government’s GHG emissions in the selected year, as well as your total scope 1 and scope 2 emissions if your city disaggregates these emissions. Please note that these are local government operation emissions only and should be provided in metric tonnes CO2e.
Scope 1 emissions are all direct GHG emissions sources owned or operated by the municipal government. Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions as a result of electricity, steam, heating, or cooling that has been purchased or acquired by the municipal government. For more information on scopes see the Local Government Operations Protocol.
If your city has only calculated Scope 1 emissions, provide this in the ‘Total Scope 1’ field, and leave both ‘Total Scope 1 + Scope 2’ and ‘Total Scope 2’ emissions fields blank.
If your city disaggregates emissions into Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, please enter the totals for your accounting year here. Refer to your city’s emissions methodology or protocol to determine if this categorization is relevant for your city. Scopes are a common categorization and more details are available in the following methodologies:
- International Emissions Analysis Protocol
- Local Government Operations Protocol
- WRI / WBCSD Greenhouse Gas Protocol
A table is provided with the following fields:
Total Scope 1 + Scope 2 emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Enter the sum of your total Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions in metric tonnes CO2e as a numeric value.
Total Scope 1 emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Enter your total scope one emissions in metric tonnes CO2e as a numeric value. Scope 1 refers to all direct GHG emissions from the municipal local government operations.
Total Scope 2 emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Enter your total scope one emissions in metric tonnes CO2e as a numeric value.Scope 2 refers to all indirect GHG emissions associated with the consumption of purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heating, or cooling of the municipal local government operations.
Comment
Provide more detail on your scope 1 and 2 emissions reported. Please check that your Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions add up to your total emissions. Please use the comment field to explain any inconsistencies or gaps in data.
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.8 Do you measure local government Scope 3 emissions?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
Guidance
Please answer by selecting “Yes”; “No”; “In progress”; “Intending to undertake in the future”; “Not intending to undertake”; or “Don’t know” from the drop down menu provided. If you answer “Yes” you will be directed to question 6.8a, whereas if you answer “No” or “Not intending to undertake” you will be directed to 6.8b.
As an example, the following description of Scope 3 emissions is taken directly from the ICLEI Local Government Operations Protocol:
- Scope 3: “All other indirect emissions not covered in Scope 2, such as emissions resulting from the extraction and production of purchased materials and fuels, transport-related activities in vehicles not owned or controlled by the reporting entity (e.g., employee commuting and business travel), outsourced activities, waste disposal, etc.”
Further detail on measuring Scope 3 emissions can be found in the ICLEI Local Government Operations Protocol.
If Yes is selected in response to 6.8:
6.8a Please complete the table.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Source of Scope 3 emissions | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This is a table question with three fields to allow explanation of the Scope 3 emissions sources which are included in the local government operations inventory. The fields provided are as follows:
Source of Scope 3 emissions
Provide a breakdown of the different categories of scope 3 emissions by choosing a source from the list of values:
- Employee Commuting;
- Employee Business Travel;
- Emissions from Contracted Services;
- Upstream Production of Materials and Fuels;
- Upstream and Downstream Transportation of Materials and Fuels;
- Waste Related Scope 3 Emission Sources;
- Other
You can find more information on scope 3 upstream and downstream activities here.
Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Provide the amount of CO2e emitted for each source.
Comment
Provide more detail about your Scope 3 emissions reported.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
|
Source of Scope 3 emissions |
Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
|
Employee commuting |
4000 |
Estimate based on a survey conducted amongst city employees regarding their ways of traveling to work |
If No or Not intending to undertake is selected in response to 6.8:
6.8b Please explain why not and detail your plans to do so in the future, if any.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reasoning | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
If you do not measure Scope 3 emissions, please explain why not.
Reasoning
In this field, select from the following options in the drop-down menu the most appropriate reason for why you do not measure scope 3 emissions in your local government operations :
- Lack of data;
- Low data quality;
- Lack of knowledge/capacity;
- Lack of funding/resources;
- Scope categorization not used;
- Not required by national authorities;
- Not required by international agreements;
- Local government Scope 3 emissions have been assessed as insignificant;
- Other.
Explanation
Please provide more information or context on the reason selected in the previous field.
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.9 Please indicate if your local government operations emissions have increased, decreased, or stayed the same since your last emissions inventory, and please describe why.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Change in emissions | Reason for change | Please explain |
|---|---|---|
Select from:
| If “Increased” is selected:
| Text field |
Guidance
The purpose of this table is to understand the change in emissions over time and the factors which led to that change.
Change in emissions
In the first field, please select how your emissions have changed compared to the emissions you reported last time. A drop down with the following list of values is provided:
- Increased;
- Decreased;
- Stayed the same;
- This is our first year of calculation;
- Do not know.
Reason for change
In the second field, please select from the drop down menu to indicate the reason you have identified that led to this change.
For example, if you previously reported emissions from 2012 and you are now reporting emissions from 2014 please explain any material difference in the figures. For instance, you may have experienced population increase, which may have affected the figures.
Please explain
Please provide more information or context on the reasons selected in the ‘reason for change’ field.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
|
Change in emissions |
Reason for change |
Please explain |
|---|---|---|
|
Decreased |
Policy change |
Last year we reported emissions from our last inventory calculated in 2012. This year we have updated our inventory and notice a decrease in our total emissions. We believe this change is the result of the policies which we have implemented aimed at reducing emissions, including installing LED street lighting, and improving municipal transport infrastructure. |
External Verification
If Yes is selected in response to 6.0:
6.10 Has the GHG emissions data you are currently reporting been externally verified or audited in part or in whole?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Guidance
City governments (or any large organization) may see value in having external verification or auditing of their emissions and emission reduction efforts. This can ensure higher levels of quality control / quality assurance. The ability to call on verified data may provide your government with a powerful tool in efforts to influence policy or regulation at other levels of government or with other community stakeholders.
Please respond to indicate whether your local government emissions have been externally verified or audited by selecting “Yes”, “No”, “In progress”, “Intending to undertake in future”, “Not intending to undertake” or “Do not know” from the drop down menu. If you select “Yes” you will be directed to Question 6.10a. If you select “No” you will be directed to Question 6.10b.
If Yes is selected in response to 6.10:
6.10a Please provide the following information about the emissions verification process.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Name of verifier | Year of verification | Attach verification certificate | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Numerical field | Attach your document here. | Text field |
Guidance
In the table d, please state the name of the verifier, provide the year of verification and attach your verification certificate in the fields provided. To attach a document click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach & Save’ to attach the document. In the “Comments” field, please provide additional details on your verification process, such as:
- Percentage of emission inventory audited
- Sections of emission inventory audited
- Auditors responsible for verification
If No, Not intending to undertake or Intending to undertake in future is selected in response to 6.10:
6.10b Please explain why your local government operations inventory is not verified and describe any future plans for verification.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Comments |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Please give more details on whether and how you plan to verify your emissions related to your local government operations in the future by selecting an option from the drop down options in the “Reason” field; providing a comment on this selection in the “Comments” field.
City-wide Emissions
The questions in this section refer to your city’s city-wide (sometimes referred to as “geographic” or “community”) emissions inventory. This inventory encompasses emissions which are within a particular city boundary, over which local governments can exercise a degree of influence through the policies and regulations they implement.
Section Overview
This module gives you the opportunity to disclose your community (or “city-wide”) emissions inventory as well as some other metrics that will provide a holistic picture of your emissions and activities.
This section of the questionnaire is divided into 3 pages:
- GHG Emissions Data (Questions 7.0-7.11): This page defines the 12 month period over which data is reported and the boundary of your community emissions inventory – this period and boundary should be consistent throughout the inventory. You must provide a 12 month period.
- External Verification (Question 7.12): The page of the community emissions inventory collects information on verification of emissions data.
- Re-stating previous emissions inventories (Question 7.13): This final page is about any past city-wide emission inventories that might have been recalculated since the last submission.
In general, emissions from local government operations represent only a small portion of overall emissions from the community over which the government has jurisdiction. Capturing community emissions – often referred to as the “geographic” or “city-wide” emissions inventory – creates a snapshot of all local activities and their contribution to global climate change. Collating community emissions can provide a basis from which cities can develop policy and enact regulation with the aim of reducing these emissions.
Global momentum is growing around the protocol created by C40, WRI, ICLEI, and the World Bank, called the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories. A number of large cities have piloted the first version of this methodology in 2013, and the partnership published this full version in 2014. CDP Cities recommend this framework for emissions inventory and it is a requirement of Global Covenant of Mayors reporting compliance.
Many other methodologies exist. It may be the case that individual cities are using methodologies designed for national or regional inventories, but ‘downscaling’ them for their jurisdictions. Thus, using the IPCC national inventory framework as the basic accounting architecture, but tailoring to local circumstances to manage data availability and reliability issues, is one approach. Other examples include the use of Greenhouse Gas Regional Inventory Protocol (GRIP), which, as the name implies, is designed for regional calculations. Some cities have adapted this framework for their boundaries (e.g. Sacramento, California). Even cities that use common approaches produce variations in what is included in their community emissions. The World Bank, UNEP and UN Habitat have also created an emissions inventory protocol for cities (International Standard for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities) (Note that this protocol will be replaced by the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Inventories).
Cities can report their emissions on CDP’s platform regardless of which protocol or methodology they have used to develop their inventory.
City-wide GHG Emissions Data
7.0 Does your city have a city-wide emissions inventory to report?
By selecting Yes below, you are indicating that you have fuel and/or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data from the entire city area over which the city government can exercise a degree of influence through the policies and regulations they implement (sometimes referred to as ‘geographic’ or ‘community’ emissions) to report at this time.
Response Options
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
Question 7.0 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your GHG emissions inventory to meet compliance, please report a city-wide inventory in the format of the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG emissions (GPC), including the mandatory data points and within the right timeframe. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding GHG emissions inventory outlined in question 7.3.
Guidance
City-wide (sometimes referred to as “community” or “geographic”): encompassing emissions which are within a particular geopolitical region, over which local governments can exercise a degree of influence through the policies and regulations they implement.
For more information on the difference between Government and Community emissions inventories, please see the following documents:
- Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP) for the Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (Version 1.1) (a collaboration between The California Air Resources Board, The California Climate Action Registry, The Climate Registry, and ICLEI)
- International Local Government GHG Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP) developed by ICLEI
- Appendix B in the Global Protocol for Community-scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (WRI, C40 and ICLEI).
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0:
7.1 Please state the dates of the accounting year or 12-month period for which you are reporting a city-wide GHG emissions inventory.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| From | To |
|---|---|
| Drop-down calendar | Drop-down calendar |
Question 7.1 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your GHG emissions inventory to meet compliance, please report a city-wide inventory in the format of the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG emissions (GPC), including the mandatory data points and within the right timeframe. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding GHG emissions inventory outlined in question 7.3.
Guidance
The ORS provides a drop-down calendar for you to enter the dates requested. Entries must be for a 12-month period. Please provide the start date of the period for which your emissions inventory represents in the first field, and the end date of the period for which it represents in the second. If you do not have data for the entire 12-month period, please extrapolate to 12 months.
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0:
7.2 Please indicate the category that best describes the boundary of your city-wide GHG emissions inventory.
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Administrative boundary of a local government
- Combination of administrative divisions
- A metropolitan area
- Other: please specify
Question 7.2 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your GHG emissions inventory to meet compliance, please report a city-wide inventory in the format of the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG emissions (GPC), including the mandatory data points and within the right timeframe. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding GHG emissions inventory outlined in question 7.3.
Guidance
In your answer, please choose from the list of values provided:
- Administrative boundary of a local government
- Combination of administrative divisions
- A metropolitan area
- Other
Administrative boundary of a local government refers to the area covered by the jurisdiction of a single local government, usually at the sub-city level (e.g. a borough of ward).
Combination of administrative divisions refers to the area covered by the jurisdiction of multiple local governments, usually at the sub-city level.
A metropolitan area, also referred to as metropolitan region or metro area, consists of a single large urban area or an agglomeration of urban areas, and usually comprises multiple local governments.
Examples of approaches that might be used by your city other than its geopolitical boundary include metro-wide, county or regional GHG accounting. Circumstances where this might be undertaken include where your city’s geopolitical boundary is small relative to the total population, economic activity and land area that are symbiotic with a particular urban core or center.
If you select ‘Other’, you will be given the opportunity to enter the relevant boundary in a text box.
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0:
7.3 Does your city have a city-wide emissions inventory that aligns with the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC)?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
Question 7.3 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
GPC Framework
Cities are asked to compile and report a city-wide GHG emissions inventory following the international standard of the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG emissions (GPC). The GPC offers cities and local governments a robust, transparent, and globally-accepted framework to consistently identify, calculate, and report on city greenhouse gases.
The GPC standard classifies GHG emissions into “scopes”, depending on where they physically occur, and into six main sectors, which are then broken down by sub-sectors. It covers the seven gases included in the Kyoto Protocol.
Compiling a GPC inventory
The GPC is a flexible framework that can be used to compile a city’s first GHG emissions inventory, or to input an existing emissions inventory, even if it was measured with different methodologies. Various tools have been freely made available to cities to compile an emissions inventory in the format of the GPC and can be found on the Global Covenant of Mayors website.
Inventory Requirements
The Global Covenant asks cities to report a minimum amount of GHG emissions data using the GPC framework. Each compliance year has different requirements, until cities ultimately meet the GPC’s BASIC level in Year 3 (See p.13 of the GPC manual for further information regarding the BASIC level). Please see Table 2 and Table 3 below for a breakdown of the mandatory data points to be reported in the GPC inventory.
GPC requirements per year
| Sectors | Gases | Activity Data & Emissions Factors | Inventory Timeframe | Data Quality Assessment | Methodology and Notation Keys | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year 1 |
|
CO2 | Optional | The inventory year may be no more than four years prior to the reporting year (see Table 4) | A data quality assessment for both activity data and emissions factors should be conducted for each emission source reported | A short description of the methodologies used to measure emissions should be provided, as well as reasons for using notation keys |
| Year 2 |
|
CO2 |
Mandatory for each emission source reported |
|||
| Year 3 |
|
CO2 CH4 N2O |
Mandatory for each emission source reported |
The GPC standard classifies GHG emissions into scopes and into six main sectors. Table 3 below shows the GPC emissions summary table including the annual compliance requirements broken down by sector and by scope.
GPC emissions summary table including annual compliance requirement
Activity Data
Within 2 years, the activity data and emission factors underpinning the GHG inventory must be disclosed and reported.
Unavailability of Data and Notation Keys
The notation keys Not Occurring (NO), Included Elsewhere (IE) or Confidential (C) can be used to accommodate limitations in data availability. Please note that the notation key Not Estimated (NE) will not be accepted for mandatory emission sources.
