CDP-ICLEI Track

A partnership between:

Introduction

Introduction to 2022 Cities Questionnaire

• 2022 Cities Questionnaire: We invite you to report to the following questions of the 2022 Cities Questionnaire. Responding governments will only have to report once, on one platform, to the following questions.
• CDP and ICLEI: CDP will use this climate data to provide insights for local and regional governments, allowing them to track their progress, benchmark their efforts with their peers and drive further action. ICLEI will support subnational governments with technical assistance and use this data to guide accelerating climate action, inform research and analysis activities and represent subnational governments in global advocacy forums to showcase local and regional climate leadership.
• Online Response System: Please report using CDP’s Online Response System (ORS), accessed via CDP’s website or the activation link you will receive. This document shows all the possible questions that responding governments may encounter in the ORS. Please note, you must submit your response in the ORS, the system cannot accept responses provided in other formats (i.e., PDF or Word documents).
• Personal Data: It is important that you do not include the name of any individual or any other personal data in your response. For questions that ask for the positions of staff, out of respect for personal data privacy we are asking only for the position and not for the individual’s name or any other information relating to them.
• Additional Information: At the end of the questionnaire, there is an opportunity to provide additional information or context that you feel is relevant to your response. This field is optional and not scored.

Support and resources

• 2022 Cities Questionnaire Changes Map: The 2022 Cities Questionnaire Changes Map provides an outline of key changes to the questions that comprise the questionnaire and further detail on the auto-population of previously reported data. Reducing reporting effort has been a priority consideration for the development of the Cities 2022 Questionnaire. This has resulted in a significant reduction in the number of questions and the quantity of data that is requested. The questions have been designed to improve efficiency in reporting with the vast majority of data requested in a selection-based or numeric format.
• 2022 Cities Reporting Guidance: The 2022 Cities Reporting Guidance describes what information to provide, the required format, and where to find tools or further information to construct your answer, it can be accessed on the linked guidance page. Additional reporting guidance is available within the Online Reporting System where guidance can be found by clicking on the help icon accompanying each question and through the expandable link below each question.
• Framework and Initiative Alignment: The 2022 Cities Framework Alignment Map provides an overview of the frameworks the questionnaire is aligned with and maps each question to the applicable framework. The 2022 Cities Questionnaire is aligned with the reporting requirements of several frameworks and initiatives including the Global Covenant of Mayors Common Reporting Framework (CRF), Race to Resilience, Race to Zero, Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), European Climate Pact, Sustainable Development Goals, ICLEI initiatives and C40 Cities.
• TCFD Guidance Note: The Guidance Note on the TCFD Recommendations for City, State, and Regional Governments provides an overview of the Task Force on Climate-related Disclosures (TCFD), the benefits of reporting against the TCFD recommendations, and maps the recommendations against the questionnaire.
• Accompanying Symbols: For certain columns and/or rows the symbol ^ will be presented, this is to indicate that the applicable column and/or row is a reporting requirement for the Global Covenant of Mayors Common Reporting Framework (CRF). For certain rows and/or columns the * symbol will be presented, this is to indicate that the presentation of the applicable column and/or row is dependent on an earlier selection within the question. The typical function of this is to present columns and/or rows of relevance where the responder has indicated that the data for the applicable field is available to report.
• Feedback: You can provide feedback on the content of our questionnaires and supporting documents through our online Questionnaire Feedback Form. The Questionnaire Feedback Form is available year-round and in multiple languages which can be changed using the language selection tool. We are unable to respond individually to all feedback, but please be assured that all form submissions are reviewed and contribute towards our continuous improvement.

• Contact: If you require further support for questions which are not addressed in the reporting guidance, for accessing the Online Reporting System or for general inquiries, please visit the CDP Help Centre. The ICLEI network can email [email protected]. C40 cities can contact their regional director or [email protected] for help in compiling their response.

Questionnaire Pathways

• CDP and ICLEI have introduced three questionnaire pathways to reflect the different contexts of local governments and further streamline reporting.
• The 2022 Cities Questionnaire is divided into three distinct pathways, an increase in the pathways is accompanied by an increase in the number of questions.
• Respondents will be recommended a pathway during the questionnaire activation process based upon their response to three questions but are provided the flexibility to select any pathway.
• Prior to submitting the response, respondents can always return to their dashboard and change the pathway selected. The pathway selected does not affect meeting the reporting requirements of the projects and initiatives the jurisdiction is participating in and it does not affect CDP scoring or Global Covenant of Mayor's badging.
• An overview of each pathway is provided in the table below and the complete breakdown can be viewed in the Questionnaire Mapping Document and further information can be found in the Questionnaire Pathways Guidance Note.

• As your jurisdiction is participating in the Global Covenant of Mayors you may be presented with additional questions (3.2, 3.3 and 3.4) and columns (indicated by the ^ symbol), dependent on the questionnaire pathway selected. This is to ensure your response aligns with the reporting requirements of GCoM's Common Reporting Framework. Refer to the Questionnaire Pathway Map for further information.

• As your jurisdiction is participating in ICLEI's GreenClimateCities Program you may be presented with additional questions and/or columns, dependent on the questionnaire pathway selected. This is to ensure your response aligns with the reporting requirements of the GreenClimateCities Program. Refer to the Questionnaire Pathway Map for further information.

• As your jurisdiction is participating in The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network you may be presented with additional questions and/or columns, dependent on the questionnaire pathway selected. This is to ensure your response aligns with the reporting requirements of The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network. Refer to the Questionnaire Pathway Map for further information.

• As your jurisdiction is participating in ICLEI EcoMobility and/or EcoLogistics you may be presented with additional questions, dependent on the questionnaire pathway selected. This is to ensure your response aligns with the reporting requirements of The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network. Refer to the Questionnaire Pathway Map for further information.

Acknowledgements

CDP and ICLEI would like to thank the following entities for their assistance in the development of the 2022 Cities Questionnaire.

Module: Governance

Demographic/Geographic Data

(0.1) Provide details of your jurisdiction in the table below.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation, Mitigation, Energy Access and Poverty Pillars^
• Race to Resilience
• Race to Zero
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

Administrative boundary (column 1)

• Select the administrative boundary of your jurisdiction by selecting the most appropriate response from the drop-down options listed.

Next highest level of government (column 2)

• Select the next highest level of government, for example if your administration is a county which is considered a legal subdivision of a state or regional government you may select the option ‘State/regional’ as the most appropriate.
• If none of the options represented reflect your jurisdictions context please select ‘Other, please specify’ and input the next highest level of government and if there is no higher level of government then select the option ‘No higher level of government’.

Next lowest level of government (column 3)

• Select the next lowest level of government, for example if your administration is a municipality and this is constituted of smaller local authorities you would may the option ‘Sub-municipal district’ as the most appropriate.
• If none of the options represented reflect your jurisdictions context please select ‘Other, please specify’ and input the next highest level of government and if there is no higher level of government then select the option ‘No higher level of government’.

Land area of the jurisdiction boundary (in square km) (column 4)

• Report the land area within your jurisdiction boundary in km2. We understand that some jurisdictions may prefer to use the imperial measurement system, however, to facilitate the comparison of data we request that all jurisdictions provide their land area in metric units. You may wish to use this tool to help you convert your answer into km2.

Percentage range of land area that is green space (column 5)

• Select the range that most accurately reflects the percentage of land area that is green space in your jurisdiction If you do not know this figure then select the option ‘I do not have this data’.
• Green space can be defined as land covered by vegetation of any kind on both private and public grounds. This also includes water bodies, e.g., ponds, lakes and streams. (World Health Organization).

Current (or most recent) population size (column 6)

• Provide the number of residents within your administrative boundary. Ensure that the figure is entered in a full format, for example, if the population is 1.87 million then enter 1,870,000.
• To support data quality, a notification will be presented in the reporting system when population figures or below 5,000 or above 50,000,000 are entered. The notification will request the user to review the figure to ensure it is correct, if it is correct no further action is required.
• Your jurisdiction population data may be found in the following sources: City Population, UN data, Global City Population Estimates (GLA)

Projected population size (column 8)

• Provide the projected number of residents within your jurisdiction boundary. Where possible report a projection that is aligned with your jurisdiction’s main emissions reduction target. For example, if your jurisdiction has an emissions reduction target of 100% by the year 2050, please provide a projection for 2050.
• Ensure that the figure is entered in a full format, for example, if the population is 1.87 million then enter 1,870,000.
• To support data quality, a notification will be presented in the reporting system when population figures or below 5,000 or above 50,000,000 are entered. The notification will request the user to review the figure to ensure it is correct, if it is correct no further action is required.

Select the currency used for all financial information reported throughout your response (column 10)

• The currency selected here will be used for all financial information throughout your response.
• This should be your preferred currency to report financial information, rather than necessarily the currency of your jurisdiction, as for some jurisdictions this may not be appropriate for estimating some project costs.

Explanation of terms

• Municipality: This is the most common form of local government and is responsible for administering areas often referred to as cities or towns.
• County / Province: Middle level administrative subdivision of a country.
• Federal district: Local government with the authority and responsibilities of all administrative levels below the national government. These heightened administrative powers are usually given to large or significant cities within a country, very often the capital city.
• Independent municipality: Local government with the authority and responsibilities of both a municipality as well as the next higher administrative level in the respective country. Exists in parallel to both municipalities and the next higher administrative level. We use the word independent when two bodies merge into a single one with both responsibilities and duties.
• Independent province: Province / County and at least one higher administrative level in the respective country. We use the word independent when two bodies merge into a single one with both responsibilities and duties.
• Indigenous Tribal Government / First Nation: The leadership of any community that self-identifies as an Indigenous community. Article 4 of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples states that: "Indigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financing their autonomous functions.”
• Intercommunality / Intermunicipality: Administrative level for a cluster of municipalities in one geographic area. This form of government is responsible for many local issues of infrastructure and maintenance.
• Independent intercommunality: An Intercommunality which also has the authority and responsibilities equivalent to at least one higher administrative level in the respective country. Exists in parallel to both other intercommunalities and the next higher administrative level. We use the word independent when two bodies merge into a single one with both responsibilities and duties.
• Local government area within a greater metropolitan area: A sub-tier of local government responsible for local services not overseen by the executive governing body (e.g., the City of London local authority within the Greater London Authority).
• Metropolitan area: A region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding areas (e.g., an urban area closely linked economically and socially, such as a commuting catchment area).
• Sovereign city-state: A state consisting of a sovereign city and its dependencies (e.g., Singapore; Vatican City).
• Special municipality: Local government with the authority and responsibilities of all administrative levels below the national government. These heightened administrative powers are usually given to large or significant cities within a country, very often the capital city.
• Sub-municipal district: Further administrative subdivision of a Municipality or Special city / Federal district. They are occasionally present in very large cities and are responsible for many of the tasks assigned to municipalities in other parts of the country.
• Town: An area with defined boundaries and a local government which is usually larger than a village but smaller than a city.
• State / Regional: Top level administrative subdivision of a country.

Note for cities in the United Kingdom

Select from the drop-down menu the administrative boundary of your local authority.

One-tier councils:

• If Combined Authority select ‘Metropolitan Area’
• If Unitary Authority select ‘Municipality’

Two-tier councils:

• If County Council select ‘County/Province’
• If District Council select ‘Local government area within a metropolitan area’

GCoM guidance

GCoM cities are required to report "administrative boundary", "land area", "current population", "population year", and "currency used", as contextual information.

Please note that the population, land area and mayor's info on the global GCoM website are collected from the GCoM registration process. It will NOT be updated according to your CDP report.

Oversight

(0.2) Provide information on your jurisdiction’s oversight of climate-related risks and opportunities and how these issues have impacted your jurisdiction's planning.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• TCFD: Governance (Disclosure A & B), Strategy (Disclosure B)
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13, SDG16, SDG17

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

Select the processes that reflect your jurisdiction's oversight of climate-related issues (column 1)

• Select the processes implemented by your jurisdiction's government as it pertains to the oversight of climate-related issues.
• The drop-down options reflect different processes that are used to inform government on climate-related issues, factor climate-related issues in key decision making and assign responsibility for climate-related issues to those within government.

• Climate-related issues may include:
  • Climate risks and opportunities that may impact the jurisdiction
  • Initiatives to help address these climate risks and opportunities
  • Progress on climate goals and targets (CPA, 2019)

Provide further details on your jurisdiction's oversight of climate-related issues (column 2)

• Provide further information on the processes and frequency by which your government is informed about climate-related issues.
• This can include information on how the government considers climate-related issues when reviewing and guiding strategy, major plans of action, master and development plans.
• Provide details on how your government oversees progress against goals and targets for addressing climate-related issues.

Describe how climate-related issues have impacted your jurisdiction’s master/development planning (column 3)

• Describe how your jurisdiction’s master/development planning has been influenced by climate-related risks and opportunities and the time horizon(s) it covers.
• Specify if this includes any climate change adaptation and mitigation activities.
• Include the most substantial strategic decision(s) to date that have been influenced by climate-related risks and opportunities.

Describe where and how climate-related issues have influenced your jurisdiction's financial planning/ budgeting (column 4)

• Climate-related issues can affect several important aspects of a governments financial position, both now and in the future. For example, climate-related issues may have implications for a government’s capital expenditures.
• Provide details on how climate-related risks and opportunities have influenced your government’s financial planning.
• You may consider including in the impact on financial planning in the following areas:
  • Operating costs and revenues
  • Capital expenditures and capital allocation
  • Access to capital

Describe the risks to your jurisdiction related to the transition to a low-carbon economy (column 5)

• The Task Force for Climate Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) divide climate-related risks into two major categories: the risks related to the transition to a low-carbon economy and the risks related to the physical impacts of climate change.
• In this field you are requested to provide a description of the wider transition risks your jurisdiction faces that are related to the transition to a low-carbon economy. In Question 1.2 you will be requested to report on the physical impacts of climate change.
• Transition risks may include:
  • Current and emerging regulation: Policy developments that attempt to constrain actions that contribute to the adverse effects of climate change or policy developments that seek to promote adaptation to climate change.
  • Technology: All risks associated with technological improvements or innovations that support the transition to a lower-carbon, energy-efficient economic system.
  • Legal: All climate-related litigation claims.
  • Market: All shifts in supply and demand for certain commodities, products, and services.
  • Reputation: All risks tied to changing community perceptions of a government's contribution to or detraction from the transition to a lower-carbon economy.

Opportunities and Equity

(0.3) Report how your jurisdiction assesses the wider environmental, social and economic opportunities and benefits of climate action.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• TCFD: Strategy (Disclosure A)
• Race to Resilience
• Race to Zero
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG1, SDG10

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested Content

General

• Wider opportunities and benefits are beneficial outcomes from actions that are not directly related to climate action. Such opportunities and benefits include cleaner air, green job creation, public health benefits from active travel, and biodiversity improvement through expansion of green space. (The co-benefits of climate action: Accelerating City-Level Ambition).
• Jurisdictions should be considering and evaluating the positive or negative impacts of climate action on residents. The evaluation results can be qualitative or quantitative and the findings will differ depending on the type of climate action that is being implemented. These results can help inform and develop targeted policies that help remedy pre-existing injustices and avoid an inequitable distribution of benefits from climate actions.
• Find out how to do an equity assessment in C40’s Inclusive Planning Roadmap published on the C40 Knowledge Hub.
• Find out more about analyzing the equity and inclusion aspects of your actions and measuring their equitable impacts via the Actions Analysis tool and equitable impacts guidance and tools on the C40 Knowledge Hub.

Does the jurisdiction assess the wider opportunities/benefits of climate action? (column 1)

• Your selection will determine whether the column ‘Outline how your jurisdiction quantifies the impact of these wider opportunities/benefits’ will be presented.
• Indicate whether your jurisdiction assess’ wider opportunities/benefits of climate actions and if so, is this assessment done for some, many or all climate actions.

Outline how your jurisdiction quantifies the impact of these wider opportunities/benefits (column 2)

• Evaluating the impacts of wider opportunities/benefits can help build a strong case for climate actions, create buy-in from decision-makers and help prioritize those actions that will deliver the most benefits (The co-benefits of climate action: Accelerating City-Level Ambition).
• The Urban Climate Action Impacts Framework suggests indicators that can be used to measure co-benefits.
• Tools that can enable your jurisdiction to quantify co-benefits include: C40 Benefits toolkit and Siemens City Performance Tool.
• If available, upload an attachment of your jurisdiction’s analysis of wider opportunities/benefits associated with climate action.