In case of data unavailability, please report an emissions estimate. Cities can, for instance, downscale national or regional data, note the low-quality data, and explain the circumstances in the comments section. If reporting insignificant emission sources, the notation Not Occurring (NO) may be used.
Inventory Reporting Frequency
The inventory year may be no more than four years prior to the reporting year, see Table 4 below. A complete updated inventory shall be required every four years. Over time, we encourage cities to update their inventories on a more frequent basis (e.g. annually) to improve monitoring and reporting of city-wide GHG emissions. In between years when inventories are updated, cities are encouraged to identify and report improvements made to the quality of their inventory, focusing both on data availability and quality, and areas where outstanding data challenges exist.
GHG Emissions Inventory Reporting Frequency
Guidance
To allow for more credible reporting, meaningful benchmarking and aggregation of climate data, greater consistency in GHG accounting is required. The Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) responds to this challenge, offering a robust and clear framework that builds on existing methodologies for calculating and reporting city-wide GHG emissions.
Various tools have been produced to help cities develop a city-wide inventory in the format of a GPC, CDP recommends the CIRIS GPC reporting tool (City Inventory Reporting and Information System) which you can use to enter your breakdown of fuel use and emissions by subsector and scope according to the requirements of the GPC. Please click here to download. Cities can also use the ClearPath tool to report their GPC inventories.
Please indicate by the dropdown menu whether your emissions inventory aligns with the GPC framework
If Yes is selected in response to 7.3:
7.3a Please provide a summary of emissions by sector and scope as defined in the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC) in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Sector and scope (GPC reference number) | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|
| Stationary Energy: energy use – Scope 1 (I.X.1) | Numerical field |
| Stationary Energy: energy use – Scope 2 (I.X.2) | Numerical field |
| Stationary Energy: energy use – Scope 3 (I.X.3) | Numerical field |
| Stationary Energy: energy generation supplied to the grid – Scope 1 (I.4.4) | Numerical field |
| Transportation – Scope 1 (II.X.1) | Numerical field |
| Transportation – Scope 2 (II.X.2) | Numerical field |
| Transportation – Scope 3 (II.X.3) | Numerical field |
| Waste: waste generated within the city boundary – Scope 1 (III.X.1) | Numerical field |
| Waste: waste generated within the city boundary – Scope 3 (III.X.2) | Numerical field |
| Waste: waste generated outside the city boundary – Scope 1 (III.X.3) | Numerical field |
| Industrial Processes and Product Use – Scope 1 (IV) | Numerical field |
| Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use – Scope 1 (V) | Numerical field |
| TOTAL Scope 1 (Territorial) emissions | Numerical field |
| TOTAL Scope 2 emissions | Numerical field |
| TOTAL Scope 3 emissions | Numerical field |
| TOTAL BASIC emissions | Numerical field |
| TOTAL BASIC+ emissions | Numerical field |
Question 7.3a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding GHG emissions inventory outlined in question 7.3.
Guidance
The GPC standard classifies GHG emissions into “scopes,” depending on where they physically occur, and into six main sectors, which are then broken down by sub-sectors. If you have chosen to report using the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI), please use the embedded table to disaggregate and report your emissions by sector and by scope, as according to table 4.2 of the GPC:
Sector and Scope (GPC reference number)
Please fill in every row of the table with the relevant emissions. Remember to only report data for the 12 month time-period selected in Q 7.1.
- Stationary Energy: energy use – Scope 1 (I.X.1);
- Stationary Energy: energy use – Scope 2 (I.X.2);
- Stationary Energy: energy use – Scope 3 (I.X.3);
- Stationary Energy: energy generation supplied to the grid – Scope 1 (I.4.4);
- Transportation – Scope 1 (II.X.1);
- Transportation – Scope 2 (II.X.2);
- Transportation – Scope 3 (II.X.3);
- Waste: waste generated within the city boundary – Scope 1 (III.X.1);
- Waste: waste generated within the city boundary – Scope 3 (III.X.2);
- Waste: waste generated outside the city boundary – Scope 1 (III.X.3);
- Industrial Processes and Product Use – Scope 1 (IV);
- Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use – Scope 1 (V);
- TOTAL Scope 1 (Territorial emissions);
- TOTAL Scope 2 emissions;
- TOTAL Scope 3 emissions;
- TOTAL BASIC emissions;
- TOTAL BASIC and BASIC+ emissions.
- ‘BASIC’ emissions includes scope 1 and scope 2 emissions from stationary energy and transportation, as well as scope 1 and scope 3 emissions from waste.
- ‘BASIC+’ additionally includes emissions from IPPU and AFOLU and transboundary transportation (scope 3 'energy use' and 'transportation').
Emissions Metric Tonnes CO2e
Enter the corresponding quantity of emissions in metric tonnes CO2e.
If No or In progress is selected in response to 7.3:
7.4 Please give the name of the primary protocol, standard, or methodology you have used to calculate your city’s city-wide GHG emissions.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Primary protocol | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Question 7.4 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your GHG emissions inventory to meet compliance, please report a city-wide inventory in the format of the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG emissions (GPC) (you can report this information in question 7.3), including the mandatory data points and within the right timeframe. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding GHG emissions inventory outlined in question 7.3.
Guidance
In the ORS, you will see a list of methodologies developed by third parties. Please select the primary methodology that you followed in measuring greenhouse gas emissions for your community. If you do not see your chosen methodology reflected in the list please select “Other” and describe your methodology.
The values provided are:
- International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI);
- International Standard for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities (UNEP, UN Habitat, World Bank);
- 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories;
- U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI);
- Greenhouse gas Inventory & Research Center of Korea (GIR);
- Regional or country specific methodology;
- City specific methodology;
- Other.
Please select “Other” if you use a proprietary methodology or a third party methodology that you do not see listed here. Enter the name of the methodology in the text box provided.
If you select either 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, International Standard for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities (UNEP and World Bank) or Greenhouse Gas Inventory & Research Center of Korea (GIR), you will be directed to answer Questions 7.6a.
If you select International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI), you will be directed to answer Questions 7.6b.
If you select U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI), you will be directed to answer Questions 7.6c.
If you choose ‘Regional or country specific methodology’, ‘City specific methodology’ or ‘Other’ you will be directed to answer Questions C1.6d.
In the “Comment” field please provide more detail on the methodology used on which you base the majority of your calculations or whether you utilized a combination of protocols.
If No or In progress is selected in response to 7.3:
7.4a Which gases are included in your city-wide emissions inventory?
Response Options
Select all that apply:
- CO2
- CH4
- N2O
- HFCs
- PFCs
- SF6
- NF3
Guidance
The list consists of the main greenhouse gases defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), as well as nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).
If No or In progress is selected in response to 7.3:
7.4b Please provide a breakdown of your GHG emissions by scope. Where values are not available, please use the comment field to indicate the reason why.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Scope | Metric tonnes CO2e | Level of confidence | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scope 1 emissions excluding emissions from grid-supplied energy generation | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
| Scope 1 emissions from grid-supplied energy generation within the city boundary | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
| Total Scope 1 emissions (Row 1 + Row 2) | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
| Total Scope 2 emissions | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
| Total (Scope 1 + Scope 2) emissions | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
| Total Scope 3 emissions | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
If you categorize your emissions by scope, please enter the appropriate figures for your Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions. Where values are not available, please use the comment field to indicate the reason why.
For example, if your city has only calculated scope 1 emissions, provide this in rows 1, 2 and 3, and leave scope 2 and 3 emissions blank.
Scope
This table question breaks down emissions into scope 1, 2 and scope 3. Scope 1 emissions are further split into emissions excluding grid-supplied energy generation and emissions exclusively from grid-supplied energy generation within your city boundaries. For more information on 'scopes' consult the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI).
Metric tonnes CO2e
Your answers will be numeric entries (metric tonnes of CO2e) in the second field. If you do not break down your scope 1 emissions in this way, then please still fill in your “total scope 1 emissions” in this row.
Level of confidence
Please select the level of confidence associated with your total emissions figure.
- High – select high if your scope breakdown has a high level of accuracy
- Medium – select medium if your scope breakdown has a medium level of accuracy
- Low – select low if your scope breakdown has a low level of accuracy
Comments
If you do not have the full breakdown of your city’s emissions by scope, please use the comments field to indicate this, and any reasoning you may have.
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0:
7.5 Please attach your city-wide inventory in the table below.
If you have an inventory in the format of the GPC, please attach it below. You can download the GPC Reporting Tool (CIRIS) here. If you are using the ClearPath tool, please attach both extracts in the table below. If your inventory is not in the format of a GPC, you can also attach it below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Emissions inventory format | Document title | Attachment | Level of confidence | Comment on level of confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Text Field |
Attach your document here. |
Select from:
|
Text field |
[Add Row]
Question 7.5 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
For your GHG emissions inventory to meet compliance, please report a city-wide inventory in the format of the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG emissions (GPC) (you can report this information in question 7.3), including the mandatory data points and within the right timeframe. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding GHG emissions inventory outlined in question 7.3.
ClearPath
ClearPath is ICLEI’s online GHG inventory tool for local governments worldwide, made available to cities committed to the Global Covenant of Mayors. Cities using the ClearPath tool can report their GPC inventories through the CDP platform by following the instructions below.
In the ClearPath tool, please click on the ‘Reports’ tab to access your data summary reports and extract your inventory data in in .xls format. You will have the option of exporting your GPC inventory in various formats, identify the two formats detailed below and click on ‘export’ on the far right of the table to start the downloading process (see screenshot below).
Reports to extract:
- ‘GPC overview’
- ‘Detailed report’
These two reports contain the data points that will be checked against Global Covenant of Mayors requirements.
Once extracted, please save the two reports onto your computer and attach them to the table.
If you have an inventory in the format of the GPC, please attach it below. You can download the GPC Reporting Tool (CIRIS) here. If you are using the ClearPath tool, please attach both extracts in the table below. If your inventory is not in the format of a GPC, you can also attach it below.
Please note Macro-Enabled workbooks that use the “.xlsm” format (e.g. CIRIS, earlier versions of the GPC reporting tool) should be saved as Excel workbooks “.xlsx” in order to be attached to the questionnaire.
Emissions inventory format
Select the format of your inventory from the options provided in the drop down menu.
Document title
Provide the title of your emissions inventory
Attach your inventory
Use this field to attach your city’s inventory. You can do this by clicking “Chose file”, navigating to the inventory file and clicking “Attach”.
Level of confidence
Please select the level of confidence associated with your total emissions figure.
- High – select high if your inventory has a high level of accuracy
- Medium – select medium if your inventory has a medium level of accuracy
- Low – select low if your inventory has a low level of accuracy
Comment on level of confidence
Use this text box to comment on your selection in the Level of confidence drop down
If 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Greenhouse gas Inventory & Research Center of Korea (GIR), or International Standard for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities (UNEP and World Bank) is selected in response to 7.4:
7.6a Where it will facilitate a greater understanding of your city-wide emissions, please provide a breakdown of these emissions by IPCC sector in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| IPCC sector | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Numerical field |
Guidance
The purpose of this question is to understand the brekadown of your city's emissions by sector, as defined by the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
You are provided with a table in the ORS to structure your repsonse. Using the 'Add row' function in this table allows you to report your city's emisisons breakdown using multiple sectors and scopes.
PCC Sector: Please select the relevant sector as defined by the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories:
- Energy
- Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)
- Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)
- Waste
- Other
Sector: Please indicate the relevant GHG emissions sub-sector from the drop down options
Scope: Please indicate the scope considered for each sector
Emissions: Emissions associated with that sector
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| IPCC Sector | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Energy |
Stationary energy (buildings) |
Scope 1 |
475000 |
|
Energy |
Public buildings |
Scope 2 |
15000 |
|
Energy |
Transport |
Scope 1 |
35000 |
|
Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) |
Waste |
Scope 1 |
10000 |
|
Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) |
Transport |
Scope 1 |
30000 |
|
Waste |
Waste |
Scope 1 |
50000 |
If International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) is selected in response to 7.4:
7.6b Where it will facilitate a greater understanding of your city-wide emissions, please provide a breakdown of these emissions by UNFCCC Sector.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| UNFCCC Sector | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Numerical field |
Guidance
The purpose of this question is to understand the breakdown of your city's emissions by UNFCCC Sector.
You are provided with a table in the ORS to structure your response. Using the 'Add row' function in this table allows you to report your city's emissions breakdown using multiple sectors and scopes.
UNFCCC Sector: Please select the relevant sector as defined by the UNFCCC under the International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI):
- Stationary Energy
- Transport
- Fugitive Emissions
- Industrial Processes
- Agriculture
- Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry
- Solid Waste Disposal
- Wastewater Treatment and Discharge
- Other
Sector: Please indicate the relevant GHG emissions sub-sector from the drop down options
Scope: Please indicate the scope considered for each sector
Emissions: Emissions associated with that sector
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| UNFCCC Sector | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy | Stationary energy (buildings) | Scope 1 | 475000 |
| Energy | Public buildings | Scope 2 | 15000 |
| Energy | Transport | Scope 1 | 35000 |
| Industrial Processes | Waste | Scope 1 | 10000 |
| Agriculture | Transport | Scope 1 | 30000 |
| Solid Waste Disposal | Waste | Scope 1 | 50000 |
If U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI) is selected in response to 7.4:
7.6c Where it will facilitate a greater understanding of your city-wide emissions, please provide a breakdown of these emissions by the US Community Protocol sources.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| US Community Protocol Sources | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Numerical field |
Guidance
The purpose of this question is to understand the breakdown of your city's emissions by source. You are provided with a table in the ORS to structure your response. Using the 'Add row' function in this table allows you to report your city's emissions breakdown using multiple sectors and scopes.
U.S. Community Protocol Sources: Please select the relevant sector as defined by the U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI):
- Built Environment
- Transportation and Other Mobile Sources
- Solid Waste
- Wastewater and Water
- Agricultural Livestock
- Upstream Impacts of Community-Wide Activities
Sector: Please indicate the relevant GHG emissions sub-sector from the drop down options
Scope: Please indicate the scope considered for each sector
Emissions: Emissions associated with that sector
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| US Community Protocol Sources | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Upstream impacts of community‐wide activities |
Stationary energy (buildings) |
Scope 1 |
475000 |
|
Upstream impacts of community‐wide activities |
Public buildings |
Scope 2 |
15000 |
|
Upstream impacts of community‐wide activities |
Transport |
Scope 1 |
35000 |
|
Built Environment |
Waste |
Scope 1 |
10000 |
|
Agricultural livestock |
Transport |
Scope 1 |
30000 |
|
Solid Waste |
Waste |
Scope 1 |
50000 |
If Regional or country specific methodology, City specific methodology or Other is selected in response to 7.4:
7.6d Where it will facilitate a greater understanding of your city-wide emissions, please provide a breakdown of these emissions by end user, or any other classification system used in your city.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Source | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Select from:
| Select from:
| Numerical field |
Guidance
The purpose of this question is to learn more about how your city government breaks down emissions, which can be valuable information for comparative understanding between cities. Please note that this question is flexible to accommodate many of the different kinds of categories used by cities.