Describe the wider opportunities/benefits of climate action the jurisdiction has identified (column 3)

• Describe the most significant climate-related opportunities the jurisdiction has identified over the short, medium, and long term.
• Include a description of how these opportunities and wider benefits have impacted your jurisdiction across environmental, social and economic contexts.

Outline if and how your jurisdiction ensures the equitable distribution of climate action opportunities/benefits/ Please provide evidence and/or more details of how your jurisdiction is ensuring inclusive/equitable climate action (column 4 and 5)

• Climate actions should be designed to ensure that their benefits are equitably distributed across the population (C40).
• If your jurisdiction is ensuring equitable distribution of climate action impacts, select the measures your jurisdiction is taking. If your jurisdiction is not yet taking measures to ensure equitable distribution of climate action impacts, select whether they are in progress, intending to or not intending to do so.
• Provide evidence and/or more details that your jurisdiction is ensuring inclusivity/equity impacts of climate action.

Additional Information

Examples of how jurisdictions have taken findings from qualitative or quantitative equity assessments to address inequalities

Quito: The City of Quito (Ecuador) carried out a quantitative equity assessment of the impact of its metro system in 2017. This assessment revealed that 80% of women believed public transportation is unsafe and 63% concluded all activities before 6pm in order to be home before sundown. With this information, the city was able to launch a campaign and train their staff in gender-based violence, as well as deliver a community-led care service to improve safety in the city’s public transport system. In doing so, gender-based violence in the public transport system was reduced by 34.5% by 2019. This successful and inclusive approach to implementing public transport not only addressed a high risk that a frontline community faces but also increased women’s agency and mobility in the city, which has consequently had positive impacts on the city’s economy and its economic activities.

London: The Mayor of London’s Green New Deal, its green recovery programme aims to tackle the climate and ecological emergencies and improve air quality by doubling the size of London’s green economy by 2030 to accelerate job creation for all. As part of this effort the Mayor’s Green New Deal Fund will allocate up to £10 million in its first year to support projects that help achieve this ambition. One such project is the recently launched Future Neighbourhoods 2030 project. To inform this project, the city commissioned climate vulnerability mapping that takes account of risk of heat exposure, air pollution, flooding, access to green spaces, as well as social characteristics such as age, unemployment and poverty rates cross London. Informed by this assessment, the city has identified 2-4 neighbourhoods & community initiatives within the highest risk areas that will receive £7.5m of the Fund through Future Neighbourhoods. With a thorough socio-economic and climate risk equity assessment, London is demonstrating how its climate actions are being designed in an inclusive way whilst considering a strong approach to deliver equitable distribution of impacts on its communities.

Multilevel Governance

(0.4) Report on your engagement with higher and/or lower levels of governments regarding your jurisdiction's climate action.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG17

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

[Add Row]

Requested content

General

• Critical to achieving the credible, just, and ambitious commitments required to avoid a climate catastrophe is effective multilevel governance and coordination: collaboration, communication, and engagement among all levels of government (GCoM, 2021). This question is requesting information regarding your jurisdiction’s engagement and coordination with other levels of government on key climate actions.

Climate component (column 1)

• Select the climate action component for which you are reporting your engagement with higher and/or lower levels of governments. The focus of this question is on engagement regarding key climate action assessments, plans and targets. However, engagement on other climate action areas can also be reported on by selecting ‘Other, please specify’ and indicating the applicable area inn the text box that is presented.
• Your selection in this column determines the presentation of column 2 and column 3. If you select any option other than ‘Not engaging with other levels of governments regarding climate action’ you will be presented with column 2 and 3.

Outline the purpose of this engagement (column 3)

• Listed are common purposes as to why local and regional governments will engage with other levels of government (both horizontal and/or vertical) on climate action.
• This includes requirements placed upon local governments established by national governments, for example the requirements to create an emission inventory, establish an emissions reduction target.
• This also includes engagement whose purpose is to facilitate integration of the local and regional governments climate actions into Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and/or National Adaptation Plan (NAP) considerations.
• Other listed purposes address engagement whose purpose is to support progress tracking, data collection, information sharing and capacity building across the applicable levels of government.

Comment (Column 4)

• If the development of a particular component is required by a higher level of government please provide the name of the law, regulation and/or agreement and where possible a link to the document.
• If a publicly accessible digital platform is in place to support engagement between different levels of governments and progress tracking, please provide a link to that platform.

Further information

Multilevel Climate Action Playbook for Local and Regional Governments

• The Multilevel Climate Action Playbook for Local and Regional Governments recommends key elements of an enabling environment that can weave climate ambition and action of local and regional governments into Party policy developments to accelerate vertically integrated NDC implementation and investment plans.

Vertically Integrated Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV)systems

• Vertically Integrated Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) systems are an example of effective multi-level governance. While there are various approaches that can be used common purposes include supporting the monitoring of emissions and climate actions across levels of governments. The systems address communication, coordination, shared methods and responsibilities between two or more levels of government along various administrative tiers. Having a vertically integrated MRV system enables shared responsibilities, ideally with clearly defined roles for each level of government, with consideration of their respective (required) resources, objectives and mandates.
• To address these challenges, it is suggested that national governments integrate their national MRV system vertically with data and/or MRV systems of subnational governments in their country. Many national MRV systems do not include subnational governance bodies in any substantial way.
• The report Typical Challenges for Vertically Integrated Measurement, Reporting and Verification Systems of Greenhouse Gas Emissions provides an overview of the most common barriers and constraints for an effective implementation of a national vertically integrated MRV System. Included are recommendations on how these common barriers can be overcome in order to close the existing vertical gap in a more effective way (ICLEI, 2021).

Collaborative Actions

(0.5) Report your jurisdiction's most significant examples of collaboration with government, business, and/or civil society on climate-related issues.

A selection must be made for both fields in Column 1. Please note your data won't be saved if one field is left blank.

Questionnaire pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG17

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested content

General

• This question aims to understand how your jurisdiction collaborates with government, business or civil society on climate-related issues.
• If you select any option from the 'No significant examples of collaboration to report' group of options you will not be presented with the subsequent columns as indicated by the * symbol.
• You are requested to report examples of your jurisdiction’s most significant examples of collaboration with governments, businesses, and/or civil society on climate-related issues. If you wish to provide further examples you can do so by adding additional rows.
• According to the UN, "A successful sustainable development agenda requires partnerships between governments, the private sector and civil society. These inclusive partnerships built upon principles and values, a shared vision, and shared goals that place people and the planet at the centre, are needed at the global, regional, national and local level." (SDG Tracker)
• With respect to the example being reported please select the primary entity for which your jurisdiction has been collaborating with on climate-related issues.
• If you have engaged with different entities for the specific example being reported, you will be able to report these in the column ‘Other entities collaborated with’.
• If your jurisdiction has not yet collaborated with other stakeholders on climate-related issues, select one of the options under ‘No collaboration to report’, if this option is selected you will not be presented with any further columns in this question.
• If you select the option ‘Not intending to collaborate’ please briefly explain in the text box that is presented why and what are the barriers to collaborating with your jurisdiction’s stakeholders.

Further information

• Additional information about developing successful collaborations between cities and private sector can be found in the City-Business Climate Alliance Guide.
• The CBCA Guide is designed for city governments who want to work with their local business community to address the challenges of climate change. The guide draws on the real-world examples of Helsinki, Boston, London and Paris to walk through the key steps and phases to establish a CBCA.

Module: Assessment

Climate Risk and Vulnerability

(1.1) Has a climate risk and vulnerability assessment been undertaken for your jurisdiction? If not, please indicate why.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillar
• TCFD: Risk Management (Disclosure A)
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13
• European Climate Pact

Response Options

Select one of the following options:

• Yes, a climate risk and vulnerability assessment has been undertaken
• No, but we are currently undertaking one and it will be complete in the next year
• No, but we are intending to undertake one in the next two years
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of financial capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of expertise/technical capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of financial capacity and expertise/technical capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to other higher priorities
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to a reason not listed above, please specify

Requested content

General

• Indicate whether your jurisdiction has undertaken a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment by selecting the most relevant option from the drop-down menu.
• A climate change risk and vulnerability assessment is used to determine the nature and extent of risks posed by climate change.
• This is done by analyzing potential future climate hazards and evaluating existing vulnerabilities to understand the seriousness of the potential impacts on people, assets, services, livelihoods and the environment.
• If your jurisdiction has not undertaken a climate change risk or vulnerability assessment, then select the appropriate ‘No’ option which indicates your jurisdictions intention to conduct one.
• If you select ‘Yes, a climate risk and vulnerability assessment has been undertaken’ you will be presented with question 1.1a.

Resources

• Urban Risk Assessments: Understanding Disaster and Climate Risk in Cities (World Bank): The Urban Risk Assessment moves towards a common, cost-effective approach for specifying where and how many people are vulnerable to natural hazards and identifying high-risk infrastructure.
• Urban Adaptation Support Tool (UAST): The aim of the Urban Adaptation Support Tool (UAST) is to assist cities, towns and other local authorities in developing, implementing and monitoring climate change adaptation plans.

GCoM Guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Chapter 5, “Risk and Vulnerability Assessment” of the Common Reporting Framework, indicates that "Local governments shall prepare and submit a climate risk and vulnerability assessment within two years after committing to GCoM"

GCoM required columns and common mistakes

This question is mandatory to be compliant with the GCoM "Adaptation-Assessment badge". Please don't leave this question blank. If your RVA has been completed this year and is due to be published in 2022, you can select "Yes, a climate risk and vulnerability assessment has been undertaken"

Relevant tools and guidance materials

(1.1a) Provide details on your climate risk and vulnerability assessment.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Columns 1-5
• Pathway 2 and 3: Columns 1-7

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes, a climate risk and vulnerability assessment has been undertaken’ is selected in response to 1.1.

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillar^
• TCFD: Risk Management (Disclosure A, B, C)
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG1, SDG11, SDG13
• European Climate Pact

GreenClimateCities Program

• Cities participating in the GreenClimateCities Program will be presented with the complete question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

[Add Row]

Requested content

Assessment attachment and/or direct link (column 1)

• If a climate risk and vulnerability assessment has been undertaken, please attach this document here. Click on ‘Choose file’, navigate to the file you want to upload and click ‘Open’. Once you can see the file name in the text field click ‘Attach’ to attach the document.
• If you would like to provide a web link to your jurisdiction’s climate change risk or vulnerability assessment in addition to/or instead of attaching the document, please add the link here.

Confirm attachment/link provided to assessment (column 2)

• Select the appropriate option from the list of the presented options. For example, if you have attached the file in column 1 you will make the selection ‘The assessment has been attached’.
• Providing access to your jurisdiction’s climate change risk and vulnerability assessment is a key item for multiple projects, initiatives and data users for assessment and validation purposes. The purpose of this column is to ensure that jurisdictions who have reported they have undertaken a climate risk and vulnerability assessment have provided access to the assessment or have indicated that they cannot.
• Selecting an option in this column is mandatory in order for you to be able to submit your response.

Boundary of assessment relative to jurisdiction boundary (column 3)

• Indicate the boundary of your assessment relative to your jurisdiction’s boundary (as reported in 0.1).
• If a boundary option other than ‘Same (jurisdiction-wide) – covers entire jurisdiction and nothing else’ is selected a text box will be presented. Please provide a brief justification of boundary additions/exclusions in comparison with your jurisdiction’s boundary in the text box. If your risk assessment covers the entire jurisdiction and nothing else, you won’t be requested to provide an explanation here. For example, if the boundary is smaller or larger indicate the population that is covered by the assessment if this is different from the population reported in 0.1.

Year of publication or approval (column 4)

• Please state the year that your climate change risk or vulnerability assessment was published or approved by the jurisdiction’s government.

Factors considered in assessment (column 5)

• Select the applicable aspects addressed during the process of carrying out the risk or vulnerability assessment for your jurisdiction.
  • Vulnerable populations: This include individuals or groups of people who are less able than the general population to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from the impacts of disasters. Vulnerable populations may be described by race or ethnicity, culture, socio-economic status, geography, gender, disability, and age, or other characteristic, and may be disproportionally likely to be affected by climate hazards. Further information on this can be reported in Column 8.
  • Vulnerable geographic areas: As exposure to climate hazards is highly influenced by geographical location indicate if vulnerable geographic areas in the jurisdiction were considered during the assessment. Further information on this can be reported in Column 9 ‘Please explain’.
  • Transition risks: Transition risks are risks related to the transition to a low-carbon economy. These risks can include changes in tax revenue mix and sources, resulting in decreased revenues for jurisdictions, costs to transition to lower emissions technology re-pricing of assets (e.g., fossil fuel reserves, land valuations, securities valuations) etc.

Primary author(s) of assessment (column 6)

• Indicate the main author(s) predominately responsible for carrying out the risk and vulnerability assessment for your jurisdiction.
• If you select the option ‘Other, please specify’ do not include any personal data (i.e., any information that relates to an identified or identifiable living individual).

Please explain (column 7)

• Describe the processes for prioritizing and managing climate hazards, including how decisions are made to mitigate, transfer, accept, or control those hazards.
• Describe if and how the processes for assessing and managing climate hazards are integrated into your jurisdictions overall risk management processes.
• Provide any further information on your jurisdiction’s climate change risk and vulnerability assessment. This can include information on the primary process or methodology used to undertake the risk and vulnerability assessment of your jurisdiction.

Resources

• C40 Climate Change Risk Assessment Guidance: A guidance document to help cities conducting a Climate Change Risk assessment in line with GCOM and C40Cities requirements.

GCoM Guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Chapter 5, “Risk and Vulnerability Assessment” of the Common Reporting Framework, indicates that RVA assessments shall include the following information:

• The boundary of assessment (boundary of assessment shall be equal to or greater than the city boundary), including the local government(s) name(s)
• Year of approval from local government
• Data sources
• A glossary of key terms and definitions
• Leading/coordinating team in the city terminologies and definitions used in the reports shall be consistent with those used in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) or any update following the AR5 and national frameworks/requirements.

GCoM required columns and common mistakes

This question is mandatory to be compliant with the GCoM "Adaptation-Assessment badge". All mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately.

Climate hazards

(1.2) Provide details on the most significant climate hazards faced by your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Columns 1-5
• Pathway 2 and 3: Columns 1-11

GreenClimateCities Program

• Cities participating in the GreenClimateCities Program will be required to complete all columns in this question.

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillar^
• TCFD: Strategy (Disclosure A & B), Metrics and targets (Disclosure A)
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG1, SDG11, SDG13
• European Climate Pact

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

(Columns 2 -11 are only presented if a climate-related hazards is selected in column 1.)

[Add Row]

Requested content

General

• The hazards reported should be those which may pose inherently significant impacts to your jurisdiction regardless of whether your jurisdiction has taken action to mitigate risk(s).
• If you select the option 'No significant climate-related hazards, please specify why' you will not be presented with the subsequent columns in this question.

Climate-related hazards (column 1)

• Climate hazards are short-, medium-, or long-term climate events that have the potential to cause damage or harm to humans and natural systems. These include meteorological, climatological, hydrological, geophysical or biological events (C40).
• Indicate the climate hazards that your jurisdiction experiences either currently or in the future. It is only necessary to select the most significant hazards that your jurisdiction experiences.
• The list of climate hazard is not exhaustive of all climate hazards. Should the climate hazard your jurisdiction faces not be listed then select ‘Other, please specify’ and enter the climate hazard into the text box that is presented.
• You can only select and report on one hazard at a time, to select and report on further hazards you can select the ‘Add row’ button in the reporting system.
• Mass movement refers to a hazard such as a landslide, avalanche, and subsidence for example.
• Water stress refers to the ability, or lack thereof, to meet human and ecological demand for fresh water. Water stress hazards may include water availability, water quality, and the accessibility of water (i.e. whether people are able to make use of physically-available water supplies), which is often a function of the sufficiency of infrastructure and the affordability of water among other things (based on the CEO Water Mandate’s definition of water stress).

Vulnerable population groups most exposed (column 2)

• Select the vulnerable population groups that are expected to be most affected by future hazards. This information can help the local government in having a better understanding of the vulnerability dimension of risks and in prioritizing their adaptation actions.
• Vulnerable groups are local-context-bound and could include the options listed, though this list is not exhaustive, should you wish to report a population group not listed select ‘Other, please specify’ and enter the name of the population group.
• There are different methodologies for assessing vulnerabilities at the level of local governments and they differ in terms of technical capacities and resources required, this can include Indicator-Based Vulnerability Assessments.
• Marginalized/minority communities may include refugees, asylum seekers, migrants and national minorities.
• Low-income households may include unemployed persons and persons living in sub-standard housing.