You are provided with a table in the ORS to structure your response. Examples of how your city might characterize and differentiate emissions are listed below and also shown in an example table:
Sector/End User:
- End user: buildings, transport, water utilities, wastewater utilities, etc.
- Economic sector: commercial, residential, industrial, agricultural, freight and logistics, etc.
- Other: please describe if your city uses another classification approach (e.g. by geography or zone, by zoning or land use classification, etc.)
Sector: Please indicate which the relevant GHG emissions sector from the drop down options
Scope: please indicate the scope considered for each sector
Emissions: emissions associated with that sector
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| End user / Economic sector / Other | Sector | Scope | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Buildings |
Buildings |
Scope 1 |
475000 |
|
Water |
Water |
Scope 1 |
15000 |
|
Waste |
Waste |
Scope 1 |
10000 |
|
Transport |
Transport |
Scope 1 |
30000 |
|
Other |
Other |
Scope 1 |
5000 |
If No or In progress is selected in response to 7.3:
7.7 Please give the total amount of fuel (referring to Scope 1 emissions) consumed in your city during the reporting year.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Fuel | Amount | Units | End user/ Economic sector/ IPCC sector/ Other | Sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select from Appendix C | Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field | Select from:
|
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question asks you to provide the total amount of fuel that has been consumed within your city-wide reporting boundary during the reporting year - referring to Scope 1 emissions. Each amount of fuel reported will depend on the types of fuel used within your boundary and the quantity of each fuel used. For instance, you might include the fuel consumed by residential, commercial, and industrial buildings, and road transportation. Do not include emissions from the generation of grid-supplied energy. Your total will depend on which fuel sources you measure and what you include within your boundary.
For help converting fuel data to energy units see Appendix C.
The ORS provides a table for your answer. The ‘Fuel’ field contains a drop-down menu with fuels drawn from the WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol Stationary Combustion Guidance document and is provided with definitions in Appendix C of this document.
‘Units’ should be selected from the following: GWh; MWh; kWh; TJ; GJ; MJ; Therms; Btu; m3; L; Metric tonnes.
Multiple entries can be made, using the ‘Add Row’ facility at the bottom right of the table.
Please give a description on how the fuel was used and what it was used for in the ‘Source’ field. For example, a total fuel consumption figure by the local airport or fuel use by the bus fleet can be reported. In the ‘Sector’ field, enter the corresponding sector for the amount entered.
If No or In progress is selected in response to 7.3:
7.8 How much electricity, heat, steam, and cooling (referring to Scope 2) has been consumed by your city during the reporting year?
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Type | Amount | Units | End user / Economic sector / IPCC sector / Other | Sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field | Select from:
|
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question asks you to detail the amount of electricity, heat, steam, or cooling, referring to Scope 2 emissions that has been supplied to all of the entities within your city-wide boundary during the reporting year. Your number will depend on which energy users you include in your total. For instance, you might include residential, commercial, and industrial buildings and rail transportation.
In the ‘Type‘ field, please select a value from the dropdown list (electricity, heat, steam and/or other) you want to provide an amount for. Enter the amount and select its corresponding unit in the following fields. Please also give a description on how the fuel was used and what it was used for in the ‘End user‘ field. In the ‘Sector‘ field, enter the corresponding sector for the amount entered.
If No or In progress is selected in response to 7.3:
7.9 Does your city have a breakdown by source of city-wide Scope 3 emissions?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
Guidance
Scope 3 emissions are “All other indirect emissions that occur outside the boundary as a result of activities within the community’s geopolitical boundary, as well as trans-boundary emissions due to exchange/use/consumption of goods and services” as defined by the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI).
Please provide an answer using the drop down menu provided. If you answered “Yes” you will be directed to question Q 7.9a, if you answer “No”, “intending to undertake in the future”, or “not intending to undertake” you will be directed to question Q7.9b
Examples of Scope 3 emissions that a city may include in its community emissions inventory include:
- Emissions from landfills outside the community’s boundary
- Emissions from ships, trains and airplanes used to ferry passengers and freight to and from the boundary of a community.
For more information on Scope 3 emissions, please see ICLEI International Emissions Analysis Protocol and Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GPC).
If Yes is selected in response to 7.9:
7.9a Please provide a breakdown of your city’s scope 3 emissions.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Source of Scope 3 emissions | Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
Variations exist between cities in how Scope 3 emissions are calculated. The information you provide in the question will assist in making comparison between cities and drawing lessons learned that can assist cities in selecting and implementing appropriate methods for accurately measuring and managing this type of emissions.
This is a table question with three fields to allow explanation of the Scope 3 emissions sources which are included in the city-wide inventory.
Source of Scope 3 emissions
Select from the drop-down list provided to report the source of your scope 3 emissions:
- Goods and services;
- Upstream emissions from energy use;
- Water;
- Wastewater;
- Road;
- Aviation;
- Waste;
- Transmission and distribution losses;
- Railways;
- Water-borne navigation;
- Food;
- Other
Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Enter the amount of CO2e emitted for each source as a numeric value.
Comment
Provide more detail about your Scope 3 emissions reported.
If No, Intending to undertake in future or Not intending to undertake is selected in response to 7.9:
7.9b Please explain why not and detail your plans to do so in the future, if any.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reasoning | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Please give more details on whether and how you plan to verify your city-wide emissions in the future by selecting an option from the drop down options in the “Reasoning” field; providing a comment on this selection in the “Explanation” field.
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0
7.10 Do you have any credits or offsets resulting in a change to your city’s net emissions that you would like to report?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
A carbon offset is a reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gases made in order to compensate for or to offset an emission made elsewhere.
If offset credits are generated in the geographic boundary and sold, these should be documented separately from emissions reporting. In addition, any offsets purchased from outside the geographic boundary should be separately reported and not “netted” or deducted from the reported inventory results.
If Yes is selected in response to 7.10
7.10a Please provide details on the credits or offsets.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Type of offset or credit | Emissions saved (metric tonnes CO2e) | Sector | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
To ensure transparency and prevent “double counting” of emissions reductions, cities shall document any sold GHG offsets from projects located within the inventory boundary as well as any credits purchased from projects located outside of the city boundary for the purpose of goal attainment.
Type of offset or credit
- Scope 2 emissions based on a market-based method calculation;
- Offset credit transactions generated within the boundary and sold;
- Offset credit transactions purchased from outside of the boundary;
- Renewable energy generation produced within the geographic boundary, or reflecting an investment by the city;
- Renewable energy credits;
- Other
Emissions saved (metric tonnes CO2e)
Indicate in metric tonnes CO2e the emissions saving generated by the offset or credit.
Sector
Select from the drop down menu the sector in which the offset or credit exists in
Comment
Provide further details by about the offset or credit such as the investment value, purchasing or selling party, specifics of the sector or details about the method of calculation
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0
7.11 Please indicate if your city-wide emissions have increased, decreased, or stayed the same since your last emissions inventory, and please describe why.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Change in emissions | Reason for change | Please explain |
|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| If “Increased” is selected:
| Text field |
Guidance
The purpose of this table question is to understand the change in your emissions over time and the factors which have led to that change. Changes in emissions could be due to emissions reduction actions, changes to your electricity mix, changes in methodology etc.
In the ‘Change in emissions’ field, please select how your emissions have changed compared to the emissions you reported last time:
- Increased;
- Decreased;
- Stayed the same;
- This is our first year of calculation;
- Do not know
Reason for change
Please select from the drop down menu to indicate some of the reasons you have identified that led to the change in emissions.
For example, if you previously reported emissions from 2012 and you are now reporting emissions from 2014 please explain any material difference in the figures. For instance, your city may have changed the emissions accounting methodology which may have affected the figures.
Please explain
Please provide more information or context on the reasons for change that you have selected.
In cases where there is no change from data previously reported indicate that there is no change and why.
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Change in emissions | Reason for change | Please describe why |
|---|---|---|
|
Decreased |
Technological change |
City-wide GHG emissions were 5% lower in 2015 compared to 2012, when we last reported our inventory. This is due to a successful home energy efficiency program and further de-carbonization of the national electricity grid |
City-wide External Verification
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0:
7.12 Has the city-wide GHG emissions data you are currently reporting been externally verified or audited in part or in whole?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Guidance
City governments (or any large organization) may see value in having external verification or auditing of their emissions and emission reduction efforts. This can ensure higher levels of quality control / quality assurance.
Please answer by selecting “Yes”; “No”; “In progress”; “Intending to undertake in the future”; “Not intending to undertake”; or “Don’t know” from the drop down menu provided. If you answer “Yes” you will be directed to question 7.12a, whereas if you answer “No”, “Not intending to undertake” or “Intending to undertake” you will be directed to 7.12b.
For more information about external verification see chapter 12 of the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GPC)
If Yes is selected in response to 7.12:
7.12a Please provide the following information about the city-wide emissions verification.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Name of verifier | Year of verification | Attach verification certificate | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Numerical field | Attachment your document here. | Text field |
Guidance
This is a table question with four fields to provide an opportunity to describe relevant information about this verification process with the following headings:
Name of verifier
List the names of organizations which have verfied your greenhouse gas emissions
Year of verification
State the year in which the verification occurred.
Attach a verification certificate
This function allows you to attach your verification certificate document. To attach a document click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach & Save’ to attach the document. In the “Comments” field, please provide additional details on your verification process, such as:
- Percentage of emission inventory audited
- Sections of emission inventory audited
If No, Not intending to undertake or Intending to undertake in future is selected in response to 7.12:
7.12b Please explain why your city-wide emissions inventory is not verified and describe any plans to verify your city-wide emissions in the future.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Comments |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Please give more details on whether and how you plan to verify your emissions related to your local government operations in the future by selecting an option from the drop down options in the “Reason” field; providing a comment on this selection in the “Comments” field.
Re-stating previous emissions inventories
If Yes is selected in response to 7.0:
7.13 Since your last submission, have you needed to recalculate any past city-wide GHG emission inventories previously reported to CDP?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
This question gives cities the opportunity to update previously submitted emissions figures.
All emissions over time should be estimated consistently, which means that as far as possible, the time series should be calculated using the same methods, data sources and boundary definitions in all years. Using different methods, data or applying different boundaries in a time series may result in an unrepresentative change of figures, as a result of methodological refinements, rather than a real change in emissions or removals.
Cities may undergo significant changes, which will alter a city’s historical emissions profile and make meaningful comparisons over time difficult. In order to maintain consistency over time, emissions for previous years should be retroactively recalculated to reflect changes in the city that would otherwise compromise the consistency and relevance of the reported GHG emissions information.
If Yes is selected in response to 7.13:
7.13a Please provide your city’s recalculated total city-wide emissions figures for any previous inventories along with Scope 1, 2 and 3 breakdowns where applicable.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Inventory date from | Inventory date to | Scope | Previous emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Updated emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Updated methodology | Attach your new inventory | Reasoning for recalculating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Date field |
Date field |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
See drop-down options below |
Attach your document here. |
Text field |
[Add Row]
Updated methodology drop-down options
Select from:
- Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC)
- International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI)
- International Standard for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities (UNEP and World Bank)
- 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
- U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI)
- Greenhouse gas Inventory & Research Center of Korea (GIR)
- Regional or country specific methodology
- City specific methodology
- Other: please specify
Guidance
Indicate the emissions 'scope' for which figures have been recalculated, as well as the inventory period, change in figures and methodology.
Attach the updated inventory and explain the reasoning and impact behind the recalculation.
For more details on recalculating emissions see chapter 11 of the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GPC)
Example response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Inventory date from | Inventory date to | Scope | Previous emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Updated emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Updated methodology | Attach your new inventory | Reasoning
for recalculation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
01.01.2015 |
31.12.2015 |
Scope 3 |
8000 |
9000 |
Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC) |
Inv_update |
We have an updated methodology for |
Strategy
GHG Emissions Reduction - Local Government Operations
The questions in this section refer to emissions reduction targets and actions associated with your local government operations (sometimes referred to as "corporate" or "municipal") emissions. Targets related to the city-wide emissions (also known as "community") inventory should be reported on the next page in questions 8.2 and 8.3.
8.0 Do you have a GHG emissions reduction target in place for your local government operations?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
Guidance
To respond to this question, please select “Yes” or “No” from the drop-down menu. Please note this question applies to government operations only.
Community emission reduction targets will be addressed later in this section (Q8.2). Responding “Yes” directs you to Question 8.0a, where you will be asked to provide details of your reduction target; responding “no” directs you to Question 8.0b.
If Yes is selected in response to 8.0:
8.0a Please provide details of your local government operations emissions reduction target.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Sector | Target start year | Baseline year | Baseline emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target | Target date | Percentage of target acheived | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
Please provide your response in the table provided under the following headings:
Sector
Please select total emissions in order to report the emissions reduction target for your total local government emissions inventory. If you have a sector breakdowns of your local government emissions reduction target, please add a row and select the relevant sector.
Target start year
Please enter in numerical format the year in which your target came into effect. This differs from your base year which is used as a reference year from which to measure or compare emissions.
Baseline year
Please enter the appropriate year into the box provided. Your baseline year (also known as a “base year” or “representative year”) is the reference year from which your greenhouse gas reductions are measured. Please ensure the baseline year corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your local government inventory, please provide the baseline year for that sector.
Baseline emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please enter the numerical value of your baseline emissions, without commas. Your baseline emissions are the greenhouse gas emissions from your baseline year on which your target is based. Please ensure the baseline emissions corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the ‘sector’ field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your local government inventory, please provide the baseline emissions for that sector. Please ensure that the baseline emissions correspond with the baseline year reported.
Percentage reduction target
Please enter the numerical value of your percentage reduction target, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%). If your target is not currently expressed as a percentage, please convert it into this format (for example an absolute emissions reduction in metric tonnes CO2e can be converted into a percentage reduction relative to the base year). If this is not possible, please note your target reduction and other relevant detail in the Comment field for this question.
Target date
Please provide the year by which you anticipate achieving your goal.
Percentage of target achieved so far
State the target’s percentage completion (in terms of emissions) against the base year emissions. For example, if your target is to reduce your emissions by 10% by 2020 compared with a 2010 base year, and in your reporting year your emissions had reduced by 3% compared to that target base year, your target is 30% complete ((3/10) x 100). If you have met your target in the reporting year, indicate 100% complete. It is not possible to put values greater than 100% in this field; however if you have exceeded your target, explain in the Comment field.