Sectors most exposed (column 3)

• Indicate the critical sectors in your jurisdiction that will be most affected by the corresponding climate hazard. This question aims to capture an overview of your jurisdictions overall assessment of the sectors impacted by each climate hazard.

Describe the impacts on vulnerable populations and sector (column 4)

• Provide a brief description of the impacts on the vulnerable populations and sectors selected previously. For example, where data is available, please indicate the number of people from each vulnerable group most exposed to this hazard.

Proportion of the population exposed to the hazard (column 5)

• Based on your jurisdiction’s total population, select the most applicable percentage range that represents the proportion potentially exposed to the hazard. It is acknowledged that this selection will, in many cases, be based upon an estimate.
• Where your jurisdiction does not have the data available to respond you can select the option ‘Data is not available’.

Did this hazard significantly impact your jurisdiction before this reporting year? (column 6)

• Indicate using the drop-down menu whether the climate hazard selected had a significant impact on your jurisdiction this reporting year, to allow identification of hazards previously impacting the jurisdiction.

Current probability of hazard (column 7)

• Indicate the probability of each climate hazard selected occurring within the next five years. If possible, this response should be based on the outcome of a risk or vulnerability assessment process.
• If your assessment process has not provided quantitative estimates of likelihood, please estimate using the qualitative descriptors provided:
  • High: Extremely likely that the hazard will occur (e.g., greater than 1 in 2 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
  • Medium high: Highly likely that the hazard will occur (e.g., between 1 in 2 and 1 in 20 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
  • Medium: Likely that the hazard will occur (e.g., between 1 in 20 and 1 in 200 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
  • Medium low: Somewhat likely that the hazard will occur (e.g., between 1 in 200 and 1 in 2,000 chance of occurrence over the next five years)
  • Low: Not likely that the hazard will occur (e.g., between 1 in 2,000 and 1 in 20,000 chance of occurrence over the next five years)

Current magnitude of impact of hazard (column 8)

• Indicate the potential impact of each climate hazard identified on your jurisdiction within the next five years. If possible, this response should be based on the outcome of a risk or vulnerability assessment process. If your assessment process has not provided quantitative estimates of level of impact, please estimate using the qualitative descriptors provided:
  • High: The hazard represents the highest level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in extremely serious impacts to your jurisdiction and catastrophic interruption to day-to-day life.
  • Medium high: The hazard represents a high level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in serious impacts to your jurisdiction and interruption to day-to-day life.
  • Medium: The hazard represents a medium level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in impacts to your jurisdiction, but that these would be moderately significant to day-to-day life.
  • Medium low: The hazard represents a lower level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in impacts to your jurisdiction, but that these would be less significant to day-to-day life.
  • Low: The hazard represents the lowest level of potential concern for your jurisdiction. You anticipate that should it occur, the hazard would result in impacts to your jurisdiction, but that these would be insignificant in day-to-day life.

Expected future change in hazard intensity (column 9)

• Indicate the future expected change in intensity of climate change hazards in your jurisdiction based on the following definitions:
  • Increasing: Future hazards will be more intense because of climate change
  • Decreasing: Future hazards will be less intense because of climate change
  • None: Climate change will have no effect on the intensity of hazards

Expected future change in hazard frequency (column 10)

• Indicate the future expected change in frequency of climate change hazards in your jurisdiction based on the following definitions:
  • Increasing: Climate change will cause the hazard to occur more frequently in the future
  • Decreasing: Climate change will cause the hazard to occur less frequently in the future
  • None: Climate change will have no effect on the frequency of hazards

Timeframe that refers to the expected future changes (column 11)

• Indicate the timescale at which changes to intensity and frequency of climate change hazards are expected to occur based on the following list of values:
  • Short-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the changes to the frequency and intensity of the specified climate hazards by 2025.
  • Medium-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the changes to the frequency and intensity of the specified climate hazards between 2026 and 2050.
  • Long-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the changes to the frequency and intensity of the specified climate hazards after 2051.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Sections 5.2 "Climate Hazards" of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that local governments shall identify the most significant climate hazards faced by the community. For each identified climate hazards, the local government shall report the following information:

• Current probability and consequence
• Description of expected future impacts
• Expected intensity-frequency-and timescale of the hazard
• All relevant sectors, assets or services that are expected to be the most impacted by the hazard in future and the magnitude of the impact for each of them.

GCoM Required columns and common mistakes

All mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately. At least one complete row of all mandatory columns must be answered to be compliant with the GCoM "adaptation assessment badge".

Please remember that "Do not know" is also a badge eligible answer, when a city has not experienced or observed climate hazards in the past or has no ways of accurately reporting this information based on evidence or data.

(1.3) Identify and describe the most significant factors impacting on your jurisdiction’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability.

A selection must be made for both fields in Column 2. Please note your data won't be saved if one field is left blank.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillar^
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

Requested content

General

Adaptive capacity: Adaptive capacity refers to the degree in which people and other organisms, assets, institutions and sectors are able to adjust to potential damage, to take advantage of opportunities or to respond to consequences.

Factors that affect ability to adapt (Column 1)

• Indicate the major factors that either support or challenge your jurisdiction's adaptive capacity.
• Note that you can select the same factor more than once if that factor both support and challenges your jurisdiction's adaptive capacity. For example, a jurisdiction experiencing rapid migration may benefit from increased economic growth and human capital; however, this trend may also experience significant pressure on infrastructure services that may increase the risk of day-to-day service interruptions, thus weakening the jurisdiction's resilience to shock events.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 5.3 “Adaptive Capacity” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that “Local government shall identify factors that will most greatly affect its own and the city's adaptive capacity and enhance climate resilience”. For each factor, the local government shall report the following information:

• Description of the factor as it relates to the adaptive capacity (support of challenge)
• Degree to which the factor challenges the adaptive capacity and obstructs enhanced climate resilience

Regional Variations

• For Covenant of Mayors Europe signatories, Question 1.3 is not mandatory

GCoM Required columns and common mistakes

All mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately. At least one complete row must be answered to be compliant with the GCoM "adaptation assessment badge".

Emissions Inventory

Community-wide Emissions Inventory Methodology

(2.1) Does your jurisdiction have a community-wide emissions inventory to report?

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar
• TCFD: Metrics and Targets (Disclosure B)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Select from:

• Yes
• No, but we are currently undertaking one and it will be complete in the next year
• No, but we are intending to undertake one in the next two years
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of financial capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of expertise/technical capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of financial capacity and expertise/technical capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to other higher priorities
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to a reason not listed above, please specify

Requested content

General

• An emissions inventory enables jurisdictions to understand the emissions sources and effects of different activities. It allows jurisdictions to determine where to best direct mitigation efforts, create a strategy to reduce emissions, and track their progress. Emissions inventories are critical for tracking changes in overall GHG emissions and removals. Assessing and reporting progress toward mitigation goals should be carried out in conjunction with regularly developing and updating a GHG inventory. Jurisdictions can report their emissions regardless of which protocol or methodology they have used to develop their inventory.
• Community-wide (sometimes referred to as ‘geographic’, ‘city-wide’ and/or regional-wide’) encompass emissions which are within a particular geopolitical region, over which local governments can exercise a degree of influence through the policies and regulations they implement.
• Indicate that your jurisdiction can report a community-wide emissions inventory by selecting ‘Yes’.

Resources

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 3 “Greenhouse gas emissions inventory” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that “Local governments shall submit their greenhouse gas emissions inventory to GCoM within two years upon joining GCoM. Every subsequent two years, a more recent greenhouse gas emissions inventory shall be submitted to GCoM. Greenhouse gas emission inventories shall cover a consecutive period of 12 months".

GCoM Required columns and common mistakes

To be compliant with the GCoM "Mitigation-Inventory badge" you must answer "Yes" and provide detailed emission reporting in question 2.1d. If you choose another answer, CDP and the GCoM Regional Covenants may reach out to provide technical support. However, you will not be compliant with the GCoM "Inventory Badge" for 2022.

(2.1a) Provide an attachment (in spreadsheet format) or a direct link to your community-wide emissions inventory. In addition, select the inventory year and report the jurisdiction’s population for that year.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes’ is selected in response to 2.1

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar^
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

General

• Please ensure that you attach or provide a link to your most recent community-wide emissions inventory. Where possible this document should also include the activity data, emissions factors and the calculations conducted that underpin the emissions data.

Community-wide inventory attachment (spreadsheet) and/or link (with unrestricted access) (column 1)

• Use this field to attach your jurisdiction’s inventory. You can do this by clicking ‘Chose file’, navigating to the inventory file and clicking ‘Attach’. Confirm that the inventory has been attached by selecting the option ‘The emissions inventory has been attached’ in column 2.
• If available it is preferred that you attach a spreadsheet (i.e., excel) format of your emissions inventory. Macro-enabled spreadsheets that use the “.xlsm” format (e.g., CIRIS, earlier versions of the GPC reporting tool) should be saved as Excel workbooks “.xlsx” to be attached to the questionnaire.
• If you are providing a direct weblink to the emissions inventory, please ensure the emissions inventory can be accessed unrestricted on the link provided.
• Ensure that the emissions factors and activity data used to calculate the cities emissions are accessible within the attached/linked emissions inventory. If the emissions factors and activity data are not accessible within the attached/linked inventory, please attach them separately.
• Clearpath Users: Please note if you are using the ClearPath tool, then attach both extracts.
• Clearpath, CIRIS, Snapshot, SCATTER and/or ClimateView Users: Please note if your jurisdiction imports data from CIRIS, Clearpath, Snapshot, SCATTER or ClimateView to your response you are still required to attach the inventory itself to this question.

Status of community-wide inventory attachment and/or direct link (column 2)

• Select the appropriate option from the list of the presented options. For example, if you have attached the file in column 2 you will make the selection ‘The emissions inventory has been attached’.
• Providing access to your jurisdiction’s emissions inventory is a key item for multiple projects, initiatives and data users for assessment and validation purposes. The purpose of this column is to ensure that cities who have reported they have inventories have provided access to the inventory or have indicated that they cannot.
• Selecting an option in this column is mandatory in order for you to be able to submit your response.

Inventory year (column 3)

• Report the year of your latest community-wide inventory. This is the year covered by the emissions inventory and not the year of publication or the year when the assessment was made.
• If your jurisdiction uses the C40 City Inventory Reporting and Information System (CIRIS tools for managing and reporting emissions inventory data, you can import your response data for this column. Further guidance on how to import can be accessed here.

Population in inventory year (column 4)

• Provide your jurisdictions population (the number of residents within the boundary of the emissions inventory) in the selected inventory year.
• Ensure that the population figure is entered in a full format, for example if the population is 1.87 million then enter 1,870,000.
• To support data quality, a notification will be presented in the reporting system when population figures of below 5,000 or above 50,000,000 are entered. The notification will request the user to review the figure to ensure it is correct, if it is correct no further action is required and the notification can be ignored.
• If your jurisdiction uses the C40 City Inventory Reporting and Information System (CIRIS tools for managing and reporting emissions inventory data, you can import your response data for this column. Further guidance on how to import can be accessed here.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 3.1 “GHG Accounting Principles” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that local governments shall compile GHG inventories on a regular basis, to enable monitoring and tracking the impact of climate actions, also to ensure continuous improvement in data quality, resulting in a clearly defined inventory boundary, improved data sources and defined methodologies that shall be consistent through the years (e.g., clarify where there is an evolution, e.g. population growth), so that differences in the results between years reflect real differences in emissions and mitigation efforts by the local government and the city.

Section 3.5 "Activity data and Emission factor" of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that in addition to GHG data, local governments shall report activity data (in MWh, PJ, etc.) and emission factors for all sources of emissions, disaggregated by activity/fuel type.

Avoiding common mistakes

All mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately to be compliant with the GCoM "Mitigation-Inventory badge".

Please remember that the attached supporting document or link shall include activity data (amount of fuel or electricity consumption) and emission factors (CO2e per unit of fuel consumed) for all emissions reported in question 2.1d below. An inventory without activity data breakdown and emission factors is not compliant with the inventory badge.

You can find a example of the emission factor and activity data here.

CIRIS users can upload the CIRIS tool directly, Clearpath users can upload the export in the version called "GPC Overview". European cities can upload the My covenant reporting template.

(2.1b) Provide the following information regarding your latest community-wide GHG emissions inventory.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes’ is selected in response to 2.1

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar^
• TFCD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure B)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table.

Requested content

Boundary of inventory relative to jurisdiction boundary (column 1)

• Indicate the boundary of your community-wide emissions inventory relative to your jurisdiction’s boundary (as reported in 0.1).
• If your community-wide emissions inventory covers only part of the jurisdiction or covers the whole jurisdiction and adjoining areas outside of the jurisdiction boundary then use the explanation field presented to briefly describe which areas are excluded or additional areas included.

Primary methodology/framework to compile inventory (column 2)

• Please note that making a selection in this column is required in order for you to be able to submit your response.
• Select the primary methodology that you followed in measuring greenhouse gas emissions for your jurisdiction.
• The selection made in this column can determine the emissions data questions (2.1c, 2.d or 2.1e) you are to be presented. Note that all GCoM committed cities will be required to report their inventory based on the requirements of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework and will be presented with question 2.1c
  • By selecting the option ‘GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)’ option you will be requested to report your emissions in the GCoM Common Reporting Framework format (Question 2.1d)
  • By selecting the option ‘Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC)’ you will be requested to report your emissions in the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories format (Question 2.1c)
  • By selecting any other option than the above you will be requested to report your scope and sector emissions in line with the methodology used (Questions 2.1d, and 2.1e)
• If the methodology used to develop the inventory is not presented in the list, then select ‘Other, please specify’ and provide the name and/or a brief description of the methodology used.

Tool used to compile inventory (column 3)

• Select the tool used to develop the emissions inventory from the list of tools provided. The list does not contain all tools that can be used and will be updated annually to reflect additional tools used by reporting jurisdictions.
• If the tool used is not listed, please select ‘Other, please specify’ and provide the name of the tool in the text box that is presented.

Gases included in inventory (column 4)

• Select the greenhouse gases included in your inventory. The list consists of the main gases as defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), as well as nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).

Source of Global Warming Potential values (column 5)

• Select the IPCC Assessment Report from which the Global Warming Potential values have been sourced for the emissions inventory.

Has the inventory been audited/verified? (column 6)

• Indicate if your inventory has been externally or internally verified and/or audited and if possible, please attach documentation as evidence of the audit/verification to this column.
• Jurisdictions may choose to externally or internally verify or audit their emissions inventory to demonstrate that it has been developed in accordance with the requirements of the selected methodology and to provide assurance to users that it represents a faithful, true, and fair account of their jurisdiction’s GHG emissions.
• While verification is often undertaken by an independent organization (third-party verification), this may not always be the case. Many jurisdictions interested in improving their emissions inventories may subject their information to internal verification by staff who are independent of the GHG accounting and reporting process (self-verification).
• Both types of verification should follow similar procedures and processes. For external stakeholders, third-party verification is likely to significantly increase the credibility of the GHG inventory.

Overall level of data quality (column 7)

• Jurisdictions are requested to evaluate and report the quality of both the activity data and the emission factors used across the inventory as a whole. Jurisdictions may have specific sub-sector data quality classifications, if so, please select the median classification option across all sub-sectors.
• Definitions on the three data quality classifications as they apply to activity data and emissions factors are:
  • High: Detailed activity data, Specific emission factors
  • Medium: Modelled activity data using robust assumptions, More general emission factors
  • Low: Highly modelled or uncertain activity data, Default emission factors
• For further information on evaluating and reporting the quality of both the activity data and the emission factors see Section 5.6 ‘Managing data quality and uncertainty’ of the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories.

Has the methodology and/or boundary used for this inventory changed when compared to the previously reported inventory? (column 8)

• If your most recent emissions inventory that is being reported is based upon a different methodology and/or boundary than your previously reported inventory, please indicate this.
• If the changes are significant enough then it is recommended that the emissions for previous years are retroactively recalculated to reflect the changes.
• If this is the case, then please attach the updated historical emissions inventories where available. Please ensure the historical emissions inventory document(s) is attached in Excel format.