If you set an absolute target to stabilize your greenhouse gas emissions against a base year, enter 0 (zero) until the target year. For example, if a city sets an absolute target to cap emissions using a 2008 base year and a 2019 target year. For reporting years until 2019, they would enter 0 (zero) in this column, before entering 100% in 2019 if they have achieved their target.
Comment
Please provide any other contextualizing information about your reduction target in the Comment field. If your city has an intensity target (i.e. “emissions reductions relative to productivity or economic output, for instance, tons CO2/million dollars GDP”, as defined by the WRI) please provide details here.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
|
Sector |
Target start year |
Baseline year |
Baseline emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) |
Percentage reduction target |
Target date |
Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total |
2014 |
1990 |
60 000 |
20 |
2025 |
The target was set in 2014, using our 1990 inventory as the base comparison. As a result of initiatives expanding the use of energy efficient technologies in municipal buildings, we have achieved 20% of this goal and there are plans in place to set a specific target for municipal vehicles. |
If No is selected in response to 8.0:
8.0b Please explain why you do not have a local government operations emissions reduction target.
Response Options
This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
Guidance
This question offers you the opportunity to provide further information about the main barriers your local government has in establishing an emissions reduction target.
8.1 What actions are you undertaking to reduce your emissions in your local government operations?
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Emissions reduction project activity | Status of project | Estimated emissions reduction (metric tonnes CO2e) | Estimated emissions reduction timescale | Project description | Web link to project website |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select from Appendix D | Select from:
| Numerical field | Select from:
| Text field | Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question is an opportunity to provide detail of your activities to reduce emissions from your local government’s operations. Targets related to community, or city wide, actions, should be reported in questions 8.3. Please complete all cells for each action.
The ORS offers the opportunity to specify detail on each action you are taking, providing a table with the following headings to structure your response per action:
Emissions reduction activity
Individual actions fall within a broader group of activity. The list of activities is provided in Appendix D of the questionnaire. Please select the relevant actions that apply to your city from the drop down menu; selecting inappropriate options may negatively impact the accuracy of your CDP analytics.
Anticipated emissions reduction (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please enter the numerical value of the total cumulative anticipated emissions reductions as a result of the action in metric tonnes CO2e without commas and without unit symbols. This can be an estimate.
Action description
The ORS provides a free text box for you to enter further information about your greenhouse gas reduction efforts. Text can be entered freely into this field but please keep this as concise as possible. This may include details about the timescale, action name or website link.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
|
Emissions reduction activity |
Estimated emissions reduction (metric tonnes CO2e) |
Action description |
|---|---|---|
|
LED / CFL / other luminaire technologies |
6000 |
With money provided by an LED manufacturer we installed LEDs in the streetlights surrounding the library and the high school. This is currently a pilot- if we save the amount of electricity that is projected we will replace all streetlights in the downtown area. |
|
Improve bus infrastructure, services, and operations |
1000 |
A study by the technical university found that emissions could be drastically reduced by implementing a bus rapid transit program from the suburbs into the city center. We have received financing for this initiative from a local sponsor but are still waiting on approvals from the regional government as the bus route crosses outside the city boundary. |
Emissions reduction – City-wide
The questions in this section refer to emissions reduction targets and actions associated with your city's Community (sometimes referred to as "geographic" or "city-wide") emissions. Targets related to the local government operations (also known as "municipal") inventory should be reported on the previous page in questions 8.0 and 8.1.
8.2 Does your city have a climate change action plan for reducing city-wide GHG emissions?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Question 8.2 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
All cities must publish a city-wide climate action plan within three years of committing to the Global Covenant of Mayors. A climate action plan shows how a city will deliver on its commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The climate action plan must cover the whole city boundary and must have been published or updated within 5 years of the reporting year (e.g. in 2018, the action plan must have been published or updated between 2013 and 2018). Action plans that cover a boundary larger than the city (e.g. at regional or national levels) are not considered compliant.
The city-wide climate action plan must include the requirements detailed below.
Political commitment to emissions reduction
Clear political commitment from the Mayor, equivalent legal representative authority, or city council.
Vision describing the city’s overall ambition and clear objectives
General objectives or vision that the city aims to achieve with this action plan.
To meet compliance, please provide evidence of this key requirement in question 8.2b.
Context of the action plan
Context that prompted the city to develop an action plan.
To meet compliance, please provide evidence of this key requirement in question 8.2b.
Baseline GHG emissions figure
Baseline GHG emissions figure used by the city to measure progress in emissions reduction.
To meet compliance, please provide a baseline GHG emissions figure as part of your city-wide GHG emissions reduction target in question 8.3 in the ‘Base year emissions’ field.
Business as Usual GHG emissions forecast
A “business-as-usual” baseline case assumes that future development trends follow those of the past and no changes in policies will take place, according to the IPCC Third Assessment Report.
To meet compliance, please provide evidence of this key requirement in question 8.2b.
GHG emissions reduction target(s)
The city-wide GHG emissions reduction target implemented in Year 2 must be clearly referred to.
To meet compliance, please provide a city-wide GHG emissions reduction target in question 8.3.
Implementation plan
Identification of emissions reduction actions and explanation of how they will be implemented.
To meet compliance, your action plan must be in one of the following stages of implementation as reported in question 8.2a:
- Plan in implementation
- Implementation complete
- Measurement in progress
- Plan update in progress
Monitoring plan
Clear plan or KPIs (key performance indicators) to monitor progress against the implemented actions.
To meet compliance, please provide evidence of this key requirement in question 8.2b.
In order to help explore potential emission reduction targets and develop a city climate action plan, cities can use the excel-based CURB tool (see ‘Resources for Phase 3’). CURB is an interactive scenario planning tool designed specifically to help cities act on climate change.
Guidance
Please indicate whether your city has a climate change action plan by selecting “Yes”; “No”; “In progress”; “Intending to undertake in the future”; “Not intending to undertake”; or “Don’t know” from the drop down menu provided. If you select “yes” you will be directed to Question 8.2a. If you select “no”, “not intending to undertake” or “intending to undertake in the future” you will be directed to Question 8.2c.
Further to incorporating sustainability goals into the city’s master plan, this question explores whether your city has created a separate action plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This could for example include a plan for the local public transportation to cut GHG emissions by modernizing the bus fleet to hybrid vehicles. A climate action plan should include information about baseline emissions, target reductions, sectors of focus, stakeholder engagement, implementation and monitoring plans.
Example Responses
If you wish to see an example of a climate change action plan please refer to London’s which can be found here.
If Yes is selected in response to 8.2:
8.2a Please attach your city’s climate change action plan below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Publication title | Year of publication | Attach | Web link | Stage of implementation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Text field | Numerical field | Attach your document here. | Text field | Select from:
|
[Add Row]
Question 8.2a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
To meet compliance, your action plan must be in one of the following stages of implementation:
- Plan in implementation
- Implementation complete
- Measurement in progress
- Plan update in progress
For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding the action plan outlined in question 8.2.
Guidance
If you have a climate action plan, please provide additional details about it in this question. Please indicate:
Publication title
State the official name of your city’s climate action plan.
Year of publication
Enter the year the plan was published as a numeric value.
Attach
Click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach & Save’ to attach the document.
Web link
Provide a web link to the climate action plan
Stage of implementation
Indicate the extent to which your city has implemented its climate change action plan by selecting the most applicable response from the following list of values:
- Plan in development – your jurisdiction has identified a vision and goals; and begun to organize resources to develop a plan;
- Plan developed but not implemented – plan to implement actions has been developed and implementation tools have been identified;
- Plan in implementation –if your jurisdiction has begun to implement actions from the climate action plan (execution);
- Implementation complete – if the actions identified in the plan have been fully implemented;
- Measurement in progress – if the project is complete and results are being measured;
- Plan update in progress – if your jurisdiction has begun to update the action plan based on the progress and success of actions that have been executed;
- Other.
If Yes is selected in response to 8.2:
8.2b Please describe how your city’s climate change action plan addresses the following key areas, and provide details on the location of this evidence within your plan.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| GCoM key requirement | Proof statement from within your action plan (in English) | Page number | Publication title |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vision describing the city’s overall ambition and clear objectives | Text field | Numerical field | Text field |
| Context of the action plan | Text field | Numerical field | Text field |
| Business as Usual GHG Emissions forecast | Text field | Numerical field | Text field |
| Monitoring of the action plan | Text field | Numerical field | Text field |
Question 8.2b is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
Please provide at least one statement demonstrating evidence for each key requirement from within your action plan. Please also provide the page number(s) that this statement can be found on, and the title of the action plan you are referring to. If your action plan is not in English, please ensure that the proof statements are translated to English. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding the action plan outlined in question 8.2.
If No, Not intending to undertake, or Intending to undertake in future is selected in response to 8.2:
8.2c Please explain why you do not have a city climate change action plan and any future plans to create one.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
In the first field, select from the following options in the drop-down menu the most appropriate reason for why you do not have or do not intend to have a climate change action plan:
- No plans yet to create an action plan;
- Resources lacking to create an action plan;
- Action plan in early stages of project planning;
- Action plan in progress;
- Lack of budget/resources;
- Other.
Please provide more information or context on the reason selected in the comment field. Such a description should include information about the practical barriers that impact each reason, or detail your progress in developing a plan and the areas likely to be incorporated within it.
8.3 Do you have a GHG emissions reduction target in place at the city-wide level?
Response Options
Select all that apply:
- Base year emissions (absolute) target
- Base year intensity target
- Baseline scenario (business as usual) target
- No target
Question 8.3 is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
All cities must report a city-wide GHG emissions reduction target within two years of committing to the Global Covenant. The target must cover the entire city boundary. Multiple reduction targets covering various GHG emissions sectors are not considered compliant.
Targets may be in any of the following formats (as defined in the GHG Protocol Mitigation Goal Standard):
- Base Year Emissions Reduction Target
- Fixed-level Reduction Target
- Baseline Scenario (Business as Usual) Reduction Target
- Intensity Reduction Target
All targets must identify:
- Baseline year (year from which progress will be measured)
- Baseline emissions, or emissions intensity
- Target year (year when the target will be achieved)
- Target reduction to be achieved
To explore potential emission reduction targets and develop a city climate action plan, cities can use the excel-based CURB tool (see ‘Resources for Phase 3’). CURB is an interactive scenario planning tool designed specifically to help cities act on climate change.
Guidance
A GHG emissions reduction target is a commitment to reduce, or limit the increase of, GHG emissions or emissions intensity by a specified quantity, to be achieved by a future date. To respond to this question, please tick the box(es) to indicate the type(s) of city-wide emissions reduction target(s) your city currently has in place. Please note this question applies to community (city-wide) emission reduction targets only.
Local government operations emission reduction targets are addressed in the previous questions (8.0). For more information on the definitions of each target type, please see the descriptions below, and refer to the Mitigation Goal Standard, developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI). If your city does not have an emissions reduction target for city-wide emissions, please only select “No target”.
Base year emissions (absolute) target
A base year emissions (absolute) target is a commitment to reduce or controls the increase of emissions by a specified quantity relative to a base year.
For example, a 25% reduction of absolute emissions from 1990 levels by 2020. Selecting “Base year emissions (absolute) target” directs you to Question 8.3a.
This also extends to fixed level goals, which represent a reduction in emissions to an absolute emissions level by a target year. For example “to achieve 200Mt CO2e by 2020”. Carbon neutrality goals are the most common type of fixed level goal, for example: “to reach net zero emissions by 2050”.
Base year intensity target
A base year intensity target is a commitment to reduce a city’s emissions intensity (emissions per unit of another variable, typically GDP) by a specified quantity relative to a base year.
For example, a 40% reduction of emissions per GDP from 1990 levels by 2020. Selecting “Base year intensity target” directs you to Question 8.3b.
Baseline scenario (business as usual) target
A baseline scenario (business as usual) target is a commitment to reduce emissions by a specified quantity relative to a projected emissions baseline scenario, also referred to as a business as usual scenario. A baseline scenario is a reference case that represents future events or conditions most likely to occur in the absence of activities taken to meet the mitigation goal.
For example, a 30% reduction from baseline scenario emissions in 2020. Selecting “Baseline scenario (business as usual) target” direct you to Question 8.3c
No target
If your city does not currently have any emissions targets in place, please only select “No target”. Selecting “No target” directs you to Question 8.3d. If your city is in the process of developing a GHG emissions reduction target, you can use the text box in Question 8.3d to outline the stage of development in more detail.
If “Base year emissions (absolute) target” is selected in response to 8.3
8.3a Please provide details of your total city-wide base year emissions reduction (absolute) target. In addition, you may add rows to provide details of your sector-specific targets, by providing the base year emissions specific to that target.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Sector | Target start year | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target | Target year | Percentage of target achieved so far | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Percentage field | Numerical field | Percentage field | Text field |
[Add Row]
Question 8.3a is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
To be compliant, cities must report a city-wide GHG emissions reduction target within two years of committing to the Global Covenant. The target must cover the entire city boundary. Multiple reduction targets covering various GHG emissions sectors are not considered compliant. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding emissions reduction target outlined in question 8.3.
Guidance
Please ensure to report long (2051+), medium (2026-2050) and short term (present-2025) targets if you have them.
Provide the details of your city’s base year emissions (absolute) target in the table provided under the following headings:
Sector
Please select ‘Total city-wide emissions’ to report the emissions reduction target for your total city-wide emissions inventory. If you have sector breakdowns of your city-wide emissions reduction target, please add a row and select the relevant sector.
Target year start
Please enter in numerical format the year in which your target came into effect. This differs from your base year which is used as a reference year from which to measure or compare emissions.
Base year
Please enter the appropriate year to the numerical field provided. Your base year (also known as the “representative year”) is the reference year from which your greenhouse gas reductions are measured. Please ensure the base year corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your local government inventory, please provide the base year for that sector.
Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please enter the numerical value for the emissions in your base year, without commas. Your base emissions are the greenhouse gas emissions from your base year on which your target is based. Please ensure the base year emissions pertains to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your city-wide emissions inventory, please provide the base year emissions for that sector. Please ensure that the base year emissions correspond with the base year reported.
Percentage reduction target
Please enter the numerical value of your percentage reduction target, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%). If your target is not currently expressed as a percentage, please convert it into this format (for example an absolute emissions reduction in metric tonnes CO2e can be converted into a percentage reduction relative to the base year). If this is not possible, please note your target reduction and other relevant detail in the “Comment” field for this question.
Target year
Please enter in numerical form the year by which you anticipate achieving your goal. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.
Percentage of target achieved so far
Please enter a numerical value for the percentage of your emissions reduction target that you have achieved since the ‘Target year start’, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%). If you have a fixed level target, you can calculate the % of target achieved so far if you have base and current emissions figures.State the target’s percentage completion (in terms of emissions) against the base year emissions. For example, if your target is to reduce your emissions by 10% by 2020 compared with a 2010 base year, and in your reporting year your emissions had reduced by 3% compared to that target base year, your target is 30% complete ((3/10) x 100). If you have met your target in the reporting year, indicate 100% complete. It is not possible to put values greater than 100% in this field; however if you have exceeded your target, explain in the Comment field.
If you set an absolute target to stabilize your greenhouse gas emissions against a base year, enter 0 (zero) until the target year. For example, if a city sets an absolute target to cap emissions using a 2008 base year and a 2019 target year. For reporting years until 2019, they would enter 0 (zero) in this column, before entering 100% in 2019 if they have achieved their target.
Comment
Explain your target in this field. Please use this field to specify any sectors excluded from the target or any other contextualizing information such as step increments to your fixed level target or whether the target is implemented from national government etc. Please use sector names consistent with those used in your emissions inventory.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Sector | Target start year | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target | Target year | Percentage of target achieved so far | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total city-wide emissions |
2010 |
2002 |
6000000 |
50 |
2030 |
10 |
In 2002, we set a target to reduce GHG emissions by 40% in 2030. This target applies to all the emission sources covered by our inventory: buildings, in-boundary transport and waste. |
|
Residential buildings |
2012 |
2010 |
180000 |
60 |
2030 |
8 |
As part of city-wide climate action plan, we have a |
|
Total city-wide emissions |
2011 |
100 |
2050 |
This is a fixed level target decided by the national government in 2011, although we do not have baseline emissions figures for this year. |
If “Base year intensity target” is selected in response to 8.3:
8.3b Please provide details of your total city-wide base year intensity target. An intensity target is usually measured per capita or per unit GDP. If you have an absolute emissions reduction target, please select “Base year emissions (absolute) target” in question 8.3.
Response Options
Please complete the following table. The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Sector | Target start year | Intensity unit (Emissions per) | Base year | Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e per denominator) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
| Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity | Target year | Percentage of target achieved | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
Numerical field | Numerical field | Percentage field | Text field |
Question 8.3b is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
To be compliant, cities must report a city-wide GHG emissions reduction target within two years of committing to the Global Covenant. The target must cover the entire city boundary. Multiple reduction targets covering various GHG emissions sectors are not considered compliant. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding emissions reduction target outlined in question 8.3.
Guidance
Please ensure to report long (2051+), medium (2026-2050) and short term (present-2025) targets if you have them.
Provide the details of your city’s base year emissions (absolute) target in the table provided under the following headings:
Sector
Please select total emissions in order to report the emissions reduction target for your total city-wide emissions inventory. If you have sector breakdowns of your city-wide emissions reduction target, please add a row and select the relevant sector.
Target start year
Please enter in numerical format the year in which your target was established or came into effect. This differs from your base year which is used as a reference year from which to measure or compare emissions.
Intensity unit (Emissions per)
Please define the variable used in your city’s intensity target by selecting the relevant variable from the drop down options (either metric tonnes CO2e per capita, or metric tonnes CO2e per GDP). If your city uses a variable which is not listed, please select “Other” and define the variable in the box provided. Emissions intensity refers to emissions per unit of another variable, which is typically economic output, such as GDP, but may also be population, energy use, or a different variable.
Base year
Please enter the appropriate year to the numerical field provided. Your base year in which your base year (also known as “representative year”) is the reference year from which your greenhouse gas reductions are measured. Please ensure the base year corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your local government inventory, please provide the base year for that sector.
Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please enter the numerical value of your base year emissions, without commas. Your base year emissions are the greenhouse gas emissions from your base year on which your target is based. Please ensure the base year emissions corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your city-wide emissions inventory, please provide the base year emissions for that sector. Please ensure that the base year emissions correspond with the base year reported.
Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity
Please enter the numerical value of your percentage reduction target, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%). If your target is not currently expressed as a percentage, please convert it into this format (for example an emissions reduction in metric tonnes CO2e per intensity metric can be converted into a percentage reduction relative to the base year). If this is not possible, please note your target reduction and other relevant detail in the Comment field for this question.
Target year
Please enter in numerical form the year by which you anticipate achieving your goal. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.
Percentage of target achieved so far
Please enter a numerical value for the percentage of your emissions reduction target that you have achieved since the ‘Target year start’, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%).State the target’s percentage completion (in terms of emissions) against the base year emissions. For example, if your target is to reduce your emissions by 10% by 2020 compared with a 2010 base year, and in your reporting year your emissions had reduced by 3% compared to that target base year, your target is 30% complete ((3/10) x 100). If you have met your target in the reporting year, indicate 100% complete. It is not possible to put values greater than 100% in this field; however if you have exceeded your target, explain in the Comment field.
If you set an absolute target to stabilize your greenhouse gas emissions against a base year, enter 0 (zero) until the target year. For example, if a city sets an absolute target to cap emissions using a 2008 base year and a 2019 target year. For reporting years until 2019, they would enter 0 (zero) in this column, before entering 100% in 2019 if they have achieved their target.
Comment
Explain your target in this field. Please use this field to specify any sectors excluded from the target or any other contextualizing information such as step increments to your fixed level target or whether the target is implemented from national government etc. Please use sector names consistent with those used in your emissions inventory.
See next page for an example response.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
Sector |
Target start year | Intensity unit (Emissions per) | Base year | Base year emissions per intensity unit (metric tonnes CO2e per denominator) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total city-wide emissions; |
2010 |
Metric tonnes of CO2e per capita |
2002 |
2.1 |
|
Industrial buildings |
2012 |
Metric tonnes of CO2e per capita |
2010 |
1 |
Percentage reduction target in emissions intensity |
Target year | Percentage of target achieved | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
|
15 |
2050 |
8 |
The target set for the city-wide emissions is a 10% reduction on per capita emissions from 2002 by 2050. This excludes the geographical boundary of the port area. |
|
30 |
2030 |
4 |
If “Baseline scenario (business as usual) target” is selected in response to 8.3:
8.3c Please provide details of your total city-wide baseline scenario target, including projected business as usual emissions.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Sector | Target start year | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Target year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
| Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target from business as usual | Percentage of target achieved | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
Numerical field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Text field |
Question 8.3c is required for the Global Covenant of Mayors.
GCoM Compliance Requirements
To be compliant, cities must report a city-wide GHG emissions reduction target within two years of committing to the Global Covenant. The target must cover the entire city boundary. Multiple reduction targets covering various GHG emissions sectors are not considered compliant. For further information, please refer to the compliance requirements regarding emissions reduction target outlined in question 8.3.
Guidance
Please ensure to report long (2051+), medium (2026-2050) and short term (present-2025) targets if you have them.
Provide the details of your city’s base year emissions (absolute) target in the table provided under the following headings:
Sector
Please select total emissions in order to report the emissions reduction target for your total city-wide emissions inventory. If you have sector breakdowns of your city-wide emissions reduction target, please add a row and select the relevant sector.
Target start year
Please enter in numerical format the year in which your target was established or came into effect. This differs from your base year which is used as a reference year from which to measure or compare emissions.
Base year
Please enter the appropriate year to the numerical field provided. Your base year (also known as a “representative year”) is the reference year from which your greenhouse gas reductions are measured. Please ensure the base year corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your local government inventory, please provide the baseline year for that sector.
Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please enter the numerical value of your base emissions, without commas. Your base emissions are the greenhouse gas emissions from your base year on which your target is based. Please ensure the base year emissions corresponds to the total emissions inventory if Total is selected in the sector field. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your city-wide emissions inventory, please provide the base year emissions for that sector. Please ensure that the base year emissions correspond with the base year reported.
Target year
Please enter in numerical form the year by which you anticipate achieving your goal. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.
Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please indicate the estimated business as usual emissions figure in the target year (defined in the previous field). A baseline scenario is a reference case that represents the events or conditions most likely to occur in the absence of activities taken to meet a mitigation target.
Percentage reduction target from business as usual
Please enter the percentage reduction relative to your city’s baseline scenario emissions (reported in ‘base year emissions’). This should not include commas or the percentage symbol (%).State the target’s percentage completion (in terms of emissions) against the base year emissions. For example, if your target is to reduce your emissions by 10% by 2020 compared with a 2010 base year, and in your reporting year your emissions had reduced by 3% compared to that target base year, your target is 30% complete ((3/10) x 100). If you have met your target in the reporting year, indicate 100% complete. It is not possible to put values greater than 100% in this field; however if you have exceeded your target, explain in the Comment field.
If you set an absolute target to stabilize your greenhouse gas emissions against a base year, enter 0 (zero) until the target year. For example, if a city sets an absolute target to cap emissions using a 2008 base year and a 2019 target year. For reporting years until 2019, they would enter 0 (zero) in this column, before entering 100% in 2019 if they have achieved their target.
Percentage of target achieved so far
Please enter a numerical value for the percentage of your emissions reduction target that you have achieved since the ‘Target year start’, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%).
Comment
Explain your target in this field. Please use this field to specify any sectors excluded from the target or any other contextualizing information such as step increments to your fixed level target or whether the target is implemented from national government etc. Please use sector names consistent with those used in your emissions inventory.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Sector | Target start year | Base year | Base year emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Target year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total city-wide emissions |
2015 |
2005 |
740000000 |
2025 |
|
Transportation |
2012 |
2002 |
48000000 |
2030 |
| Estimated business as usual absolute emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) | Percentage reduction target from business as usual | Percentage of target achieved | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
|
700000000 |
20 |
8 |
Projecting from 2005, our business-as-usual (BAU) emissions are expected to reach 79 million tonnes CO2e in 2025. The city’s target is to limit emissions to 12% of the BAU scenario. |
|
38000000 |
10 |
3 |
If "No target" is selected in response to 8.3:
8.3d Please explain why you do not have a city-wide emissions reduction target and any plans to set one in the future.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
Please give more details on why you do not have a city-wide or local government emissions target by selecting a suitable option from the drop down options in the “Reason” field; providing a comment on this selection in the “Comments” field.
8.4 What actions is your city taking to reduce emissions? Please also indicate estimated emissions reduction potential and status of the emissions reduction actions your city has planned.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Emissions reduction project activity | Status of project | Estimated emissions reduction (metric tonnes CO2e) | Estimated emissions reduction timescale | Project description | Web link to project website |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Select from Appendix E |
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Select from:
|
Text field |
Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question requests information about the efforts you are undertaking to reduce community-wide emissions.
For example, a city may have multiple projects within the wider activity of improving buildings energy efficiency / retrofit measures, which may involve different forms of public/private partnership, different sectors, scope, costs or timescale. This question seeks to understand the details about emissions reduction projects which your city has, including the activities which they fall under, emissions reduction potential, timescale and other details.
Emissions reduction activity
Individual actions fall within a broader group of activity. The list of activities is provided in Appendix E of the questionnaire. Please select the relevant actions that apply to your city from the drop down menu; selecting inappropriate options may negatively impact the accuracy of your CDP analytics.
Status of project
Please indicate the current status of the project by selecting from the following options:
- Scoping – if your city is in the process of developing a project plan, this is also known as the identification phase
- Pre-feasibility study – if your city is researching the feasibility of the project plan, this is known as the evaluate phase
- Pre-implementation – if your city has developed a project plan but not begun implementation, this is also known as the feasibility or definition phase
- Implementation – if the project has started implementation (execution)
- Operation – if the project is in full operation
- Implementation complete – if the project is complete
- Monitoring and reporting – if the project is complete and results are being measured
Estimated emissions reduction (metric tonnes CO2e)
Please enter the numerical value of the total cumulative anticipated emissions reductions as a result of the action in metric tonnes CO2e without commas and without unit symbols. This can be an estimate.
Estimated emissions reduction timescale
Select from the drop down menu the timescale for the estimated emissions reduction reported in the previous field. If the figure represents an annual reduction in emissions select “Per year”, or select “Projected lifetime” if it represents total emissions saved over the lifetime of the project. If the figure represents neither annual reduction or total lifetime emissions saved, select ‘Other”.
Project description
The ORS provides a free text box for you to enter further information about your greenhouse gas reduction efforts. Text can be entered freely into this field but please keep this as concise as possible. Description of actions should include further details about: project name, scope, costs, timescale and collaborators.
Web link to project
Provide a web link to the project website
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Emissions reduction project activity | Status of project | Estimated emissions reduction (metric tonnes CO2e) | Estimated emissions reduction timescale | Project description | Web link to project website | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
LED / CFL / other luminaire technologies |
Scoping |
6000 |
Projected lifetime |
LEDs in the streetlights surrounding the library and the high school. |
Examplecity.org/LED |
|
|
Improve bus infrastructure, services, and operations |
Pre-implementation |
100 |
Per year |
Bus rapid transit program from the suburbs into the city center |
Examplecity.org/Bus |
|
Energy
9.0 Please indicate the energy mix of electricity consumed in your city.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Energy source | Percent |
|---|---|
| Coal | Percentage field |
| Gas | Percentage field |
| Oil | Percentage field |
| Nuclear | Percentage field |
| Hydro | Percentage field |
| Biomass | Percentage field |
| Wind | Percentage field |
| Geothermal | Percentage field |
| Solar | Percentage field |
| Other sources | Percentage field |
Guidance
The goal of this question is to get a better understanding of the current energy mix of your electricity grid and the contribution made by renewable technologies at the city-wide scale.
In the first field we have listed the most common sources of energy. Please indicate in the second field the percentage of each energy source constituting your energy mix, where it is applicable. Please ensure that the total percentage entered adds up to 100. If the energy source is not applicable to your electric grid please enter 0.
Please note: If you do not have data for city-wide energy mix, only for national or local government level, describe this in the comments.
The energy mix of countries can be found here.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Energy source | Percent |
|---|---|
|
Coal |
20 |
|
Gas |
30 |
|
Oil |
7 |
|
Nuclear |
20 |
|
Hydro |
0 |
|
Biomass |
0 |
|
Wind |
12 |
|
Geothermal |
0 |
|
Solar |
10 |
|
Other sources |
1 |
9.0a What percentage of your city's electricity grid mix was zero carbon in 2017? "Zero carbon" may include solar, wind, hydro and other zero carbon generation sources.
Response Options
Percentage field.
Requested content
This question seeks to understand the city-wide electricity grid mix.