Additional documentation and comments (column 9)

• Report or attach any additional information or documentation that may be required to provide further context to the emissions inventory.
• Justify any exclusions of greenhouse gases from the inventory. For example, indicate if emissions from these gas(es) are insignificant or if certain gas(es) are not able to be measured.
• If you report that there has been a recalculation a recalculation of historic emissions data, please report information on the reasons and impact of the recalculation and totals.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 3.1 “GHG Accounting Principles” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that “Local governments shall compile GHG inventories on a regular basis, to enable monitoring and tracking the impact of climate actions, also to ensure continuous improvement in data quality, resulting in a clearly defined inventory boundary, improved data sources and defined methodologies that shall be consistent through the years (e.g., clarify where there is an evolution, e.g. population growth), so that differences in the results between years reflect real differences in emissions and mitigation efforts by the local government and the city.

Section 3.5 "Activity data and Emission factors" indicates that local governments shall account for emissions of the following gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).

Avoiding common mistakes

All mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately to be compliant with the GCoM "Mitigation-Inventory badge".

[Add Row]

Community-wide Emissions Inventory Data

(2.1c) Provide a breakdown of your community-wide emissions by scope. If the inventory has been developed using the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC) you will also be requested to provide a breakdown by sector.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if you are reporting emissions in any format other than the format of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

• If you are reporting in any format other than the CRF, you will be presented with scopes 1, 2 and 3 (rows 1- 4)
• If you are reporting in the format of the GPC, you will also be presented with GPC defined sectors (rows 5 – 17)

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Rows 1-4 (Scope)
• Pathway 2 and 3: Rows 1-17 (Complete question)

Global Covenant of Mayors

• Cities participating in the Global Covenant of Mayors will not be presented with this question and will requested to report their emissions in the format of the Common Reporting Framework (2.1d).

Connection to other frameworks

• TFCD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure B)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

If the inventory has been developed using the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC):

Requested content

General

• If reporting in the format of the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC) you will be requested to report the breakdown by sector and scope. If reporting in any other format you will only be requested to report the breakdown by scope in this question and to provide a breakdown of your community-wide emissions by sector in Question 2.1e.
• If your jurisdiction uses the City Inventory Reporting and Information System (CIRIS) or ClimateOS (ClimateView) tools for managing and reporting emissions inventory data, you can import your response data for selected questions for this question. Further guidance on how to import can be accessed here.
• BASIC emissions: Includes scope 1 and scope 2 emissions from stationary energy and transportation, as well as scope 1 and scope 3 emissions from waste.
• BASIC+ emissions: Includes BASIC emissions plus emissions from IPPU and AFOLU and transboundary transportation (scope 3 'energy use' and 'transportation').

Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 2)

• For each sector and scope please report the quantity of emissions in metric tonnes CO2e.
• If there are no emissions occurring within your jurisdiction relating to a specific sector/scope, please indicate this with a 0.
• Ensure that the reported emissions apply to the 12-month reporting period as previously reported in question 2.1a.
• For further information on the accounting and reporting requirements see the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories.

Notation keys (column 3)

• Notation keys may be used to accommodate limitations in data availability and differences in emission sources between jurisdictions.
• Where notation keys are used, an accompanying explanation should be provided in the field ‘Comment’ to explain any excluded sources, identify any emissions covered under an ETS and to provide any other comments.
• The following are the descriptions on how to use the notation keys:
  • “NO” (not occurring): An activity or process does not occur or exist within the jurisdiction. This notation key may also be used for insignificant sources.
  • "IE” (included elsewhere): GHG emissions for this activity are estimated and presented in another category in the same inventory, stating where it is added. This notation key may be used where it is difficult to disaggregate data into multiple sub-sectors. A justification must be provided when using this notation and you must also indicate in which subsector the emissions were integrated.
  • “NE” (not estimated): GHG emissions occur but have not been estimated or reported, with a justification why. This notation is not allowed for mandatory sectors (even if a justification is provided). You should provide a rough estimate (i.e. downscale emissions from national data based on population) or use the notation key "NO" if these emissions are considered insignificant.
  • "C” (confidential): GHG emissions which could lead to the disclosure of confidential information, and as such are not reported publicly.

Level of data quality for sector and scope (column 4)

• Jurisdictions are requested to evaluate and report the quality of both the activity data and the emission factors used for each applicable sector and scope.
• Definitions on the three data quality classifications as they apply to activity data and emissions factors are:
  • High (H): Detailed activity data, Specific emission factors
  • Medium (M): Modelled activity data using robust assumptions, More general emission factors
  • Low (L): Highly-modelled or uncertain activity data, Default emission factors
• For further information on evaluating and reporting the quality of both the activity data and the emission factors see Section 5.6 ‘Managing data quality and uncertainty’ of the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories.

(2.1d) Provide a breakdown of your community-wide emissions in the format of the Common Reporting Framework.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if you have indicated your jurisdiction is reporting it's emissions in the format of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF) or your jurisdiction is participating in the Global Covenant of Mayors.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Rows 30 and 31 (Total generation of grid-supplied energy, Total emissions)
• Pathway 2 and 3: Rows 1-31 (Complete question)

Global Covenant of Mayors

• Cities participating in the Global Covenant of Mayors will be presented with the complete question. Requested information aligned with the requirements Common Reporting Framework is indicated by the ^ symbol.

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar^
• TFCD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure B)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

General

• If your jurisdiction uses the C40 City Inventory Reporting and Information System (CIRIS), ICLEI Clearpath, SCATTER or Snapshot tools for managing and reporting emissions inventory data, you can import your response data for this question. Further guidance on how to import can be accessed here.

Emissions data (columns 2, 4, 6)

• For each sector and sub-sector please report the quantity of direct and indirect emissions in metric tonnes CO2e.
• If there are no emissions occurring within your jurisdiction relating to a specific sector/subsector, please indicate this with a 0.
• Ensure that the reported emissions apply to the 12-month reporting period as previously reported in question 2.1a.
• Offsets purchased from outside the geographic boundary should be separately reported and not “netted” or deducted from the reported inventory results.

Notation keys (columns 3, 5, 7)

• Notation keys may be used to accommodate limitations in data availability and differences in emission sources between local governments.
• Where notation keys are used, an accompanying explanation shall be provided in the field ‘Please explain for any excluded sources, identify any emissions covered under an ETS and provide any other comments’.
• The following are the descriptions on how to use the notation keys:
  • “NO” (not occurring): An activity or process does not occur or exist within the jurisdiction. This notation key may also be used for insignificant sources.
  • "IE” (included elsewhere): GHG emissions for this activity are estimated and presented in another category in the same inventory, stating where it is added. This notation key may be used where it is difficult to disaggregate data into multiple sub-sectors. A justification must be provided when using this notation and you must also indicate in which subsector the emissions were integrated.
  • “NE” (not estimated): GHG emissions occur but have not been estimated or reported, with a justification why. This notation is not allowed for mandatory sectors (even if a justification is provided). You should provide a rough estimate (i.e. downscale emissions from national data based on population) or use the notation key "NO" if these emissions are considered insignificant.
  • "C” (confidential): GHG emissions which could lead to the disclosure of confidential information, and as such are not reported publicly.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 "GHG Accounting Principles” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that local governments shall consider all categories of emission sources and report all emissions that are significant. Exclusion of emission sources shall be disclosed and justified, using the notation keys in the reporting template.

Notation keys: “Notation keys may be used to accommodate limitations in data availability and differences in emission sources between local governments. Where notation keys are used, an accompanying explanation shall be provided.”

The following are the descriptions on how to use the notation keys:

• “NO” (not occurring): An activity or process does not occur or exist within the city. This notation key may also be used for insignificant sources.
• “IE” (included elsewhere): GHG emissions for this activity are estimated and presented in another category in the same inventory, stating where it is added. This notation key may be used where it is difficult to disaggregate data into multiple sub-sectors.
• “NE” (not estimated): GHG emissions occur but have not been estimated or reported, with a justification why.
• “C” (confidential): GHG emissions which could lead to the disclosure of confidential information, and as such are not reported publicly

Emission sources: "Local governments shall report GHG emissions from at least four main sectors":

• Stationary energy
• Transportation
• Waste
• Energy generation

Regional Variations

• Covenant of Mayors Europe signatories don’t require stationary energy, fugitive emissions, all waste or local renewable energy generation
• GCoM Canada signatories don’t require stationary energy - agriculture, fugitive emissions, transportation - rail, waterborne, aviation, off-road, waste - wastewater, biological treatment, or all energy generation

Avoiding common mistakes

Important common mistakes:

1. Reporting “0” in mandatory emissions is not compliant. Please use an appropriate notation key: "IE"(included elsewhere), "NO"(not occurring), or "NE" (not estimated).
2. Please only use "NE" (not estimated) when GHG emissions occur but have not been estimated or reported. It is used to mark where improvement can be made in future years. The use of "NE" is not compliant with the GCoM "inventory badge". If the emission is not estimated because the emission from this subsector is very scarce or rare, please use "NO" (not occurring). For example, if emissions from water-born transport is a minor source within city A, the city should use notation key NO for the direct and indirect emission for water-born transport emissions.
3. If GHG emissions are estimated and presented in another category in the same inventory, please use “IE” (included elsewhere) along with a justification. Failing to provide a justification is not compliant

You can find all required emissions estimations in the following table-Please don't leave blank or forget justifications when using notation keys.

(2.1e) Provide a breakdown of your community-wide emissions by sector.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if you are reporting your emissions in any format other than the format of the Global Protocol for Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC) or GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• TFCD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure B)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

Requested content

Sector and Sub-sector (column 1 and 2)

• The emissions sectors presented are dependent upon the previously selected methodology that was reported as being used to develop the emissions inventory. Use the 'Add row' function to report the emissions breakdown using multiple sectors, sub-sectors, and scopes.
• The purpose of this question is to learn more about how your jurisdiction breaks down emissions, which can be valuable information for comparative understanding between cities. Please note that this question is flexible to accommodate many of the different kinds of categories used by jurisdictions.

Scope (column 3)

• If the reported emissions are categorized by scope, please report the applicable scope:
  • Scope 1: GHG emissions from sources located within the jurisdiction boundary.
  • Scope 2: GHG emissions occurring as a consequence of the use of grid-supplied electricity, heat, steam and/or cooling within the jurisdiction boundary.
  • Scope 3: All other GHG emissions that occur outside the jurisdiction boundary as a result of activities taking place within the jurisdiction boundary.

Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 4)

• For each source, please report the quantity of emissions in metric tonnes CO2e. Ensure that the reported emissions apply to the 12-month reporting period as previously reported in question 2.1a.

Comment (column 5)

• Indicate if you do not have the full breakdown of your jurisdiction's emissions or if the emissions being reported are an estimation e.g., downscale from national level or utilization of proxy data.

Consumption-Based Emissions Inventory

(2.2) Does your jurisdiction have a consumption-based emissions inventory to measure emissions from consumption of goods and services?

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

General

• Consumption-based greenhouse gas accounting is an alternative to the sector and scope approach to measuring community-wide emissions. Consumption-based greenhouse gas accounting focuses on the consumption of goods and services (such as food, clothing, electronic equipment, etc.) by residents of the jurisdiction, and GHG emissions are reported by consumption category rather than GHG emission source category.
• Further information on consumption-based inventories can be found by navigating to the following resources:
  • Consumption-based GHG Emissions of C40 Cities,
  • PAS 2070:2013: Specification for the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions of a city. Direct plus supply chain and consumption-based methodologies

Consumption-based emissions inventory (column 1)

• Report whether your jurisdiction has a consumption-based inventory, and if not select the most appliable option that reflects your jurisdictions intentions to develop and report one.

Provide an overview and attach your consumption-based inventory if relevant (column 2)

• Provide a brief outline of the information contained within your consumption-based inventory.
• Describe the main conclusions or findings of the inventory, including the total GHG emissions for your jurisdiction, as well as the sector that has the biggest contribution to GHG emissions.
• You could state how total GHG emissions derived from a consumption-based methodology compare to alternative production-based calculations of emissions.

Government Operations Emissions

(2.3) Do you have an emissions inventory for your government operations to report?

Response Options

Select from:

• Yes
• No

Requested content

General

• The questions in this section refer to emissions associated with your government operations (sometimes referred to as ‘corporate’ or ‘municipal’) emissions. The majority of emissions from government operations are a subset of community emissions, typically ranging from 3–7% of total jurisdiction-wide emissions.
• Although this is a relatively small fraction of the jurisdiction’s emissions, it clearly shows that local governments must use their influence over operations that are not under their direct control (e.g., improving the energy performance of private buildings through the municipal building code).
• Select ‘Yes’ to indicate that you have a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory for your local government operations to report.
• A local government operations emissions inventory accounts for emissions from operations, activities and facilities that governments own or operate, including those from municipal fleets or buildings, or from waste management services provided by the municipality to the community (GPC).
• For more information on the difference between Government and Community emissions inventories, please see the following documents:
  • Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP) for the Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (Version 1.1) (a collaboration between The California Air Resources Board, The California Climate Action Registry, The Climate Registry, and ICLEI)
  • International Local Government GHG Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP) developed by ICLEI
  • Appendix B in the Global Protocol for Community-scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (WRI, C40 and ICLEI).

(2.3a) Attach your government operations emissions inventory and report the following information regarding this inventory.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes’ is selected in response to 2.3

Response Options

Requested Content

Government operations emissions inventory attachment and/or link (column 1)

• Use this field to attach your government operations emissions inventory. You can do this by clicking ‘Chose file’, navigating to the inventory file and clicking ‘Attach’.
• If available it is preferred that you attach a spreadsheet (i.e., excel) format of your emissions inventory. Macro-enabled spreadsheets that use the “.xlsm” format should be saved as Excel workbooks “.xlsx” to be attached to the questionnaire.
• If you are providing a direct weblink to the emissions inventory, please ensure the emissions inventory can be accessed unrestricted on the link provided.

Reporting year (column 2)

• Report the year of your latest government operations emissions inventory. This is the year covered by the emissions inventory and not the year of publication or the year when the assessment was made.

Boundary (column 3)

• The options allow for emissions to be captured from a ranging set of institutions, from government departments to quasi-governmental authorities, public corporations and special purpose vehicles.
• Further guidance on the suitability of these different methods is available in the Local Government Operations Protocol, the WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol, and Appendix B of the Global Protocol for Community Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories.
• If none of the listed options describes your boundary, please select “Other, please specify” from the drop-down list. You will then be provided with a text box in which to describe your boundary.

Gases included in emissions inventory (column 4)

• Select the greenhouse gases included in your inventory. The list consists of the main gases as defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), as well as nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).

Primary protocol (column 5)

• Please select the methodology on which you base the majority of your calculations. The system will only let you select one methodology. If you do not see your chosen methodology reflected in the list please select “Other, please specify” and describe your methodology.

Emissions sources included (column 6)

• Select the sources of emissions that are included in the inventory. This includes the fuel that is consumed (converted to end-use energy) directly by your jurisdiction’s government – referring to Scope 1 emissions. Scope 1 emissions are all direct GHG emissions sources owned or operated by the municipal government. This fuel could be used in combustion in owned or controlled boilers, furnaces, vehicles, etc.
• If Scope 3 emissions are also calculated the select the Scope 3 emissions sources included in this calculation, these sources include ‘(Scope 3)’ at the end.

Has the inventory been audited/verified? (column 7)

• Indicate if your inventory has been externally or internally verified and/or audited and if possible, please attach documentation as evidence of the audit/verification to this column.
• Jurisdictions may choose to externally or internally verify or audit their emissions inventory to demonstrate that it has been developed in accordance with the requirements of the selected methodology and to provide assurance to users that it represents a faithful, true, and fair account of their GHG emissions.
• While verification is often undertaken by an independent organization (third-party verification), this may not always be the case. Many jurisdictions interested in improving their emissions inventories may subject their information to internal verification by staff who are independent of the GHG accounting and reporting process (self-verification).
• Both types of verification should follow similar procedures and processes. For external stakeholders, third-party verification is likely to significantly increase the credibility of the GHG inventory.

(2.3b) Report your government operations emissions in metric tonnes CO2e.

Question dependencies

This question only appears if you select 'Yes' in response to 2.3

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

General

• Report your total Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 emissions in metric tonnes CO2e. Where you do not have this data leave the applicable fields blank.
• Scope 1 emissions are all direct GHG emissions sources owned or operated by the government.
• Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions as a result of electricity, steam, heating, or cooling that has been purchased or acquired by the government.
• Scope 3 emissions are all other indirect emissions not covered in Scope 2, such as emissions resulting from the extraction and production of purchased materials and fuels, transport-related activities in vehicles not owned or controlled by the reporting entity (e.g., employee commuting and business travel), outsourced activities, waste disposal, etc.

Comment (column 4)

• Provide any further relevant detail on the emissions reported and explain any inconsistencies or gaps in data.

Sector Assessment Data

Energy Assessment Data

(3.1) Report the total annual electricity and heating and cooling consumption data (in MWh) and the percentage breakdown of this consumption by energy type for your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Column 2 (Electricity consumption)
• Pathway 2 and 3: Column 2 and 3 (Electricity and Heating and cooling consumption)

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Energy Access and Poverty Pillar
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG7, SDG12

Global Covenant of Mayors

• This question is optional for 2022 and is a preview of a set that will be associated with the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework. In 2023, the finalised suite of questions for the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar will be presented.

The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network

• Cities participating in The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network will be presented with this complete question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

Total annual jurisdiction-wide consumption in MWh (row 1)

• In the first row you are requested to report on the total annual jurisdiction-wide electricity and heating and cooling consumption in MWh.
• If your data is in a unit that is not MWh please convert it to MWh this will enable data comparability, should you require guidance on converting the value to MWh please see the CDP Technical Note: Conversion of fuel data to MWh.

Data source used to provide percentage breakdown of consumption by source (jurisdiction-level preferred) (row 2)

• Select the applicable source of data you will use to report the percentage breakdown of energy (electricity and/or heating and cooling) consumption data by source.
• It is preferred that the percentage breakdown you report represents the breakdown of all energy consumed within the boundary of your jurisdiction, and where this is the case select ‘The percentage breakdown of consumption by source is based on jurisdiction-level data’.
• Where jurisdiction-level data is not available cities can report the breakdown of energy based on regional/state-, national- or utility-level data.
• The option '..regional/state-level..' can also include any other higher levels below national level, including at the county or province level if applicable.
• If multiple sources of data are used, then please select the primary source and in the field ‘Comment’ at the bottom of the table report the various data sources used.
• If your jurisdiction is unable to report the percentage breakdown of energy (electricity and/or heating and cooling) consumed, then select the option ‘The percentage breakdown of consumption by source is not available’. Selecting this option will ensure you are not presented with the ‘Percentage of total consumption from...’ fields as indicated by the * symbol.
• If available, please provide a link to a webpage or report where this data can be accessed in the field ‘Comment’ at the bottom of the table.
• Please complete all relevant ‘Percentage of total consumption from...’ fields where data is available, where data is unavailable the field can be left blank and where no energy is consumed from that source please enter 0 in the field.
• Further support and guidance on clean energy can be found on C40’s Knowledge Hub.
• Further information on the development of renewable energy across jurisdictions, using the most up-to-date information and data available, can be found in REN21’s Renewables in Cities Global Status Report.

(3.1a) Report the total jurisdiction-wide annual electricity and heating and cooling consumption for each sector listed and for your government operations.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

(3.2) For each type of renewable energy within the jurisdiction boundary, report the installed capacity (MW) and annual generation (MWh).

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Energy Access and Poverty Pillar
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG7, SDG12

Global Covenant of Mayors

• This question is optional for 2022 and is a preview of a set that will be associated with the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework. In 2023, the finalised suite of questions for the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar will be presented.

The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network

• Cities participating in The 100% Renewables Cities and Regions Network will be presented with this question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

General

• The goal of this question is to get a better understanding of the installation of renewable energy across key areas, and the contribution of these installations at the jurisdiction-wide scale in absolute figures.
• In the field 'Type' common sources of renewable energy are listed. Please indicate in the field 'MW capacity' the MW capacity of renewable energy installed within the jurisdiction boundary.
• If the energy source is not applicable in your electricity grid, please enter 0. You can report in the field 'Comment' any other additional relevant information about the type of renewable energy that is installed within the jurisdiction boundary.
• Further support and guidance on renewable energy generation can be found on C40’s Knowledge Hub.
• Further information on the development of renewable energy across jurisdictions, using the most up-to-date information and data available, can be found in REN21’s Renewables in Cities Global Status Report.

(3.3) Report the following energy access related information for your jurisdiction.

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Energy Access and Poverty Pillar
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG1, SDG7

Global Covenant of Mayors

• This question is optional for 2022 and is a preview of a set that will be associated with the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework. In 2023, the finalised suite of questions for the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar will be presented.

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

[Add Row]

Requested content

General

• These questions have been designed to align with proposed future reporting requirements of the Energy Access Poverty Pillar of the Common Reporting Framework. The inclusion of regional indicators will be completed in time for the 2023 reporting cycle.
• Energy access and energy poverty are important elements for the sustainable development, resilience, and well-being of cities and local governments.
• Key attributes of energy access and energy poverty are secure, sustainable and affordable energy.
• In this question data is requested on energy access as it pertains to both security and affordability. The requested information addresses four critical indicators for measuring security and affordability namely: access to electricity, electricity availability, access to clean cooking, energy consumption and costs.
• However, should your jurisdiction use other indicators to measure energy access please select the option ‘Other energy access indicator measured’ and specify the indicator in text box that is presented.
• Report on the energy access-related metrics for which you have data, and which are relevant to your jurisdiction. For the energy access-related data you report please indicate the corresponding year in the field ‘Year data applies to’ and any further information in the field ‘Comment’.
• If your jurisdiction does not have energy access related data to report select the option ‘No energy access indicator measured' if this option is selected you will not be presented with the columns 'Indicator value' and ‘Year data applies to’ as indicated by the * symbol.

Indicator and metric used (column 1)

Access to electricity

• Please select the appropriate metric used to measure access to electricity in your jurisdiction. Two predefined options are presented based on either the percentage of population or households with access to electricity. However, should your jurisdiction use an alternative indicator please select ‘Other, please specify’ and specify the indicator in text box that is presented.
• Further information on data and projections corresponding to access to electricity can be found on the International Energy Agency (IEA) website.

Duration of available or unavailable electricity

• Please select the appropriate metric that represents the duration of time for which electricity is either available or unavailable. There are a wide variety of metrics used by national and local governments to measure this which vary significantly by region and context. In the USA the EIA measure and report this as the number of hours electricity is unavailable per year (hours/year) however in locations where electricity is not available as frequently or where there are a higher number of power outages other metrics may be more appropriate. If your jurisdiction uses an alternative indicator please select ‘Other, please specify’ and specify the indicator in text box that is presented.

Access to clean cooking fuels and technologies

• Please select the appropriate metric used to measure access to clean cooking in your jurisdiction. Two predefined options are presented based on either the percentage of population or households with access to clean cooking fuels and technologies. However, should your jurisdiction use an alternative indicator please select ‘Other, please specify’ and specify the indicator in text box that is presented.
• Further information on data and projections corresponding to clean cooking can be found on the International Energy Agency (IEA) website.

(3.4) How many households within the jurisdiction boundary face energy poverty? Select the threshold used for energy poverty in your jurisdiction.

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Energy Access and Poverty Pillar
• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG1, SDG7

ICLEI Ecomobility / Ecologistics

• Cities participating in ICLEI Ecomobility and/or Ecologistics will be presented with this complete question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested content

General

• This question has been designed to align with proposed future reporting requirements of the Energy Access Poverty Pillar of the Common Reporting Framework. The inclusion of regional indicators will be completed in time for the 2023 reporting cycle.
• Energy access and energy poverty are important elements for the sustainable development, resilience, and well-being of cities and local governments.
• A common indicator for measuring energy poverty is the share of households' income spent on energy services and is the primary indicator used in the context of this question.
• If the measure used for energy poverty is not defined by the percentage of income spent on energy services and cannot be converted to this measure then please select ‘Other, please specify’ and report the threshold that is used.
• Definitions of energy poverty vary by jurisdiction; in this question you are requested to report based on the share of households' income spent on energy services. However, if this is not possible you may use the definition that is most applicable in the context of your jurisdiction and to describe this definition in the field ‘Comment’.
• If the term ‘energy poverty’, as used in the context of this question, is not the term used in your jurisdiction, please report to this question in the context of the term that is used. For example, this could include other related terminology including ‘fuel poverty’ and ‘energy precariousness’. If this is applicable to your jurisdiction, please provide the term used in the field ‘Comment’. Examples of definitions of energy poverty are provided below.

Comment (column 4)

• Please report any additional information relating to the values reported in this question, including information on sources or methodologies used to determine the reported values.
• For example, this can include further information on the definition and methodology used by your jurisdiction. This can also include details on the scope, for example if this figure applies only to energy use taking place in homes or also includes transport related energy use and energy use in non-domestic work contexts.

Examples of energy poverty definitions

• Energy poverty is defined “a situation where a household or an individual is unable to afford basic energy services (heating, cooling, lighting, mobility and power) to guarantee a decent standard of living due to a combination of low income, high energy expenditure and low energy efficiency of their homes” (European Commission, Citizens’ Energy Forum 2016)
• Energy poverty is defined by Day et al. (2016) as ‘an inability to realize essential capabilities as a direct or indirect result of insufficient access to affordable, reliable and safe energy services, and taking into account available reasonable alternative means of realizing these capabilities.’
• In England fuel poverty is measured using the Low-Income High Costs (LIHC) indicator. Under the LIHC indicator, a household is considered to be fuel poor if they have required fuel costs that are above average (the national median level) and were they to spend that amount, they would be left with a residual income below the official poverty line.

Global Covenant of Mayors

• This question is optional for 2022 and is a preview of a set that will be associated with the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar of the GCoM Common Reporting Framework. In 2023, the finalised suite of questions for the Energy Access/Poverty Pillar will be presented.

Transport Data

Mode share

(3.5) Report your jurisdiction's passenger and/or freight mode share data.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Rows 1-11 (Passenger mode share)
• Pathway 2 and 3: Rows 1-20 (Passenger and Freight mode share)

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG9, SDG11

ICLEI Ecomobility / Ecologistics

• Cities participating in ICLEI Ecomobility and/or Ecologistics will be presented with this complete question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested content

General

• Modal share can be defined as the share of people using a particular mode of transport (including cycling and walking) within the overall transport usage of an urban area. Modal share can be calculated for passenger and freight (logistics) transport based on different units, such as number of trips, volume, weight, passenger-km or tonne-km (Source: EEA, 2013)
• In the field ‘Mode share data to report’ indicate whether your city the data to report mode share data for passenger and/or freight transport, this will determine what rows are presented as indicated by the * symbol.
  • Passenger mode share fields (rows 2 – 11) are only presented if the option ‘City can report mode share data for passenger transport’ is selected.
  • Freight mode share fields (rows 12 – 19) are only presented if the option ‘City can report mode share for freight transport’ is selected.
  • If no selection is made or only the option ‘City does not have mode share data for either passenger or freight transport’ is selected, then only the field ‘Comment’ is presented.
• Where no trips are made for a particular mode type then please enter 0 in the applicable field.
• The fields ‘Total passenger mode share reported’ and ‘Total freight mode share reported’ are auto-calculated. Please ensure that the value of this field is equal to 100.
• In the field ‘Comment’ you can report the source of mode share data, for example specifying if the reported mode share data is based on city-level, regional-level or national-level data.

Passenger mode share

• The field ‘Micromobility (including e-scooters)’ refers to a range of small, lightweight devices operating at speeds typically below 25 km/h and is ideal for trips up to 10km. It includes scooters, bicycles, skateboards, cargo bikes and rickshaws. For further information see the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy’s resource on ‘Defining Micromobility’. If you included travel by bicycle in in the previous field ('Passenger mode share: Cycling'), then please exclude it from this field.
• The field ‘Buses’ refers to your cities public fleet of buses or publicly procured bus services, private coach travel can be reported under ‘Private motorized transport’
• You can use the field ‘Comment’ to specify the metric used for calculating the mode share value (i.e., percentage of trips, percentage of tonnage, percentage of vkt or tonne-km or any alternative approach used) and the method used to calculate the values reported, for example indicating if this includes all freight trips made within the city, if it applies to all day or peak travel times etc.

Freight mode share

• Classification of Light Goods Vehicles (LGV), Medium Goods Vehicles (MGV) and Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) vary globally based on vehicle size, gross vehicle weight, horsepower, number of axles and a wide range of other local factors.
• This information is generally made publicly available by the relevant authority within the country/region, for example UK guidance.
• Please report based on the classification system applicable to your country/region. If unknown the classification below can be used when reporting:
  • LGV: Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) <3.5 tonnes
  • MGV: Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) 3.5t-12 tonnes
  • HGV: Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) >12 tonnes
  • Rail: Includes train, metro and tram

Emissions and fleet size by mode

(3.6) Report the total emissions, fleet size and number of vehicle types for the following modes of transport.

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG3, SDG9, SDG11

ICLEI Ecomobility / Ecologistics

• Cities participating in ICLEI Ecomobility and/or Ecologistics will be presented with this complete question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Guidance

A private vehicle is a road motor vehicle, other than a moped or a motor cycle, intended for the carriage of passengers and designed to seat no more than nine persons (including the driver).

Municipal fleet can include sedans, special use vehicles like police cars and vans etc.

A freight vehicle is a road vehicle designed, exclusively or primarily, to carry goods. Included are:

• Light goods road vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of not more than 3 500 kg, designed exclusively or primarily, to carry goods, e.g. vans and pick-ups;
• Heavy goods road vehicles with a gross vehicle weight above 3 500 kg, designed, exclusively or primarily, to carry goods;
• Road tractors;
• Agricultural tractors permitted to use roads open to public traffic.

If you don’t have data for these modes of transport, please explain this in the field ‘Comment’.

Waste Data

Waste

(3.7) Report the following waste-related data for your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Row 1
• Pathway 2 and 3: Row 1 - Row 9

Connection to other frameworks

• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG6, SDG11, SDG12

ICLEI Circulars

• Cities participating in the ICLEI Circulars Program will be required to complete all columns in this question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested Content

General

• If you select the option ‘This data is not available to report’ you will not be presented with the column ‘Response (in unit specified in column 1)’ as indicated by the * symbol. Optionally you may provide further context on why this data is not available or the support you may require collecting this data in the column ‘Comment’.
• Jurisdictions participating in the initiative ICLEI Circulars will be presented with the complete question as presented above.

Amount of solid waste generated (tonnes/year) (row 1)

• To establish the amount of waste generation, jurisdictions should consider all municipal solid waste that has been collected through the different mechanisms that the municipality has, which may include door-to-door residential collection, public bins and containers, private collection services, recycling drop-off points, transfer stations, green points, etc. Generally, goods captured through re-use fairs or establishments are not considered part of the amount of waste generation.
• In the column ‘Comment’ you are invited to report information on who is providing the solid waste collection service in your jurisdiction i.e., is it local authority and/or contractor(s).
• If available, attach a waste composition analysis and a sectoral breakdown of solid waste collected (residential, commercial, industrial, construction and demolition waste etc.)

Additional information

• Landfill: A landfill is defined as a discrete area of land or excavation that receives waste. A landfill may also receive other types of non-hazardous wastes, such as commercial solid waste, non-hazardous sludge, conditionally exempt small quantity generator waste, and industrial non-hazardous solid waste (US EPA).
• Incineration: Incineration is a thermal waste treatment technique that can be understood as a controlled combustion process with the primary objective of volume reduction and energy recovery from the waste stream (Waste Treatment Processes for Energy Generation, 2019).
• Source separation: Source separation, also called curb side separation, is done by individual citizens who collect newspapers, bottles, cans, and garbage separately and place them at the curb for collection.
• Food waste: Methods to quantify food waste range from quantification methods such as direct weighing to more complex methods as waste composition analysis where food waste must be separated from other material in order to be measured. Similarly, the data could be gathered in different ways. After data is collected from a sample of food waste producing units, and/or from physical samples, then they need to be scaled up to estimate the total amount of food waste generated. Guidance on the different methods, the sampling, and on approaches for scaling up data are available here:
  • Estimating food waste at the city level
  • Scaling up data
  • Milan Urban Food Policy Pact Monitoring Framework

Public Health Data

Health Systems

(3.8) Report on how climate change impacts health outcomes and health services in your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Columns 1-3
• Pathway 2 and 3: Columns 1-6

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG3, SDG11, SDG13

Response Option

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table. A comment field will accompany this question to allow for any additional relevant information to be reported.