9.1 How much (in MW capacity) renewable energy is installed within the city boundary in the following categories?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Type | MW capacity |
|---|---|
| Renewable district heat/cooling | Numerical field |
| Solar PV | Numerical field |
| Solar thermal | Numerical field |
| Ground or water source | Numerical field |
| Wind | Numerical field |
| Other: please specify | Numerical field |
Guidance
The goal of this question is to get a better understanding of the installation of renewable energy across key areas, and the contribution of these installations at the city-wide scale in absolute figures. Renewable technologies use natural energy to make electricity.
In the first field we have listed the most common sources of energy. Please indicate in the second field the MW capacity of renewable energy installed within the city boundary. If the energy source is not applicable in your electricity grid, please enter 0.
9.2 Does your city have a renewable energy or electricity target?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Intending to undertake in future
- Not intending to undertake
- Do not know
Guidance
Renewable energy targets are defined as numerical goals established by governments to achieve specific amount of renewable energy production or consumption. They can apply to the electricity, heating/cooling or transport sectors, or to the energy sector as a whole. To respond to this question please select the dropdown that is most appropriate to your city:
- Yes – directs you to Q 9.2a;
- In progress;
- No – directs you to Q 9.2b;
- Intending to undertake in future directs you to Q 9.2b;
- Not intending to undertake directs you to Q 9.2b;
- Do not know.
If Yes is selected in response to 9.2:
9.2a Please provide details of your renewable energy or electricity target and how the city plans to meet those targets.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.The table is displayed over several rows for readability. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
|
Scale |
Energy / electricity types covered by target | Base year | Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in base year (in unit specified in column 2) |
Percentage renewable energy / electricity of total energy or electricity in base year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Select from:
|
Select from:
|
Numerical field |
Numerical field |
Percentage field |
| Target year | Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in target year (in unit specified in column 2) | Percentage renewable energy / electricity of total energy or electricity in target year | Percentage of target achieved | Plans to meet target (include details on types of energy/electricity) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Numerical field | Numerical field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question will only apply if you have answered Yes to question 9.2. The goal of this question is to understand the targets you have in place regarding renewable electricity or energy in your city. This year, we have combined both renewable energy and electricity targets into one table, to allow comparability between different target types. You may report either capacity based (MW) or output based (MWh) renewable energy targets. For more information on setting renewable energy targets, please refer to the IRENA Renewable Energy Target Setting report, which defines renewable energy targets as:
“Numerical goals established by governments or other actors (such as electric utilities) to achieve a specific amount of renewable energy production or consumption. Renewable energy targets can apply to the electricity, heating/cooling or transport sectors, or to the energy sector, and include a specific time period or date by which the target is to be reached.”
Please provide your response in the table provided under the following headings:
Scale
Please select which scale your target applies to. This can either be for your local government operations only or for your community (please see Q 0.2 for definitions).
Energy types covered by target
Please select the energy type covered by your city’s renewable energy or electricity target. Please note the selection you make in this field will define the units used for the entire row of the table. For example, if you select “Total installed capacity of renewable energy (in MW)”, the number provided in for ‘base year renewable energy’ as well as ‘target year renewable energy’ will both be in MW. Please select from the following options:
- Total installed capacity of renewable energy (in MW);
- Total installed capacity of renewable electricity (in MW);
- All renewable energy produced (in MWh);
- All renewable electricity produced (in MWh);
- All renewable energy consumed (in MWh);
- All renewable electricity consumed (in MWh);
- Other (please specify)
Base year
Please enter the appropriate year to the numerical field provided. Your base year (also known as the “representative year”) is the reference year from which your energy or electricity is measured. If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your city or local government, please provide the base year for that sector.
Total renewable energy covered by target (in unit specified in ‘Energy / electricity types covered’ field)
Please enter the numerical value of the total renewable energy covered by the target in the base year field.
Percentage renewable energy / electricity of total energy or electricity in base year
Please enter the proportion of total electricity from renewable energy in the base year. For example, your city may have 7% of the total electricity from renewable sources in the base year.
Target year
Please enter in numerical form the year by which you anticipate achieving your goal. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.
Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target (in unit specified in ‘Energy / electricity types covered’ field)
Please indicate the total amount of renewable energy / electricity covered by the target in the units specified in the target year.
Percentage renewable energy / electricity of total energy or electricity in target year
Please indicate the proportion of total electricity as a percentage from renewable energy sources in the target year.
Percentage of target achieved so far
Please enter a numerical value for the percentage of your renewable energy or electricity target that you have achieved since the ‘Target year start’, without commas and without the percentage symbol (%).
Plans to meet target (include details on types of energy)
Please be as specific as possible when describing how you are planning to reach your renewable electricity target and do not hesitate to mention or reference any plans or strategies developed to help deliver the target.
Example Response
For explanatory purposs, a sample answer to this question is included below.
| Scale | Energy / electricity types covered by target | Base year | Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in base year (in unit specified in column 2) | Percentage renewable energy / electricity of total energy or electricity in base year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
City-wide |
Total installed capacity of renewable energy (in MW) |
2000 |
25 |
20 |
| Target year | Total renewable energy / electricity covered by target in target year (in unit specified in column 2) | Percentage renewable energy / electricity of total energy or electricity in target year | Percentage of target achieved | Plans to meet target (include details on types of energy / electricity) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2025 |
100 |
80 |
20 |
By 2025, the goal is to have 80% of the city’s electricity from renewable sources. |
If No, Not intending to undertake, or Intending to undertake is selected in response to 9.2
9.2b Please explain why you do not have a renewable energy or electricity target and any plans to introduce one in the future.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reasoning | Comment |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
This question will only apply if you have answered No, Not intending to undertake or Intending to undertake to question 9.2.
Please give more details on why you do not have a renewable energy or renewable electricity target by selecting a suitable option from the drop down options in the “Reason” field; providing a comment on this selection in the “Comments” field. Such a comment should include information about the barriers that impact each reason, or detail your progress in developing a target and the areas likely to be incorporated within it.
9.3 Does your city have an agreement to purchase a level of renewable electricity from the grid or from a national or municipal utility?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- In progress
- Do not know
If Yes is selected in response to 9.3:
9.3a What is the agreement or target?
Response Options
This is an open text question.
Please note that when copying from another document into the disclosure platform, formatting is not retained.
Buildings
10.0 Does your city have emissions reduction targets OR energy efficiency targets for the following building types?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Emissions reduction target | Energy efficiency target | |
|---|---|---|
| Commercial | Select from:
| Select from:
|
| Municipal | Select from:
| Select from:
|
| Residential | Select from:
| Select from:
|
| New buildings | Select from:
| Select from:
|
Guidance
Indicate whether your city has established targets in reductions in either greenhouse gas emissions or energy use.
10.1 Does your city have a building energy code which incentivises net zero carbon, Passivehaus or other ultra high-efficiency standards for NEW buildings?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Building energy codes are a policy instrument which consist of a set of mandatory requirements designed to reduce the energy consumption of buildings.- A net zero carbon building prioritises energy efficiency, and produces (or purchases) enough emissions-free renewable energy to offset emissions from all energy used in the building annually.
- A Passivhaus is a building, for which thermal comfort (ISO 7730) can be achieved solely by post-heating or post-cooling of the fresh air mass, which is required to achieve sufficient indoor air quality conditions – without the need for additional re-circulation of air.
Some examples of data sources include:
- Development and planning departments
- Departments of building
- Environment and sustainability departments
- Energy department and climate departments
- Housing departments
- Sustainable building rating systems (e.g. LEED, BREEAM)
10.2 Does your city have a building energy code which incentivises reducing the carbon intensity of building stock (even if less ambitious than net zero)? Please specify whether this relates to new buildings only, or to new and existing buildings.
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes - it applies only to new buildings
- Yes - it applies to both new and existing buildings
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Building energy codes are a policy instrument which consist of a set of mandatory requirements designed to reduce the energy consumption of buildings.- A net zero carbon building prioritises energy efficiency, and produces (or purchases) enough emissions-free renewable energy to offset emissions from all energy used in the building annually.
- A Passivhaus is a building, for which thermal comfort (ISO 7730) can be achieved solely by post-heating or post-cooling of the fresh air mass, which is required to achieve sufficient indoor air quality conditions – without the need for additional re-circulation of air.
Some examples of data sources include:
- Development and planning departments
- Departments of building
- Environment and sustainability departments
- Energy department and climate departments
- Housing departments
- Sustainable building rating systems (e.g. LEED, BREEAM)
10.3 What percentage of your city's new buildings built in 2017 are ultra high-efficiency (i.e. to Passivhaus, net zero carbon or similar standards, saving at least 50% compared to the average building stock in the city)?
Response Options
Percentage field.
Guidance
- A net zero carbon building prioritises energy efficiency, and produces (or purchases) enough emissions-free renewable energy to offset emissions from all energy used in the building annually.
- A Passivhaus is a building, for which thermal comfort (ISO 7730) can be achieved solely by post-heating or post-cooling of the fresh air mass, which is required to achieve sufficient indoor air quality conditions – without the need for additional re-circulation of air.
Some examples of data sources include:
- Development and planning departments
- Departments of building
- Environment and sustainability departments
- Energy department and climate departments
- Housing departments
- Sustainable building rating systems (e.g. LEED, BREEAM)
10.4 What % of your city's EXISTING building stock (including municipal, residential and commercial buildings) is ultra high-efficiency (to Passivhaus or similar standards)?
Response Options
Percentage field.
Guidance
A Passivhaus is a building, for which thermal comfort (ISO 7730) can be achieved solely by post-heating or post-cooling of the fresh air mass, which is required to achieve sufficient indoor air quality conditions – without the need for additional re-circulation of air.
Some examples of data sources include:
- Development and planning departments
- Departments of building
- Environment and sustainability departments
- Energy department and climate departments
- Housing departments
- Sustainable building rating systems (e.g. LEED, BREEAM)
10.5 What % of your city's municipal buildings have been retrofitted in 2017? Retrofitted buildings should have one or more of full envelope or windows-and-roof retrofit, HVAC or water heating upgrade, automation and controls installed.
Response Options
Percentage field.
Guidance
A full envelope retrofit refers to an upgrade of the thermal and energy performance of the building’s walls, windows and roof.
HVAC refers to the plant and machinery used to provide heating, cooling and ventilation to the building.
Automation and controls refer to a comprehensive system for controlling the building’s lighting, HVAC and other energy consuming equipment.
Some examples of data sources include:
- Development and planning departments
- Departments of building
- Environment and sustainability departments
- Energy department and climate departments
- Housing departments
- Sustainable building rating systems (e.g. LEED, BREEAM)
10.6 What % of your city's private buildings have been retrofitted in 2017? Retrofitted buildings should have one or more of full envelope or windows-and-roof retrofit, HVAC or water heating upgrade, automation and controls installed. If possible, please divide into residential and commercial building types.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Percentage of buildings retrofitted | |
|---|---|
| Both residential and commercial | Percentage field |
| Residential | Percentage field |
| Commercial | Percentage field |
Guidance
A full envelope retrofit refers to an upgrade of the thermal and energy performance of the building’s walls, windows and roof.
HVAC refers to the plant and machinery used to provide heating, cooling and ventilation to the building.
Automation and controls refer to a comprehensive system for controlling the building’s lighting, HVAC and other energy consuming equipment.
10.7 What percentage of your city's municipal building and street lighting energy demand was met with renewables in 2017?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Percentage of municipal buildings energy demand met by renewables | Percentage of street lighting energy demand met by renewables |
|---|---|
| Percentage field | Percentage field |
Guidance
Renewable energy can include hydro, biomass, wind, geothermal and solar energy produced either inside or outside the city boundary.
10.8 Please provide the total final energy use for buildings within the city boundary to show the total city building energy use (for all fuel types).
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Total final energy use (kWh) | |
|---|---|
| All building types | Numerical field |
| Municipal | Numerical field |
| Residential | Numerical field |
| Commercial | Numerical field |
Guidance
The total final energy use is sometimes referred to as final or delivered energy, and refers to the total energy used in the buildings.
10.9 Please provide the unadjusted site Energy Use Intensity (EUI) for the buildings in your city, which shows the total site (sometimes called final or delivered) energy (kWh) used per meter square (m2) floor area for all fuel types, excluding energy transmission and distribution losses from the energy source to the building. It may only be possible to provide data for municipal buildings, in which case please specify this.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Unadjusted site Energy Use Intensity (EUI) in kwh/m2 | |
|---|---|
| All building types | Numerical field |
| Municipal | Numerical field |
| Residential | Numerical field |
| Commercial | Numerical field |
Transport
11.0 What is the mode share of each transport mode in your city?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Mode share | |
|---|---|
| Private motorized transport | Percentage field |
| Rail/Metro/Tram | Percentage field |
| Buses (including BRT) | Percentage field |
| Ferries/ River boats | Percentage field |
| Walking | Percentage field |
| Cycling | Percentage field |
| Taxis or For Hire Vehicles | Percentage field |
| Other: please specify | Percentage field |
Guidance
Indicate what proportion of journeys in your city are taken by each mode of transport. For each mode, please indicate what percentage of total trips are taken by this mode. Ideally this information should come from a single source.
For each mode, please indicate what percentage of kilometers by mode. The transport department or transit operators are likely to house this data
11.1 What is the total distance travelled by all transport modes annually in your city (kms)?
Response Options
Numerical field.
Guidance
Indicate the total distance travelled by all modes over the course of the year in kilometers. Ideally this figure should come from a single source. This question aims to understand the total kilometers travelled by all transport modes combined annually - this information is likely to be housed in the transport department or with transit agencies.
11.2 What is the average annual distance travelled by each transport mode in your city (kms)?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Average annual distance travelled (kms) | |
|---|---|
| Private motorized transport | Numerical field |
| Rail/Metro/Tram | Numerical field |
| Buses (including BRT) | Numerical field |
| Ferries/ River boats | Numerical field |
| Walking | Numerical field |
| Cycling | Numerical field |
| Taxis or For Hire Vehicles | Numerical field |
| Other: please specify | Numerical field |
Guidance
Indicate what proportion of journeys in your city are taken by each mode of transport. For each mode, please indicate what percentage of total trips are taken by this mode. Ideally this information should come from a single source. The total of these kms combined such equate to the total in 11.1.
11.3 What are the vehicle kilometres of road goods vehicles travelled in your city?
Response Options
Assign numeric response.
Guidance
This question aims to understand how many kilometres are travelled by road goods vehicles in your city annually. Please provide a breakdown by light goods vehicles and heavy goods vehicles.
11.4 Please provide the total fleet size and number of vehicle types for the following modes of transport.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Number of private cars | Number of buses | Number of municipal fleet (excluding buses) | Number of freight vehicles | Number of taxis | Transport Network Companies (e.g. Uber, Lyft) fleet size | Customer-drive carshares (e.g. Car2Go, Drivenow) fleet size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fleet size | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
| Electric | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
| Hybrid | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
| Plug in hybrid | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
| Hydrogen | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field | Numerical field |
Guidance
A private vehicle is a road motor vehicle, other than a moped or a motor cycle, intended for the carriage of passengers and designed to seat no more than nine persons (including the driver).
Municipal fleet can include sedans, special use vehicles like police cars and vans etc.
A freight vehicle is a road vehicle designed, exclusively or primarily, to carry goods. Included are:
- Light goods road vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of not more than 3 500 kg, designed exclusively or primarily, to carry goods, e.g. vans and pick-ups;
- Heavy goods road vehicles with a gross vehicle weight above 3 500 kg, designed, exclusively or primarily, to carry goods;
- Road tractors;
- Agricultural tractors permitted to use roads open to public traffic.
11.5 How many buses has your city procured in the last year?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Number of buses | |
|---|---|
| Total number of buses | Numerical field |
| Electric | Numerical field |
| Hybrid | Numerical field |
| Plug-in hybrid | Numerical field |
| Hydrogen | Numerical field |
Guidance
Indicate the number of buses procured in the last year and the break down by technology.
11.6 Do you have a low or zero-emission zone in your city?
Response Options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
Here is an example of a low emission zone https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/low-emission-zone
London are also introducing an Ultra Low Emission Zone https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/ultra-low-emission-zone
If Yes is selected in response to 11.6
11.6a Please provide more details about the zero emissions zone.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Size (sq. km) | Stipulations |
|---|---|
| Numerical field | Text field |
Urban Planning
12.0 What is the size of your city’s park space in square km?
Response Options
Numerical field.
Guidance
Please provide the size of total park area in your city, which can include community gardens and cemeteries, in square kilometres.
12.1 What percentage of your population lives within 500m of a public transport stop?
Response Options
Percentage field.
Guidance
For this question, please only consider public transport stops that have frequent service at rush hour. The transit mode can be of any type (heavy rail, light rail, BRT, bus, cable-propelled transit, ferry, etc.). Using demographic data and a GIS layer of public transport stops, please estimate the percentage of the city’s population that lives within 500 meters of transit stops that receive frequent service at rush hour.
Food
13.0 How many meals per year are served through programs managed by your city?
Response Options
Numerical field.
Guidance
Food public procurement relates to both the purchasing of (raw) food and the contracting out of catering services fully or in parts by public authorities. It applies to different settings and venues such as hospitals, care homes, armed forces, prisons, and canteens in governmental buildings and of course education settings including universities and public schools. Please provide the number of meals served per day by municipal public bodies or by catering services fully or in part contracted out by your city.
13.1 How many tonnes of food are produced within your city's boundaries each year?
Response Options
Numerical field.
Guidance
This is the amount of human or animal edible products grown or directly sourced within your city. This doesn’t include foods produced externally but packaged within the city. This refers to anything produced within the geographical boundary of your city. Please report in metric tonnes. Examples of such growing may be on urban farms, green roofs, allotments, domestic window boxes.
Waste
14.0 How much solid waste does your city generate (tonnes/person/year)?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Amount of solid waste generated (tonnes/person/year) | |
|---|---|
| Total | Numerical field |
| Residential | Numerical field |
| Commercial | Numerical field |
| Industrial | Numerical field |
| Construction and demolition waste | Numerical field |
| Other: please specify | Numerical field |
14.1 What is the amount of your city’s total solid waste collected for each of the following sectors (tonnes/year)?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Amount of total solid waste collected (tonnes/year) | |
|---|---|
| Formal sector | Numerical field |
| Informal Sector | Numerical field |
| Other: please specify | Numerical field |
14.2 Please provide some more information on your city’s waste collection in the table below.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Organic waste collection available? | Recyclables collection available? | |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-unit buildings | Select from:
| Select from:
|
| Single-unit buildings | Select from:
| Select from:
|
| Commercial establishments | Select from:
| Select from:
|
14.3 How much organic waste does your city generate in the following sectors (tonnes/person/year)?
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Amount of organic waste (tonnes per person per year) | |
|---|---|
| Total | Numerical field |
| Residential | Numerical field |
| Industrial and commercial | Numerical field |
| Other: please specify | Numerical field |
Guidance
Indicate the best estimate available of organics (food + green waste) generated in your city.
14.4 What percentage of organic waste generated each year is treated?
Response Options
Percentage field.
Guidance
From the estimated organic waste (food + green waste) generated in your city, what fraction is treated and diverted from disposal. Fractions sent to bioreactor landfills; incineration or similar thermal processes should not be counted here.
14.5 Of your total municipal waste treated, what percentage is treated via:
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Percentage treated | |
|---|---|
| Re-use | Percentage field |
| Recycling | Percentage field |
| Composting | Percentage field |
| Anaerobic digestion | Percentage field |
| Incineration | Percentage field |
| Incineration without energy recovery | Percentage field |
| Open burning | Percentage field |
| Sanitary landfill | Percentage field |
| Non-sanitary landfill | Percentage field |
| Other: please specify | Percentage field |
Guidance
- Incineration - or burning - is one method of creating energy from waste.
- Incineration without energy recovery refers to waste that is burned without the objective to create energy.
- Open burning refers to waste that is burned outside, i.e. not in a specific incineration facility.
- Sanitary landfill refers to a controlled landfill strategy, where waste is disposed in sites that are sealed with impermeable liners to mitigate the risk of chemicals leaching into the ground. Sanitary landfills may be regenerated for use, e.g. as a public park, golf course, etc.
- Non-sanitary landfill refers to the disposal of waste in the ground without the environmental safety standards of sanitary landfill.
14.6 Please provide details of your city’s landfill gas.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Percentage of landfill gas collected | Percentage of landfill gas utilized |
|---|---|
| Percentage field | Percentage field |
Water
Water Supply
15.0 What are the sources of your city's water supply?
Response options
Select all that apply:
- Surface water
- Ground water
- Desalinated seawater
- Recycled / reclaimed water
- Rainwater
- Other source
Guidance
Please select the most relevant options for sources of your city’s water supply
- Surface water refers to lakes, rivers, reservoirs, etc.
- Ground water refers to water that is stored in aquifers underground.
- Desalinated seawater is seawater that has been treated to remove the salt and make it safe for human consumption.
- Recycled / reclaimed water is wastewater that has been collected and treated to make it safe for either non-human uses (such as washing, toilets, for animals, etc.) or - in some cases - for human consumption.
- Rainwater may be collected in water butts and cisterns for non-human uses, or treated for human use.
15.1 What percentage of your city's population has potable water supply service?
Response options
Percentage field.
Guidance
The proportion of the city’s resident population that has clean drinkable water available, at least 20 litres of safe water per day per person, either directly within their home, or within access across a very short distance, no further than 200 meters from the home.
15.2 Please provide more information on water metering across your city’s buildings in the table below:
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Percentage of users with a metered supply | Is water metering mandatory? | |
|---|---|---|
| Residential - Public housing | Percentage field | Select from:
|
| Residential - Private housing | Percentage field | Select from:
|
| Commercial buildings and facilities | Percentage field | Select from:
|
| Institutional (municipal) buildings and facilities | Percentage field | Select from:
|
| Industrial buildings and facilities | Percentage field | Select from:
|
Guidance
Water metering refers to the measurement of water use with a local meter.
15.3 Do you foresee substantive risks to your city’s water supply in the short or long term?
Response options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
Guidance
This question asks you to consider risks to the city’s water supply. These risks may or may not be caused or exacerbated by climate change. Consider risks that stem from physical impacts as well as those that may result from regulatory, economic or social settings. If you select “Yes” you will be directed to Questions 15.3a and 15.4. If you select “No” you will be directed to Question 15.3b, if you select “Do not know” you will be directed to 15.3a.
If Yes or Do not know is selected in response to 15.3:
15.3a Please identify the risks to your city’s water supply as well as the timescale and level of risk.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Risks | Timescale | Magnitude | Risk description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question is structured as a table. Multiple rows can be entered into the table using the ‘Add Row’ button to the bottom right of the table.
Risks to water supply
This question asks you to identify the risk to your water supply. The field provides a drop down list of options from which to select. The values are:
- Increased water stress or scarcity;
- Declining water quality;
- Inadequate or aging infrastructure;
- Higher water prices;
- Regulatory;
- Increased water demand;
- Energy supply issues.
Timescale
The table offers four choices for timescale:
- Current - if your city is already experiencing the identified risk to water supply.
- Short term - if you anticipate your city will experience the identified risk to water supply by 2025.
- Medium term - if you anticipate your city will experience the identified risk to water supply between 2026 and 2050.
- Long term - if you anticipate your city will experience the identified risk to water supply after 2051
Magnitude
This question asks cities to assess the seriousness of the risks to their water supply. The categories of risk are general and the levels of seriousness are broad so cities should make choices based on their own assumptions or assessments. Three options are available to describe the level of risk:
- Extremely serious: If you anticipate the risk to your water supply poses the highest level of potential concern to your city. For example, you might choose this option if fresh water resources around your city are projected to be depleted in a short timeframe.
- Serious: If you anticipate that the expected effect of climate change to the risk to your water supply poses a significant level of concern to your city. For example, you might choose this option if your city expects high costs or significant disruption of city operations due to water supply issues.
- Less serious: If you anticipate the risk to your water supply is of a lower level of concern. For example they may cause minor disruptions to city services, or reduce the ability to maintain sports fields.
Risk description
The final field of the table gives you an opportunity to comment on the risks you have identified.
If No is selected in response to 15.3:
15.3b Please explain why you do not consider your city to be exposed to any substantive water-related risk.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Reason | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Select from:
| Text field |
Guidance
This question is relevant only if you have answered “No” to question 15.3. This question gives you the opportunity to explain why your city does not face future risks to its water supply and your process for evaluating current or future risks.
Please give more details on why your city does not face future risks to its water supply and your process for evaluating current or future risks by selecting a suitable option from the drop down options in the “Reason” field; providing a comment on this selection in the “Comments” field.
Water Supply Management
If Yes is selected in response to 15.3:
15.4 Please select the actions you are taking to reduce the risks to your city’s water supply.
Response Options
Please complete the following table.You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.
| Risks | Adaptation action | Action description |
|---|---|---|
| Populated from 15.3a | Select from:
| Text field |
[Add Row]
Guidance
This question is relevant only if you have answered “Yes” in Q 15.3.
The purpose of this table is to understand the actions you are taking to reduce the risks to your water supply which you have identified in question 15.3a. Please note that this year the second field of the table is no longer a free text but has a list of values.
Risks
This field will be populated automatically with the answers you have given in question 15.3a.
Adaptation action
Please select the relevant actions that apply to the risk from the drop down menu; selecting inappropriate options may negatively impact the accuracy of your CDP analytics. If the adaptation action you are taking is not in the list provided please select “other” and specify your action.
Action Description
In this field, please provide any additional information about your adaptation action.
Example Response
For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below.
|
Risks |
Adaptation action |
Action description |
|---|---|---|
|
Declining water quality |
Watershed preservation |
In order to increase the water quality of the river we are ensuring that no pesticide is used in parks bordering water streams |
Wastewater
16.0 What percentage of your city's population is served by wastewater collection?
Response Options
Percentage field.
Guidance
Wastewater collection systems gather used water from homes, businesses and industries and convey it to a wastewater treatment plant. Waste water collection either directly in the house, or to be collected locally no more than 200m from the home.
16.1 Please provide the percentage breakdown of the wastewater your city collects and the percentage breakdown of the treatment type for each wastewater type.
Response Options
Please complete the following table:
| Percentage of wastewater collected | No treatment | Pre-treatment | Primary (physical treatment) | Secondary (biological treatment/stabilization) | Tertiary (polishing/potabilization) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black water/sewage | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field |
| Greywater/sink water | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field |
| Industrial | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field |
| Runoff/stormwater | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field |
| Other type of wastewater | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field |
| Unknown | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field | Percentage field |
Guidance
Wastewater collection usually involves a sewer network that wastewater drains into.
16.2 What is the aggregated net energy consumption of your wastewater treatment systems in kWh/year? (leave blank if you do not know).
Response Options
Numerical field.
Guidance
Net energy consumption means the final balance of energy consumed from the grid minus the energy returned to the grid.
Some facilities return energy to the grid from biogas utilization and other energy recovery processes, or offset energy consumption through local generation.
16.3 Are you recovering methane from your wastewater treatment system?
Response options
Select one of the following options:
- Yes
- No
- Do not know
If Yes is selected in response to 16.3:
16.3a Are you processing the captured methane for energy recovery?
Response Options
Select the appropriate use:
- Yes, for vehicle fuel
- Yes, for electricity generation
- Yes, both vehicle fuel and electricity generation
- Yes, other
- No
- Do not know
Important Information
CDP has been making information requests relating to carbon and climate change on behalf of investors since 2003. To find out more about CDP and the previous responses from other organizations, please refer to our website at www.cdp.net.
What are the financial implications of responding?
CDP has charitable status and seeks to use its limited funds effectively. Consequently, responses must be prepared and submitted at the expense of responding cities. CDP also reserves the right, where it deems it appropriate in view of its charitable aims and objectives, to charge for access to or use of data and/or reports it publishes or commissions.
What is the basis of participation and what will happen to the data received?
When responding to CDP you will be given a choice as to whether your response is made public or non-public. We strongly encourage cities to make their responses public which means that the response will be made publicly available from the CDP website. Non-public responses will not be made publicly available and will only be used in aggregate and/or anonymously. Any responses submitted to the Global Covenant of Mayors (GCoM) will be considered public.
Scoring of responses
CDP provides private scores to cities who respond to the CDP Cities 2018 information request, the scoring methodology can be found here. Responses to CDP Cities 2018 will not be scored publicly by CDP or its partners. CDP is considering publicly scoring responses in the future.
What if a city wishes to change or update a response?
After you submit your response via the Online Response System, it will become ‘read-only’ and any amendments can be made through the dashboard. Please submit and make all necessary amendments by the submission deadline.
How can a city confirm its participation?
If you received this document in hard copy, please email [email protected] to confirm your participation.
What is the legal status of CDP?
CDP Worldwide (CDP) is a UK Registered Charity no. 1122330 and a company limited by guarantee registered in England and Wales no. 05013650 with its registered office at Level 3, 71 Queen Victoria Street, London EC4V 4AY. The charity has wholly owned subsidiaries in Germany and China and companies in Australia, Brazil and India over which it exercises control through majority Board representation. In the US, CDP North America, Inc. is an independently incorporated affiliate which has United States IRS 501(c)(3) charitable status.
CDP is an independent not-for-profit organization holding the largest database of primary corporate climate change information in the world.