Requested content

General

• This question identifies the impact of climate change on your jurisdiction's health systems and the health outcomes of its residents. This information can be used to guide health-related climate change adaptation and is also used to inform progress in jurisdiction-level climate change adaptation for health in the annual report published by the Lancet Countdown: Tracking Progress on Health and Climate Change.
• There is not yet a systematic way or methodology to collect this data. Therefore, the response can be based on both quantitative statistics as well as qualitative observations. It does not have to be published.
• You are able to add rows for each climate hazard or health issue you are reporting on using the “Add Row” button.
• See the WHO Urban Health Initiative case study on Accra and Kathmandu for more information and examples on how to enable cities to include health in policymaking.
• There are several tools and resources cities can use to calculate the health impact of climate hazards and actions. Some of them are:
  • Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) for walking and cycling by WHO: the HEAT estimates the value of reduced mortality that results from specified amounts of walking or cycling.
  • Cities Rapid Assessment Framework for Transformation (CRAFT) Tool: CRAFT is a tool for assessing the climate change mitigation and health impacts of environmental policies.
  • Carbon Reduction Benefits on Health (CaRBonH): is a calculation tool that allows quantification of the physical and economic consequences for human health achieved through improvements in country-level air quality from domestic carbon reductions.
  • AirQ+: is a tool for health risk assessment of air pollution

Health areas affected by climate change (column 1)

• Health Outcomes: the changes in an individual’s or community’s health, both physical and mental which can be attributed to climate change.
• Health System: e.g., service provision, infrastructure and technologies. The effects of climate change on health systems, defined as: (i) all the activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore and/or maintain health; (ii) the people, institutions and resources, arranged together in accordance with established policies, to improve the health of the population they serve, while responding to people’s legitimate expectations and protecting them against the cost of ill‐health through a variety of activities whose primary intent is to improve health.
• Areas Outside the Health System: the effects of climate change on activities and sectors other than the health system that, directly or indirectly, affect health outcomes (e.g. agriculture, water and sanitation, transport, power generation, built environment).
• If your jurisdiction is not yet able to measure climate change related health impacts, select this option and explain why not in the column 'Comment'.

Identify the health issues driven by the selected climate hazard(s) (column 3)

• Heat-related illnesses: e.g., heat exhaustion, heat stroke, heat cramps.
• Cold-related illnesses: e.g., hypothermia, frostbite.
• Vector-borne infections and illnesses: e.g., malaria, dengue, Lyme disease, tick-born encephalitis.
• Water-borne infections and illnesses: e.g., typhoid fever, E coli, cholera, legionella, diarrhoeal diseases.
• Food-borne infections and illnesses: e.g., typhoid fever, E coli, salmonella, Norovirus, diarrhoeal diseases.
• Exacerbation of non-communicable disease symptoms - respiratory disease: e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory infections.
• Exacerbation of non-communicable disease symptoms – cardiovascular disease: e.g., coronary heart disease, stroke, aortic disease, high blood pressure.
• Exacerbation of non-communicable disease symptoms – other, please specify: e.g., diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cancer.
• Mental health impacts: e.g., depression, anxiety, exacerbation of pre-existing mental health conditions.
• Food & Nutrition Security: e.g., lack of access/decreased availability to food and subsequent malnourishment.
• Disruption to water, sanitation and wastewater services: e.g., lack of access/decreased availability of fresh, potable water.
• Disruption to health service provision: e.g., decreased or lack of access to health services such as health clinics, hospitals, etc.
• Disruption of health-related services: e.g., roads, electricity, communications, emergency/ambulatory response, laboratories, pharmacies.

Timeframe of impact (column 4)

• Indicate the timescale at which the impact is expected to occur based on the following list of values:
  • Short-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the changes to the impact of health issues driven by climate change by 2025.
  • Medium-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the changes to the impact of health issues driven by climate change between 2026 and 2050.
  • Long-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will experience the changes to the impact of health issues driven by climate change after 2051.

Identify which vulnerable populations are affected by the selected health issue(s) (column 5)

• Select the vulnerable population groups that are expected to be most affected by the selected health issue. This information can help the local government in having a better understanding of the vulnerability dimension of risks and in prioritizing their actions.
• Vulnerable groups are local-context-bound and could include the options listed, though this list is not exhaustive, should you wish to report a population group not listed select ‘Other, please specify’ and enter the name of the population group.
• There are different methodologies for assessing vulnerabilities at the level of local governments and they differ in terms of technical capacities and resources required, this can include Indicator-Based Vulnerability Assessments.
• Marginalized/minority communities may include refugees, asylum seekers, migrants and national minorities.
• Low-income households may include unemployed persons and persons living in sub-standard housing.

Comment (column 7)

• You can use the field ‘Comment’ to provide information on the approach and/or methodology used to determine the health impact of climate change in the jurisdiction.
• Report any further information to explain the impact of climate change on health outcomes and the health system in your jurisdiction. For example, health or climate hazard concerns or further details on the impact of climate change on health in your jurisdiction that is not covered.

COVID-19

(3.9) Provide information on the current impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on climate action in the jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG3

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

General

• COVID-19 is having an unprecedented impact on cities – from the need to rethink the public realm, to altering the delivery of municipal services (KPMG, 2020). The impact of the present global crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic is still evolving and is multi-dimensional, combining health, economic and social crisis (WEF, 2020), this has had a profound impact on climate action in cities.
• Local and regional governments are on the frontline of responses to the COVID-19 crisis. They play a key role to implement nation-wide measures, but also provide laboratories for bottom-up and innovative recovery strategies. In some cities COVID-19 has accelerated the shift towards a new urban paradigm towards inclusive, green and smart cities (OECD, 2020).
• The OECD has researched how green the COVID-19 recovery actually is. The OECD Green Recovery Database focuses on measures related to COVID-19 economic recovery efforts with clear positive, negative or “mixed” environmental impacts across one or several environmental dimensions.
• This question asks for the current impact of COVID-19 on the implementation of climate action and economic response. If you would like to provide information on the transitional (March 2020 till now) impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, please do so in the field ‘Comment’.
• Note that the list of recovery interventions and climate action synergies is not exhaustive and additional interventions can be reported here using ‘Other, please specify’.
• You may use the field ‘Comment’ to add any additional context to your response.

Air Quality

(3.10) Report the following air pollution data for the jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG3, SDG11

ICLEI Ecomobility / Ecologistics

• Cities participating in ICLEI Ecomobility and/or Ecologistics will be presented with this complete question.

Response Options

Please complete the following table.

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

[Add Row]

Requested Content

General

• Outdoor air pollution is a major environmental health problem affecting everyone in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in both cities and rural areas was estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths worldwide per year in 2016; this mortality is due to exposure to fine particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM2.5), which cause cardiovascular and respiratory disease, and cancers (WHO, 2021).

Air pollution metric (column 1)

• Number of days exceeding air quality guidelines/standards (times/year): methodologies cities can use to measure days exceeding air quality guidelines/standards include:
  • WHO Air Quality Guidelines 2021: The updated guidelines state that annual average concentrations of PM2.5 should not exceed 5 µg/m3, while 24-hour average exposures should not exceed 15 µg/m3 more than 3 - 4 days per year. For Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) annual average concentrations should not exceed 10 5 µg/m3 and 25 µg/m3 24-hour mean (C40 Knowledge Hub).
  • Air Quality Index (AQI) Standard. The AQI runs from 0 to 500. The higher the AQI value, the greater the level of air pollution and the greater the health concern. For example, an AQI value of 50 or below represents good air quality, while an AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality. Click here for more information on how to use the AQI.
  • If data is not available, select ‘No air pollution data to report’ and specify why and what support is required to measure in the comment field.
  • In case air pollution metric data is collected on the regional/state/federal level, provide the value available to you and explain in the comment field where this is collected from.

Value (column 2)

• This column is not presented when the option 'No air pollution data to report' is selected, as indicated by the * symbol.
• PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations: report the value in micrograms per cubic meter of air (ug/m3)
• Number of days exceeding air quality guidelines/standards (times/year): report the number of days per year that exceeds the guidelines or standards used in the jurisdiction to calculate air pollution.
• If the jurisdiction has multiple air quality monitoring stations, the value should be the average across all stations.
• Weblink to air pollution data from monitoring site(s) (column 3)
• If available, please provide a link to a website or publicly available report where monitoring locations and monitor-specific information can be found. This can include low-cost sensors and reference grade monitors either deployed by the jurisdiction or external stakeholders (universities, national/federal agencies, non-profits, etc.) For example: London Air.

Comment (column 4)

• You can use the field ‘Comment’ to specify the guidelines/standard used to calculate number of days exceeding air quality guidelines/standards and to report the year applicable to the data reported.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

(3.11) Provide details of the household access to water, sanitation services and water consumption in your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG6

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested Content

General

• This question requests data on the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. Access to water and sanitation is a human right, and according to the World Health Organization (WHO), between 50 and 100 litres of water per person per day are needed to ensure that most basic needs are met (UN).Whereby some jurisdictions will need to focus on increasing household access to water, others will need to focus on reducing water consumption to conserve this resource.

Data availability (column 1)

• Please indicate the data which your jurisdiction has to report as it pertains to the percentage of households with access to safely managed drinking water services, the percentage of households with access to safely managed sanitation services and/or water consumption per capita per day. Your selection will determine which of the subsequent columns are presented as indicated by the * symbol.

Percentage of households with access to safely managed drinking water services (column 2)

• This figure is the percentage of households within the jurisdiction who have clean drinkable water available, either directly within their home, or accessible within a short distance, no further than 200 meters from the home.
• WHO/UNICEF defines a safely managed drinking water as an improved water source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include: piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.

Percentage of households with access to safely managed sanitation services (column 3)

• This figure is the percentage of households within the jurisdiction that have access to safely managed sanitation facilities, and at least basic handwashing facilities.
• “A safely managed sanitation facility is one where excreta is safely disposed of in situ or treated off-site. A basic handwashing facility is defined as a device to contain, transport or regulate the flow of water to facilitate handwashing with soap and water in the household” (SDG Tracker).

Household water consumption (litres/capita/day) (column 4)

• Report the water consumption per capita of people whose homes have a water connection to the jurisdiction’s network.
• Water consumption in this question refers to drinking, cooking, washing, sanitation and other domestic uses.
• This data can usually be obtained from the utility agency supplying your jurisdiction’s network.

Comment (column 5)

• Report whether (and to what extent) your jurisdiction addresses gender inequalities in water, sanitation and hygiene.
• If known, provide water consumption forecasts and the number of years the estimate is for.

Food data

(3.12) What percentage of your population is food insecure and/or lives in a food desert?

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG2

Response Option

Please complete the following table:

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

Requested content

Data availability (column 1)

• Indicate whether your jurisdiction has data to report for the percentage of population that is food insecure and/or the percentage of population lives in a food desert.
• Your selection will determine the presentation of columns 2 and 3 as indicated by the * symbol.

Percentage of population that is food insecure (column 2)

• Report the percentage of jurisdiction population that is food insecure as defined by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicators for monitoring Target 2.1 “End Hunger”: a) the prevalence of undernourishment; and/or b) the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FAO).
• While some jurisidctions may have their own definition of local food insecurity and are encouraged to share their definition, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale indicator provides internationally comparable estimates of the proportion of the population facing moderate or severe difficulties in accessing food. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale produces a measure of the severity of food insecurity experienced by individuals or households, based on direct interviews. More information on this indicator can be found at FAO-WFP et al The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019 or at MUFPP indicator 18.

Percentage of population that lives in a food desert (column 3)

• Report the percentage of jurisdiction population living in a food desert
• Food deserts are geographic areas where residents’ access to food is restricted or non-existent due to the absence or low density of “food entry points” within a practical travelling distance (FAO, 2017).
• The USDA defines food deserts as a geographic area where at least 500 people or 33% of the population located more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket or large grocery store (USDA, 2012).

Comment (column 4)

• You can use the comment field to provide information on the definition and methodology used to calculate food insecurity and food deserts.

Procurement

(3.13) Report the total quantity of food that is procured (in tonnes) for government-owned and/or operated facilities (including municipal facilities, schools, hospitals, youth centers, shelters, public canteens, prisons etc.). If available, please provide a breakdown per food group.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG2, SDG12

Response Option

Please complete the following table.

Requested Content

General 

• Food public procurement relates to both the purchasing of (raw) food and the contracting out of catering services fully or in parts by public authorities. It applies to different settings and venues such as hospitals, care homes, armed forces, prisons, canteens in governmental buildings, and education settings including universities and public schools. This will differ in each jurisdiction based upon their individual situation.  
• For more information on collecting this information from suppliers, see WRI’s ‘Cool Food Pledge’. The Cool Food Pledge (www.coolfoodpledge.org) is a global initiative that helps food providers advance one important consumption-focused solution: selling delicious dishes with smaller climate footprints. The Cool Food Pledge helps signatories commit to a science-based pledge for food-related GHG emissions reduction, track the climate impact of the food they serve, develop plans to shift their offerings in a consumer-friendly way, and promote their achievements as leaders in a growing movement. Signatories come from various sectors, including companies, restaurants, jurisdiction governments, universities, schools, and hospitals. (WRI Cool Food Pledge technical note) 

Total quantity of food procured (column 1) 

• Report the total quantity of food procured in tonnes per year by municipal public bodies or by catering services fully or in part contracted out by your jurisdiction.  
• Items to be considered might include the meals served by the jurisdiction and in public facilities, meals served/food provided through assistance programmes, meals sold in public facilities (e.g. vending machines). 
• A ‘0’ (zero) should only be used for reporting zero volumes and not for an absence of data.  

Breakdown of procured food by food group (column 2) 

• The breakdown by food group can differ depending on the methodology used to measure the total quantity of food.  
• WRI Cool Food Pledge developed a calculator which includes default land-use and emission factors by region, and helps pledge signatories enter and estimate five important metrics: 1) Food purchases by food type (boneless equivalent, in kilograms or pounds), 2) Food-related GHG emissions from agricultural supply chains, in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 e), 3) Food-related land use (in hectares), 4) Food-related carbon opportunity costs (tonnes of CO2 e), and 5) Normalized metrics (several possible units of measure). 

• Beef 
• Buffalo 
• Other ruminant meat (goat, lamb, sheep) 
• Pork 
• Poultry  
• Fish and seafood: fish (finfish), crustaceans (e.g. shrimp, prawns), mollusks (e.g. clams, oysters) 
• Liquid dairy: milk, yoghurt 
• Solid dairy: cheese, butter, ice cream 
• Eggs 
• Legumes and pulses: beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas, peanuts and peanut butter, soybeans and tofu 
• Nuts and seeds 
• Grains: rice, wheat (flour), corn (maize) (flour), bread and baked goods, pasta and noodles, other grains and flours 
• Plant-based milk substitutes: almond milk, oat milk, rice milk, soy milk 
• Fruits 
• Vegetables (non-roots/tubers) 
• Roots and tubers 
• Sugars and sweeteners 
• Vegetable oils 

Year data applies to (column 3) 

• Report the information for the most recent year which data is available. 

Comment (column 4) 

• If you do not have food procurement data available to report, you can use the ‘comment’ field to explain why. 

Water Data

(3.14) Report the sources of your jurisdiction’s water supply, volumes withdrawn per source, and the projected change.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG6

Response options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

[Add Row]

Requested content

Source of jurisdiction’s water supply (column 1)

• Select the sources of water supply for your jurisdiction.
• The water supply sources selected should include water drawn from all sources within and outside the jurisdiction boundary for any use over the course of the past reporting year.
• You are able to add rows for each source by using the “Add Row” button.
• If your jurisdiction does not have this data to report, select Do not have information on water sources”.

Are you able to report volumetric data for this source? (column 2)

• This column is presented if any water supply source is selected in response to Column 1 (dependency indicated by the * symbol).
• For each water source reported, select whether you are able to provide the annual volume of water withdrawn.

Annual volume of water withdrawn per source (in megalitres) (column 3)

• This column is presented if “Yes” is selected in response to Column 2 (dependency indicated by the * symbol).
• Report the volume of total water drawn from each of the known sources. This may be an estimate.
• Report volume in megalitres per year (1 megalitre = 1 million litres or 1000m3).

Projected level of change over the next 5-10 years (column 4)

• This column is presented if “Yes” is selected in response to Column 2 (dependency indicated by the * symbol).
• Use the drop-down options to indicate whether you expect water withdrawals to increase, decrease or stay the same from each source in the near future.
• You may use the comment field to provide any further context for your selection.

Comment (column 5)

• If you have identified a projected level of change in water withdrawal, provide details on the reason(s) why, e.g., population change, industry, recognition of risks associated with the source.

Explanation of terms

• Fresh surface water, including rainwater, water from wetlands, rivers and lakes: Water that is naturally occurring water on the Earth’s surface in ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, icebergs, bogs, ponds, lakes, rivers and streams, and has a low concentration of dissolved solids. Surface water includes collected or harvested rainwater (GRI Standards 2018).
• Ground water (non-renewable): Water which is being held in, and can be recovered from, an underground formation. Non-renewable groundwater has a negligible rate of natural recharge on the human time-scale (more than 50 years), and is generally located at deeper depths than renewable groundwater. This is sometimes referred to as “fossil” water.
• Ground water (renewable): Water which is being held in, and can be recovered from, an underground formation. Renewable groundwater sources can be replenished within 50 years and are usually located at shallow depths.
• Desalinated seawater: Sea water has a typical concentration of salts above 35,000mg/l total dissolved solids. Desalination is the process by which the salt content of water is reduced sufficiently to make the water fir for specified uses (International Glossary of Hydrology, UNESCO).

Module: Targets

4. Adaptation Goals

(4.1) Does your jurisdiction have an adaptation goal(s) in place? If no adaptation goal is in place, please indicate the primary reason why.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillar^
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure C)
• Race to Resilience
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Select one of the following options:

• Yes, our jurisdiction has an adaptation goal(s)
• No, but we are planning to introduce a goal in the next two years
• No, and not intending to set a goal
• No, due to a lack of resources
• No, as our goal is already achieved
• No, due to a reason not listed above

Requested Content

General

• Indicate if your jurisdiction has an active adaptation goal(s) in place by selecting the option ‘Yes, our jurisdiction has an active adaptation goal(s)’. You will then be presented with the next question where you will be requested to report further information in relation to the goal(s).
• If you do not have an active adaptation goal in place, please indicate the primary reason why. You can also add a comment to provide further context by clicking on the speech bubble icon adjacent to the question text in the reporting system.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 6.1 “Climate action plans” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that adaptation plans shall include the description of the adaptation goals planed.

Avoiding common mistakes

To be compliant with the GCoM "Adaptation-Goal badge" cities must choose "Yes, jurisdiction has an active adaptation goal(s) " and answer all mandatory questions in question 4.1.

Relevant tools and other guidance materials

(4.1a) Report your jurisdiction’s main adaptation goals.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes, our jurisdiction has an adaptation goal(s)’ is selected in response to 4.1.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillar^
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure C)
• Race to Resilience
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

Requested Content

Select a reference ID for the goal (column 1)

• Select an option from the list of goal reference ID’s. If reporting more than one goal, please ensure you select a unique goal ID for each goal.

Adaptation goal (column 2)

• Outline your jurisdiction's main goals for climate adaptation. If possible, these goals should be time bounded, and able to be monitored and evaluated based on specific metrics or key performance indicators (KPIs).

Climate hazards that goal addresses (column 3)

• Select the applicable climate hazards that are addressed by the adaptation goal, this can include hazards that are both directly and indirectly addressed by the goal.

Base year of goal (or year goal was adopted if no base year) (column 4)

• Report the base year of the goal, this is the reference year from which progress of the goal is being measured. If a base year is not applicable to the adaptation goal, then report the year in which the adaptation goal was adopted.

Target year of goal (column 5)

• Please enter in numerical form the year by which you anticipate achieving your adaptation goal. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.

Description of metric / indicator used to track goal (column 6)

• Report details on the primary metric or indicator that is being used to monitor and evaluate progress towards the adaptation goal.
• Report information on the process(es) in place to support monitoring and evaluation of the goal.
• The Urban Adaptation Support Tool and Urban Adaptation Assessment Indicator List are useful references for indicators to monitor adaptation goals.

Comment (column 7)

• You may use the field ‘Comment’ to add any additional context to your response.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 6.1 “Climate action plans” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that for adaptation goals, local governments shall report:

• The goal descriptions (shall be aligned with the risks identified in the risk and vulnerability assessment
• Delivery date
• Baseline year.

Local government should also report:

• The metric (or key performance index) for tracking the progress and monitoring plans.

GCoM Required columns and common mistakes

All mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately to be compliant with the GCoM "Adaptation-Goal badge".

5. Mitigation Targets

Emissions targets

(5.1) Does your jurisdiction have an active greenhouse gas emission reduction target(s) in place? If no active GHG emissions reduction target is in place, please indicate the primary reason why.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar^
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure C)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Select from:

• Yes, our jurisdiction has an active greenhouse gas emissions reduction target(s)
• No, but we are planning to introduce a target in the next two years
• No, as our emissions are not fully calculated
• No, and not intending to set a target
• No, due to a lack of resources
• No, as our target is already achieved
• No, due to a reason not listed above

Requested Content

General

• An emissions reduction target is a commitment to reduce, or limit the increase of, GHG emissions or emissions intensity by a specified quantity, to be achieved by a future date.
• For further information on emissions reduction targets please refer to the Mitigation Goal Standard, developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI).
• If your jurisdiction does not have an emissions reduction target, please select the primary reason why not from the options presented.
• Science-based climate targets will be part of CDP scoring criteria in 2022 and are a key element of the Cities Race to Zero commitment. To ensure that your jurisdiction’s target can be checked for alignment with 1.5°C, you should provide data for the questions and columns outlined here. Reporting this information will help CDP and its partners to support your jurisdiction to: update targets where needed, take emissions reduction action in line with your target and track progress over time.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 4 “Target Setting” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that local governments shall submit their greenhouse gas emissions reduction target(s) to GCoM within two years upon joining GCoM.

GCoM Required columns and common mistakes

To be compliant with the GCoM "Mitigation-Target badge" cities must answer "Yes, our jurisdiction has an active greenhouse gas emissions reduction target(s)" in this question and complete all mandatory columns in question 5.1a.

Relevant tools and other guidance materials

(5.1a) Provide details of your emissions reduction target(s).

A selection must be made for both fields in Column 17 (Specify if target is considered a science-based target (SBT) and the SBT methodology it aligns to). Please note your data won't be saved if one field is left blank.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes, our jurisdiction has an active greenhouse gas emissions reduction target(s)’ is selected in response to 5.1.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar^
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure C)
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

[Add Row]

Requested content

Select a reference ID for the target (column 1)

• Select an option from the list of target reference ID’s. If reporting more than one target, please ensure you select a unique target ID for each target. This target reference ID will be presented alongside this target in future years when reporting to better support year-on-year tracking of targets.

Target type (column 2)

• Select the specific target type that is being reported i.e., base year (absolute), fixed level, base year intensity or baseline scenario target.
• The selected target type will determine the subsequent fields that are presented. The columns indicated by the * symbol will either be presented or not based on the target type, this is explained for each applicable column in the guidance below.
• Base year emissions (absolute) target: A base year emissions (absolute) target is a commitment to reduce or controls the increase of emissions by a specified quantity relative to a base year. For example, a 25% reduction of absolute emissions from 1990 levels by 2020.
• Fixed level target: Fixed level goals represent a reduction in emissions to an absolute emissions level by a target year. For example, “to achieve 200Mt CO2e by 2020”. Carbon neutrality goals are the most common type of fixed level goal, for example: “to reach net zero emissions by 2050”.
• Base year intensity target: A base year intensity target is a commitment to reduce a jurisdiction's emissions intensity (emissions per unit of another variable, typically GDP) by a specified quantity relative to a base year. For example, a 40% reduction of emissions per GDP from 1990 levels by 2020.
• Baseline scenario (business as usual) target: A baseline scenario (business as usual) target is a commitment to reduce emissions by a specified quantity relative to a projected emissions baseline scenario, also referred to as a business-as-usual scenario. A baseline scenario is a reference case that represents future events or conditions most likely to occur in the absence of activities taken to meet the mitigation goal.

Boundary of target relative to jurisdiction boundary (column 3)

• Indicate the boundary of your emissions reduction target relative to your jurisdiction’s boundary (as reported in 0.1).
• Select the option ‘Same - covers entire jurisdiction and nothing else’ to report an emissions reduction target that covers all of jurisdiction.
• If a boundary option other than ‘Same - covers entire jurisdiction and nothing else’ is selected a text box will be presented. Please provide a brief justification of additions/exclusions in comparison with your jurisdiction’s boundary.

Emissions sources covered by target (column 4)

• Please select the most appropriate option that represents the emissions sources covered by your emissions reduction target relative to your jurisdiction's emission inventory.
• If none of the listed options reflect the emissions sources covered by target then select ‘Other, please specify’ while if you do not have an emissions inventory then select ‘Our jurisdiction has not yet developed an emissions inventory’.
• ‘BASIC’ emissions include scope 1 and scope 2 emissions from stationary energy and transportation, as well as scope 1 and scope 3 emissions from waste.

Are carbon credits currently used or planned to be used to achieve this target? (column 5) / Percentage of target to be met using carbon credits generated from outside jurisdiction or target boundary (column 6)

• Targets may be achieved using any combination of emission reductions from within the target boundary (domestic reductions) and transferable emissions units/carbon credits generated outside of the jurisdiction or target boundary.
• Indicate if carbon credits currently used or planned to be used to achieve this target.
• If you select the option ‘Yes, this target will be achieved using carbon credits and the number of credits required has been quantified’ you will be requested to report the percentage of target to be met using carbon credits generated from outside jurisdiction or target boundary in column 6. In addition, you will be requested to provide further information on the use/planned use of the carbon credits in the subsequent question.
• For further information on the use of carbon credits units refer to Section 4.5 of the Mitigation Goal Standard, developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI).

Year target was established (column 7)

• Select the year in which your target came into effect or was approved by the local government. This is not your targets base year which is used as the reference year from which to measure or compare emissions.

Covered emissions in year target was established (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 8)

• Report the emissions from the sources selected in the column ‘Emissions sources covered by target’ in the year the target was established. This is not your targets base year emissions which is used as the reference value from which to measure or compare emissions.

Base year (column 9)

• This column is only presented if you have selected ‘Base year emissions (absolute) target’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per capita’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per unit GDP’ or ‘Baseline scenario target’ in response to column 2.
• Report the target’s base year (also known as the “representative year”) This is the reference year from which the emissions reductions are measured.
• If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your inventory, please provide the base year for that sector.
• If reporting interim targets or more than one target, it is highly recommended to keep the same base year for all targets if possible.

Covered emissions in base year (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 10)

• This column is only presented if you have selected ‘Base year emissions (absolute) target’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per capita’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per unit GDP’ or ‘Baseline scenario target’ in response to column 2.
• Report the target’s base year absolute emissions in metric tonnes CO2e. Base year emissions are the greenhouse gas emissions from your base year on which your target is based.
• Please ensure the base year emissions corresponds to the total emissions value of the base year emissions inventory if all emissions sources included in jurisdiction inventory are covered by the target.
• If you are reporting a target for a specific sector of your emissions inventory, or for a different emissions boundary, please provide the base year emissions for that sector or boundary.
• If available, you can attach your emissions inventory for the base year to this column.

Emissions intensity figure in base year (metric tons CO2e per capita or GDP) (column 11)

• This column is only presented if you have selected ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per capita’ or ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per unit GDP’ in response to column 2.
• Report the target’s base year emissions intensity figure. Dependent on the target type this will be the emissions in metric tons CO2e per capita or emissions in metric tons CO2e per unit GDP (i.e., emissions per $1/£1 etc. of GDP).
• Please ensure the base year emissions corresponds to the total emissions value of the base year emissions inventory if all emissions sources included in jurisdiction inventory are covered by the target.

Target year (Column 12)

• Report the year by which the target should be achieved. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.

Estimated business as usual emissions in target year (metric tonnes CO2e) (Column 13)

• This column is only presented if you have selected ‘Baseline scenario target’ in response to column 2.
• This refers to the emissions in the target year under a reference case that represents the future events or conditions most likely to occur in the absence of activities taken to meet the mitigation goal.
• Sometimes referred to as business-as-usual scenarios, baseline scenarios are plausible descriptions of a possible future state of the world given pre-established assumptions and methodological choices.
• For further information on estimating baseline scenario emissions refer to Section 5.2 of the Mitigation Goal Standard, developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI).

Percentage of emissions reduction (including offsets and carbon dioxide removal) (column 14)

• This column is only presented if you have selected ‘Base year emissions (absolute) target’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per capita’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per unit GDP’ or ‘Baseline scenario target’ in response to column 2.
• Please enter the numerical value for the percentage of reduction (depending on the target in place) without commas and without the percentage symbol (%).
• Include in this percentage any offsets and carbon dioxide removals that are currently in use or planned to be in use in the target year.
• If your target is not currently expressed as a percentage, please convert it into this format (for example an absolute emissions reduction in metric tonnes CO2e can be converted into a percentage reduction relative to the base year).
• If this is not possible, please note your target reduction and other relevant detail in the ‘Please explain’ field for this question.

Net emissions in target year (including offsets and carbon dioxide removal) (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 15)

• Please note that if you have selected ‘Base year emissions (absolute) target’ this will be an auto-populated field and the value will be calculated based on your base year emissions and percentage of emissions reduction. You must enter a value in the fields ‘Covered emissions in base year (metric tonnes CO2e)’ and ‘Percentage of emissions reduction (including offsets and carbon dioxide removal)’ in order for the calculation to be complete.

Specify if target is considered a science-based target (SBT) and the SBT methodology it aligns to (column 17)

• Select first whether or not the target is considered to be a science-based target (SBT), if so please select the SBT methodology it aligns to and if not please indicate your intention to set one in the future.
• A science-based target is a jurisdiction-wide emissions reduction target that is aligned with limiting global warming to 1.5°C.
• It includes both a long-term target to reduce emissions to net zero by 2050 and a 1.5°C-aligned mid-term target that represents a jurisdiction’s share of halving global emissions by 2030.
• A science-based target is:
  • aligned with the latest climate science,
  • equitable - taking into account different historical contributions to atmospheric emissions levels and socio-economic development, and
  • complete - covering jurisdiction-wide emissions from a variety of sources (at least scope 1 and 2 emissions) and multiple GHGs.
• For more information on how to set a science-based target, please refer to the Science-Based Target Network’s Guide for Cities.

Covered emissions in most recent inventory (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 18)

• If your jurisdiction has an inventory in place, please report the latest emissions for the emissions sources covered by the target (i.e., this figure represents the most recent data available for the emissions addressed by this target).
• If you are reporting a ‘Base year emissions (absolute) target’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per capita’, ‘Base year intensity target based on emissions per unit GDP’ or ‘Baseline scenario target’ and the base year is the same year as the year of your most recent inventory then the value input here will be the same as the value input in the column ‘Base year’.

Is this target the jurisdictions most ambitious target? (column 19)

• Please select if this target is considered to be your jurisdiction’s most ambitious target, this will support data analysis of the reported emissions reduction targets, in particular when more than one target has been reported.
• Ambition should refer to the total quantity of emissions reduced, for example if your jurisdiction has three emissions reduction targets such as 50% reduction by 2030, 75% reduction by 2040 and 100% reduction by 2050 then you would only select ‘Yes’ for the 100% reduction by 2050 target, for the other interim targets the appropriate selection is ‘No, but it is an interim target for the most ambitious target’.

Alignment with Nationally Determined Contribution (column 20)

• Report how your target’s ambition level compares with your applicable Nationally Determined Contribution. The Climate Action Tracker’s Climate Target Update Tracker provides an overview of many NDC’s which may be useful when comparing the alignment of your jurisdictions target with your applicable Nationally Determined Contribution.

Select the conditional components of your emissions reduction target (column 21)

• Indicate if your target is conditional on the success of an externality or component of policy outside of direct control of your jurisdiction’s administration. For example, if your target requires further legislation, regulation, policy, financial support from a higher level of government please indicate this here. If your target is conditional on a factor not listed select ‘Other, please specify’ and report the factor in the text box that is presented.