Thousands of organizations from across the world’s major economies measure and disclose their greenhouse gas emissions and climate change strategies through CDP. CDP puts this information at the heart of financial and policy decision-making and its goal is to collect and distribute high quality information that motivates investors, corporations and governments to take action to prevent dangerous climate change.
Appendices
Appendix A: Currency
AED United Arab Emirates dirham
AFN Afghani
ALL Lek
AMD Armenian Dram
ANG Netherlands Antillian Guilder
AOA Kwanza
ARS Argentine Peso
AUD Australian Dollar
AWG Aruban Guilder
AZN Azerbaijanian Manat
BAM Convertible Marks
BBD Barbados Dollar
BDT Bangladeshi Taka
BGN Bulgarian Lev
BHD Bahraini Dinar
BIF Burundian Franc
BMD Bermudian Dollar (customarily known as Bermuda Dollar)
BND Brunei Dollar
BOB Boliviano
BOV Bolivian Mvdol (Funds code)
BRL Brazilian Real
BSD Bahamian Dollar
BTN Ngultrum
BWP Pula
BYR Belarussian Ruble
BZD Belize Dollar
CAD Canadian Dollar
CDF Franc Congolais
CHE WIR Euro (complementary currency)
CHF Swiss Franc
CHW WIR Franc (complementary currency)
CLF Unidades de formento (Funds code)
CLP Chilean Peso
CNY Yuan Renminbi
COP Colombian Peso
COU Unidad de Valor Real
CRC Costa Rican Colon
CUP Cuban Peso
CVE Cape Verde Escudo
CYP Cyprus Pound
CZK Czech Koruna
DJF Djibouti Franc
DKK Danish Krone
DOP Dominican Peso
DZD Algerian Dinar
EEK Kroon
EGP Egyptian Pound
ERN Nakfa
ETB Ethiopian Birr
EUR Euro
FJD Fiji Dollar
FKP Falkland Islands Pound
GBP Pound Sterling
GEL Lari
GHS Cedi
GIP Gibraltar pound
GMD Dalasi
GNF Guinea Franc
GTQ Quetzal
GYD Guyana Dollar
HKD Hong Kong Dollar
HNL Lempira
HRK Croatian Kuna
HTG Haiti Gourde
HUF Forint
IDR Rupiah
ILS New Israeli Shekel
INR Indian Rupee
IQD Iraqi Dinar
IRR Iranian Rial
ISK Iceland Krona
JMD Jamaican Dollar
JOD Jordanian Dinar
JPY Japanese yen
KES Kenyan Shilling
KGS Som
KHR Riel
KMF Comoro Franc
KPW North Korean Won
KRW South Korean Won
KWD Kuwaiti Dinar
KYD Cayman Islands Dollar
KZT Tenge
LAK Kip
LBP Lebanese Pound
LKR Sri Lanka Rupee
LRD Liberian Dollar
LSL Loti
LTL Lithuanian Litas
LVL Latvian Lats
LYD Libyan Dinar
MAD Moroccan Dirham
MDL Moldovan Leu
MGA Malagasy Ariary
MKD Denar
MMK Kyat
MNT Tugrik
MOP Pataca
MRO Ouguiya
MTL Maltese Lira
MUR Mauritius Rupee
MVR Rufiyaa
MWK Kwacha
MXN Mexican Peso
MXV Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI) (Funds code)
MYR Malaysian Ringgit
MZN Metical
NAD Namibian Dollar
NGN Naira
NIO Cordoba Oro
NOK Norwegian Krone
NPR Nepalese Rupee
NZD New Zealand Dollar
OMR Rial Omani
PAB Balboa
PEN Nuevo Sol
PGK Kina
PHP Philippine Peso
PKR Pakistan Rupee
PLN Zloty
PYG Guarani
QAR Qatari Rial
RON Romanian New Leu
RSD Serbian Dinar
RUB Russian Ruble
RWF Rwanda Franc
SAR Saudi Riyal
SBD Solomon Islands Dollar
SCR Seychelles Rupee
SDG Sudanese Pound
SEK Swedish Krona
SGD Singapore Dollar
SHP Saint Helena Pound
SKK Slovak Koruna
SLL Leone
SOS Somali Shilling
SRD Surinam Dollar
STD Dobra
SYP Syrian Pound
SZL Lilangeni
THB Baht
TJS Somoni
TMM Manat
TND Tunisian Dinar
TOP Pa'anga
TRY New Turkish Lira
TTD Trinidad and Tobago Dollar
TWD New Taiwan Dollar
TZS Tanzanian Shilling
UAH Hryvnia
UGX Uganda Shilling
USD US Dollar
UYU Peso Uruguayo
UZS Uzbekistan Som
VEB Venezuelan bolívar
VND Vietnamese đồng
VUV Vatu
WST Samoan Tala
XAF CFA Franc BEAC
XAG Silver (one Troy ounce)
XAU Gold (one Troy ounce)
XBA European Composite Unit (EURCO) (Bonds market unit)
XBB European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6) (Bonds market unit)
Appendix B: Actions to reduce vulnerability
No action currently taken
Flood mapping
Heat mapping and thermal imaging
Landslide risk mapping
Sea level rise modelling
Biodiversity monitoring
Real time risk monitoring
Crisis management including warning and evacuation systems
Public preparedness (including practice exercises/drills)
Community engagement/education
Projects and policies targeted at those most vulnerable
Testing/vaccination programmes for vector-borne disease
Disease prevention measures
Air quality initiatives
Incorporating climate change into long-term planning documents
Restrict development in at risk areas
Resilience and resistance measures for buildings
Hazard resistant infrastructure design and construction
Diversifying power/energy supply
Economic diversification measures
Flood defences – development and operation & storage
Storm water capture systems
Additional reservoirs and wells for water storage
Soil retention strategies
Tree planting and/or creation of green space
Green roofs/walls
White roofs
Shading in public spaces, markets
Cooling systems for critical infrastructure
Retrofit of existing buildings
Cooling centers, pools, water parks/plazas
Cool pavement
Water extraction protection
Promoting low flow technologies
Water butts/rainwater capture
Xeriscapes – low water landscaping design
Maintenance/repair – leaking infrastructure
Optimizing delivery fuel mix of water supply
Improve water supply distribution method
Promoting and incentivizing water efficiency
Water use restrictions and standards
Water efficient equipment and appliances
Water smart metering
Water use audits
Awareness campaign/education to reduce water use
Diversification of water supply
Other
Appendix C: Fuel Type
Natural gas
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
Methane
Butane
Propane
Town gas or city gas
Coal (Bituminous or Black coal)
Coking coal
Crude oil
Diesel/Gas oil
Motor gasoline (petrol)
Aviation gasoline
Jet gasoline
Jet kerosene
Kerosene
Residual fuel oil
Distillate fuel oil No 1
Distillate fuel oil No 2
Distillate fuel oil No 3
Distillate fuel oil No 4
Distillate fuel oil No 5
Distillate fuel oil No 6
Liquified petroleum gas (LPG)
Naptha
Bitumen
Petroleum coke
Wood or wood waste
Biodiesel
Biogasoline
Ethanol
E85
Other liquid biofuel
Landfill gas
Other biogas
Waste (municipal)
OtherConversion of Electricity, Heat, Steam and Cooling data to MWh
Electricity
If you do not have data on purchased electricity in MWh, it can readily be converted from kWh or GWh into MWh.
- To convert from kWh to MWh, divide the figure by 1000.
- To convert from GWh to MWh, multiply the figure by 1000.
Heat and steam
Heat and steam may be bought in British thermal units (Btu), joules (J), and therms, which can be converted to MWh using a calculation tool such as www.onlineconversion.com. Heat is also sometimes bought in kWh, making conversion to MWh straightforward.
Steam may also be bought in units of pounds. Conversion is more difficult as the energy content of the steam varies with temperature and pressure. We would refer organizations to The Climate Registry’s General Reporting Protocol. Chapter 15, section 15.2, step 1 explains how to calculate the energy content of steam.
Cooling
This is frequently bought in refrigeration-ton hours. 1 ton-hour=12,000 Btu=0.003516 MWh.
Conversion of fuel data to MWh
Some questions in the ORS ask for energy and fuel inputs to be reported according to standardized units commonly used for measuring electricity consumption, i.e.: MWh.
Energy and fuel inputs mean the energy content of:
- Fuels before combustion in operations/assets within your reporting boundary; and
- The amount of purchased energy inputs which include electricity, heat, steam and cooling for use by those operations/assets.
This section of the Appendix provides guidance on how to convert fuel data to MWh.
Fuel can be measured in terms of:
- Energy content e.g. in kilojoules (kJ), British thermal units (Btu) or therms;
- Volume e.g. in m3 or liters; and
- Mass e.g. in metric tonnes or short tons.
- The way in which fuel data may be converted to MWh depends upon whether information about fuel is expressed in terms of energy content, volume or mass and guidance on conversion for each measurement is set out below.
- For fuel inputs, we ask for the energy content of fuels prior to combustion.
- Please include in your calculations the energy content of any biomass and self-produced fuels that you use for stationary combustion. Self-produced fuels are fuels produced by assets or activities within your reporting boundary that are combusted for energy generation. This is common in the oil and gas sector, e.g. refinery fuel gas, associated gas, etc.
If you have your fuel data in an energy unit, you can convert it to MWh using a conversion tool such as: www.onlineconversion.com
If your fuel data is in units of volume or mass and you know the energy content of your fuel
- If your fuel consumption is measured by volume or mass you need to obtain the energy content of the fuel in corresponding units, e.g. kJ/liter, kJ/m3, kJ/metric tonne. This is usually called the calorific value or heating value. It may be obtained from your fuel supplier or you may have your own values generated by your own tests.
- Multiply the fuel volume or mass by the calorific value (or heating value) in the appropriate units i.e. if the fuel data is in metric tonnes, then the calorific value must be expressed in energy units per metric tonnes. This gives you the energy content of the fuel used.
- Take the resulting figure and convert it to MWh using a conversion tool.
If your fuel data is in units of volume or mass and you do not know the energy content of the fuel
If you cannot obtain a calorific value (or heating value) specific to the fuel you purchase, default heating values may be used. Default heating values are reproduced in the GHG Protocol’s stationary combustion Excel spreadsheet. Please note: These default values are meant only to provide guidance for users who are developing their own values. Users are encouraged to develop their own values based on the actual characteristics of the fuel being combusted. The GHG Protocol has produced a new tool version 4.0.
If your fuel measurements are in units of mass
- If your figures are already in metric units of mass, convert them to Gg or Giga grams. The online converter has a webpage that can be used to convert between different metric units. The website can also be used to convert to Gg if your figures are in other units of mass e.g. short tons and pounds.
- Select the appropriate default calorific value (or heating value) from Table 1 above and multiply it by your mass figure in Gg. The resulting figure will be in TJ.
- Convert to MWh using the online converter.
If your fuel measurements are in units of volume
- If your fuels are gases or liquids and are in units of volume, convert to units of mass. To do this, organizations will need to know the density of the fuel. Organizations are encouraged to develop their own values based on the actual characteristics of the fuel being combusted. However, if you do not have density data specific to your fuel, you could use default density values from the GHG Protocol’s stationary combustion Excel spreadsheet.
- Multiply the units of volume by the appropriate density values from the spreadsheet to convert them to units of mass. Check that you are using the appropriate conversion factors i.e. if your data is in cubic feet do not use the conversion factor for cubic meters; use the conversion factor for cubic feet.
- Convert the data into Gg or Giga grams. The above online converter has a webpage that can be used to convert between different metric units. The conversion calculator can also be used to convert to Gg if your figures are in other units of mass e.g. short tons and pounds.
- Select the appropriate default calorific value (or heating value) from the spreadsheet above and multiply it by your mass figure in Gg. The resulting figure will be in TJ.
- Convert to MWh using the online converter.
Appendix D: Local government operations emissions reduction activities (question 8.1)
Building codes and standards
Building performance rating and reporting
Energy efficiency/ retrofit measures
On-site renewable energy generation
Switching to low-carbon fuels
Brownfield redevelopment programs
Compact cities
Eco-district development strategy
Green space and/ or biodiversity preservation and expansion
Transit oriented development
Urban agriculture
Low or zero carbon energy supply generation
Optimize traditional power/ energy production
Smart grid
Developing the green economy
Encourage sustainable food production and consumption
LED / CFL / other luminaire technologies
Smart lighting
Awareness and education for non-motorized transport
Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from motorized vehicles
Infrastructure for non-motorized transport
Transportation demand management
Recycling or composting collections and/or facilities
Wastewater to energy initiatives
Water metering and billing
Water recycling and reclamation
Appendix E: City-wide emissions reduction activities (question 8.4)
Buildings > Building codes and standards
Buildings > Building performance rating and reporting
Buildings > Carbon emissions reduction from industry
Buildings > Energy efficiency/ retrofit measures
Buildings > On-site renewable energy generation
Buildings > Switching to low-carbon fuels
Community-Scale Development > Brownfield redevelopment programs
Community-Scale Development > Building standards
Community-Scale Development > Compact cities
Community-Scale Development > Eco-district development strategy
Community-Scale Development > Green space and/ or biodiversity preservation and expansion
Community-Scale Development > Low carbon industrial zones
Community-Scale Development > Transit oriented development
Community-Scale Development > Urban agriculture
Energy Supply > Low or zero carbon energy supply generation
Energy Supply > Optimize traditional power/ energy production
Energy Supply > Smart grid
Energy Supply > Transmission and distribution loss reduction
Finance and Economic Development > Developing the green economy
Finance and Economic Development > Instruments to fund low carbon projects
Finance and Economic Development > Low-carbon industrial zones
Food and Agriculture > Encourage sustainable food production and consumption
Mass Transit > Improve bus infrastructure, services, and operations
Mass Transit > Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from bus and/or light rail
Mass Transit > Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from ferries
Mass Transit > Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from trucks
Mass Transit > Improve rail, metro, and tram infrastructure, services and operations
Mass Transit > Smart public transport
Outdoor Lighting > LED / CFL / other luminaire technologies
Outdoor Lighting > Smart lighting
Private Transport > Awareness and education for non-motorized transport
Private Transport > Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from aviation
Private Transport > Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from motorized vehicles
Private Transport > Improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 from trucks (private)
Private Transport > Improve the efficiency of freight systems
Private Transport > Improve the operations of shipping ports
Private Transport > Infrastructure for non-motorized transport
Private Transport > Transportation demand management
Waste > Improve the efficiency of long-haul transport
Waste > Improve the efficiency of waste collection
Waste > Landfill management
Waste > Recyclables and organics separation from other waste
Waste > Recycling or composting collections and/or facilities
Waste > Waste prevention policies and programs
Water > Wastewater to energy initiatives
Water > Water metering and billing
Water > Water recycling and reclamation
Social risks