Please explain (Column 22)

• Please provide any further relevant information relating to your target, this can include information on how the population projection value was estimated, whether your target includes emissions from international aviation and shipping and links to press releases, policy documents with further information on the target.
• Note for reporting baseline scenario targets: Please outline in this field what emissions projection modelling method was used and attach documentation of the methodology, data inputs and assumptions used. For further information on estimating baseline scenario emissions please refer to Chapter 5 ‘Estimating Base Year or Baseline Scenario Emissions’ of the WRI Mitigation Goal Standard.
• Note for reporting emissions intensity targets: Please provide an explanation for how you projected the growth in the activity unit and if it is on a linear basis, compounded basis or year-on-year basis.
• You may provide a hyperlink or attachment in this field to any additional information relevant to your target which could include a press release, policy document etc.

Example Response

For explanatory purposes, a sample answer to this question is included below, the targets below are aligned with the reporting requirements for Science Based Targets.

Target 2

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 4 “Target Setting” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that Local governments shall use one of the following four target types:

• Base year emissions target
• Base year intensity target
• Fixed level target
• Baseline scenario target: For a baseline scenario target, the modelling methodologies, and parameters shall be transparently described

For all target types, the CRF defines the following requirements:

• Boundary: Shall be consistent with all emissions sources included in the GHG emissions inventory
• Target year: Shall be the same as, or later than, the target year adopted in the Nationally Determined Contribution or as set by Regional/National Covenants. Cities that set a target year beyond 2030 shall also include an interim target between now and 2030.
• Base year (only for base year emissions target and base year intensity target): The base year should be the same as the base year used in the NDC or as set by Regional/National Covenants. Where the base year is different from the NDC (e.g. where a city has previously adopted another base year or due to a lack of data availability), this shall be explained.
• Ambition: At a minimum, the target shall be as ambitious as the unconditional components of the NDC. Local governments should set targets that are more ambitious than the NDC. When a national government increases their NDC, local governments shall have a maximum of five years to ensure their target remains as ambitious as the unconditional components of the NDC.
• Units: Targets shall be reported as a percentage (%) reduction from the base year or scenario year (for base year emissions, base year intensity and baseline scenario targets). The absolute emissions in the target year(s) in metric tonnes CO2e shall also be reported for all target types.
• Use of transferable emissions: The use of transferable emissions units is only permissible when a local government’s target ambition exceeds the unconditional components of the NDC. Where this is the case, the local government shall report the target, with and without the transferable emissions units, as well as identify the source of the transferable emissions units.
• Conditionality: The use of conditional components is only permissible when a local government’s target ambition exceeds the unconditional components of the NDC. Any conditional components included in the target shall be identified and, where possible, the conditional components should also be quantified.

If the NDC target is before 2030, cities should additionally set a target for 2030.

Avoiding common mistakes

At least one complete target (all mandatory columns highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately to be compliant with the "Mitigation-Inventory badge".

Different target types have different reporting requirements. You will only view target specific columns once a target is selected.

(5.1b) Provide details on the current or planned use of carbon credits sold to or purchased from outside the jurisdiction or target boundary.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes, this target will be achieved using carbon credits and the number of credits required has been quantified’ is selected in response to 5.1a Column ‘Are carbon credits currently used or planned to be used to achieve this target?'.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillar^
• Race to Zero

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

[Add Row]

Requested Content

General

• A carbon credit represents a metric ton of carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e) that is avoided or sequestered outside the GHG accounting boundary (or geographic boundary as a proxy for GHG accounting boundary) and can be used to compensate for a metric ton of residual GHG emissions occurring within the accounting boundary (Defining carbon neutrality for cities & managing residual emissions, C40).

Type of carbon credits (column 1)

• The primary intent of this question is to request data as it pertains to the purchase of credits from outside of the boundary, to report this information please select the option ‘Offset credit transactions purchased from outside of the boundary’.
• Additionally, and where relevant jurisdictions can report if they are involved in the generation and sale of carbon credits by selecting the option ‘Offset credit transactions generated within the boundary and sold’.
• If you do select the option ‘Offset credit transactions generated within the boundary and sold’ please report the mechanism by which they are sold and where the offsets are used in the column ‘Comment’.

Identify target (column 2)

• This column will be pre-populated with the Target ID’s selected in the previous question.
• Select the target ID, as reported in 5.1a, to indicate which target the carbon credits being reported are supporting.

Emissions purchased/sold (metric tonnes CO2e) (column 3)

• Report the quantity of emissions the carbon credits represent in metric tonnes CO2e. This will assist with ensuring transparency and enabling accurate reporting of progress made towards the mitigation targets reported in 5.1a.
• Chapter 4 (Section 4.5) of the WRI’s Mitigation Goal Standard provides guidance on ensuring the environmental integrity of units, and Chapter 9 provides equations for accounting for units.

Verified to which standard (column 4)

• Carbon credit projects should be verified and/or validated under standards by reputable, certified third party auditors. Select from the list the applicable standard used or where the standard used is not listed, please select ‘Other, please specify’ and report the standard in the text box that is presented.

Outline the crediting period and country(ies) where offsetting efforts are or will be taking place (column 5)

• Report both the crediting period and country(ies) where offsetting efforts are or will be taking place. The crediting period is the quantity of time during which a carbon credit project generates verifiable and/or certifiable carbon credits. After the end of the crediting period, the project can be re-evaluated against current standards for renewal, otherwise the project will cease to produce carbon credits.

Comment (column 6)

• Additional information may include stating if the use of carbon credits are planned or decided upon. Further information could include how your government has or will consider all direct and indirect social and environmental impacts of the carbon credit project. It could also include how any harmful impacts from projects will be avoided or mitigated and how potential educational, economic development, and resiliency benefits will be maximised.

6. Sector Targets

Energy and other climate-related targets

(6.1) Provide details of your jurisdiction's energy-related targets active in the reporting year. In addition, you can report other climate-related targets active in the reporting year.

A selection must be made for both fields in Column 1. Please note your data won't be saved if one field is left blank.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Energy Access and Poverty Pillar
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure C)
• Race to Resilience
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

(*column/row appearance is dependent on selections in this question)

[Add Row]

Requested content

Target type (column1)

• Please select the target type you are reporting. Jurisdictions are encouraged to initially report energy-related target that advance the generation and/or consumption of renewable energy. the IRENA Renewable Energy Target Setting report, which defines renewable energy targets as: “Numerical goals established by governments or other actors (such as electric utilities) to achieve a specific amount of renewable energy production or consumption. Renewable energy targets can apply to the electricity, heating/cooling or transport sectors, or to the energy sector, and include a specific time period or date by which the target is to be reached.”
• For more information on setting renewable energy targets see the Renewables in Cities 2019 Global Status Report (page 51) and to see the latest overview of renewable energy targets at the city-level see the Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report (page 44).
• The full list of target types is listed in Appendix D (Sector targets). You will be first requested to report what area the target relates to, for example Renewable energy generation target, Transport target, Air quality target. Based on this selection you are then presented with more specific target types related to the selected area. If the target types presented are not relevant to the area, then please select the option ‘Other…target type’ and enter the specific target type in the text box that is presented.

Target description (column 2)

• Provide a description of the target. This can include further information on the scope of the target for example specifying whether the target covers all sectors or only a specific sub-sector, or whether the target is technology-specific (e.g., focussed on solar PV) versus technology-neutral (e.g., covers all renewable energy technologies).
• You may wish to provide information on whether the target is binding or aspirational and if any penalties apply in the event that the target is not met.

Boundary of target relative to jurisdiction boundary (column 3)

• Indicate the boundary of your target relative to your jurisdiction’s boundary (as reported in 0.1).
• Select the option ‘Same - covers entire jurisdiction and nothing else’ to report a target that is intended to or does apply to the entire jurisdiction. For example, if your jurisdiction has a target to power your jurisdiction with 100% renewable energy then this is the appropriate response.
• If a boundary option other than ‘Same (city-wide) - covers entire city and nothing else’ is selected a text box will be presented. Please provide a brief justification of boundary additions/exclusions. For example, the target may only apply to certain sectors or locations within your jurisdiction and in this instance the option ‘Smaller - covers only part of the jurisdiction, please explain exclusions’ may be the appropriate selection.

Year target was established (column 4)

• Select the year in which your target came into effect or was approved by the local government. This is not your targets base year which is used as the reference year from which to measure progress.

Base year (column 5)

• Report the target’s base year (also known as the “representative year”) This is the reference year from which the targets progress can be measured.

Metric used to measure target (columns 6 and 7)

• If your target type is a renewable energy or energy efficiency target then you will be presented with a drop-down list of energy-related metrics kW, MW, GW, kWh, MWh, GWh and Percentage (%) in column 6.
• Jurisdictions reporting a renewable energy or energy efficiency are not required to provide details in the subsequent text field ‘Metric used to measure target’ unless further context on the applicable metric is required.
• If the target type is not a renewable energy or energy efficiency target, then please provide a description of the metric in the text field ‘Metric used to measure target’

Metric value in base year (column 8)

• Report the value of the target in the base year, for example if the target is to ‘Increase installed capacity of renewable electricity’ and the installed capacity of renewable electricity generation sources was 5MW in the base year then you would enter the number 5 in this field.

Target year (column 9)

• Report the year by which the target should be achieved. Please note that the target year cannot be in the past.

Metric value in target year (column 10)

• Report the expected value to be achieved in the target year, for example if the target is to increase the proportion of electricity consumed from renewable sources to 100% by 2030 then enter 100 in the field.

Metric value in most recent year data is available (column 11)

• Report the metric value for most recent year data is available, this data will inform analysis of the progress of sector-based targets. In the field ‘Comment’ you can indicate the year for which this data applies or if data is not available then this can also be reported in the field ‘Comment’.

Percentage of renewable energy of total energy in target year (column 12)

• This column is only presented if the target type you are reporting is a renewable energy target.
• Report the expected jurisdiction-wide sector-wide percentage of final energy consumption that will be consumed from renewable energy sources in the target year.
• If you are reporting a percentage-based target renewable energy consumption target, then this value may be the same the value as that reported in column 10 ‘Metric value in target year’.
• Given the broad spectrum of renewable energy targets that are set by governments this data will enable comparability of reported targets.

Is this target publicly available? (column 13)

• Report if the target is publicly available, if so please provide a link in the text box that is presented or attach the file using the paperclip icon in the reporting system. If the link is more than 250 characters, then please provide the link in the field ‘Comment’.

Comment (column 13)

• Please provide any additional contextual information which can include data sources used and methods to assess progress. You may wish to reference any plans or strategies developed to help deliver the target. If you have specified policies, programs, and/or financial incentives that are in place to support uptake of renewable energy production/consumption please indicate here the administering body (local/regional/national/supranational) of these actions.

Module: Planning

Climate Action Planning

(7.1) Does your jurisdiction have a climate action plan or strategy?

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation, Mitigation, Energy Access and Poverty Pillars^
• TCFD: Strategy (Disclosure C)
  
• Race to Resilience
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response options

Select from:

• Yes, our jurisdiction has a climate action plan or strategy
• No, but we are currently undertaking one and it will be complete in the next year
• No, but we are intending to undertake one in the next two years
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of financial capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of expertise/technical capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to lack of financial capacity and expertise/technical capacity
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to other higher priorities
• No, and we are not intending to undertake due to a reason not listed above, please specify

Requested content

General

• Please respond to indicate whether your jurisdiction has produced a climate action plan by selecting 'Yes, our jurisdiction has a climate action plan or strategy' from the drop-down menu.
• This can include an integrated climate action plan that addresses climate adaptation, climate mitigation and/or energy or a standalone plan(s) that addresses these aspects.
• If your jurisdiction does not have a climate action plan then select the most relevant reason why not, if you wish to provide further information you can do so by selecting the comment icon and entering this information in the presented text field.

Resources

Adaptation and mitigation

Adaptation

Mitigation

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 6.1 “Climate action plans” of the Common Reporting Framework states that local governments shall develop plans for both climate change mitigation and adaptation (climate resilience), which may be presented in separate plans or an integrated plan. Local governments shall submit their climate action plans to GCoM within three years upon joining GCoM.

Avoiding common mistakes

To be compliant with the GCoM "Mitigation-Plan badge" and "Adaptation-Plan badge" cities must answer "Yes, our jurisdiction has a climate action plan or strategy” and answer all mandatory columns in question 7.1a.

Also, cities must answer 8.1 for the adaptation plan badge and 9.1 for the mitigation plan badge.

If your mitigation/adaptation action plans have been completed before this year and are due to be published in 2022, you can select: “Yes, our jurisdiction has a climate action plan or strategy”

(7.1a) Report details on the climate action plan or strategy that addresses climate mitigation and/or climate adaptation (resilience) in your jurisdiction.

Question dependencies

This question is presented if ‘Yes, our jurisdiction has a climate action plan or strategy’ is selected in response to 7.1.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Columns 1 - 8
• Pathway 2 and 3: Columns 1 - 13

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation, Mitigation, Energy Access and Poverty Pillars^
• TCFD: Strategy (Disclosure C)
• Race to Resilience
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG7, SDG11, SDG13, SDG17

Response Options

Please complete the following table. A comment field will accompany this question to allow for any additional relevant information to be reported. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

[Add row]

*Selecting an option in this column is mandatory for submission

Requested Content

Climate action plan type (column 1)

• Report the type of climate action plan your jurisdiction has in place, this may be an integrated climate action plan which encompasses both adaptation, mitigation (and potentially energy access and/or poverty) or standalone plans that separately address adaption, mitigation and/or energy access.

Attachment/ link and name of plan (column 2)

• Use this field to attach your jurisdiction’s climate action plan. You can do this by clicking ‘Chose file’, navigating to the inventory file and clicking ‘Attach’. Confirm that the inventory has been attached by selecting the option ‘The plan has been attached’ in column 3.
• If you are providing a direct weblink to the climate action plan, please ensure the climate action plan can be accessed unrestricted on the link provided.

Confirm attachment/link provided to plan (column 3)

• Select the appropriate option from the list of the presented options. For example, if you have attached the file in column 2 you will make the selection ‘The plan has been attached’
• Providing access to your jurisdiction’s climate action plan is a key item for multiple projects, initiatives and data users for assessment and validation purposes. The purpose of this column is to ensure that jurisdictions who have reported they have climate action plans have provided access to the plan or have indicated that they cannot.
• Selecting an option in this column is mandatory in order for you to be able to submit your response.

Boundary of plan relative to jurisdiction boundary (column 4)

• Indicate the boundary of your climate action plan relative to your jurisdiction’s boundary (as reported in 0.1).
• If the jurisdiction’s climate action plan covers only part of the jurisdiction or covers the whole jurisdiction and adjoining areas outside of the jurisdiction boundary then use the explanation field presented to briefly describe which areas are excluded or additional areas included. For example, if the boundary is smaller or larger indicate the population that is covered by the plan if this is different from the population reported in 0.1.

Processes for monitoring, evaluation and updates of plan (column 5)

• Please indicate the frequency to which the climate plan is monitored, evaluated and updated. If these processes are not in place, then select the option ‘No monitoring, evaluation or update processes in place’. If other processes are in place related to the monitoring, evaluation and updating of the climate action plan then please select the option ‘Other, please specify’ and provide a brief explanation of these processes.
• Monitoring: Indicate how often information on progress of the climate action plan is monitored and publicly reported. It is important that there is a process for monitoring and reporting progress on implementation of the climate action plan with key performance indicators identified for priority actions. This includes regular monitoring and public reporting, in line with existing governance and reporting systems.
• Evaluation: Indicate the frequency to which the climate action plan is evaluated. This provides insight into the processes for evaluating the impact of the climate action plan and can include evaluating jurisdiction wide emissions reductions, risk reduction and the equitable distribution of benefits.
• Updates: Indicate the frequency to which updates to the plan are published. Monitoring and evaluation should feed into the continuous review and revision of the plan, ensuring a reflective and iterative planning process that keeps the jurisdiction on track to meet its targets. This indicates that a process and timeline for review and revision are part of the climate action plan. For further information related to the monitoring, evaluation and updating of climate action plans see C40’s Climate Action Planning Framework.

Funding sources and financial instruments to finance plan (column 6)

• Select all the applicable funding sources and financial instruments that are being used and/or are intended to be used to finance your jurisdiction’s climate action plan.
• The presented list of options is not exhaustive, and should your jurisdiction use alternative funding sources of financial instruments please indicate this by selecting ‘Other, please specify’ and report all others in the text box that is presented.

Stakeholders engaged (column 7)

• Select all of the stakeholder(s) that have been engaged with on the selected plan(s) in Column 1.
• Engaging with multiple stakeholders ensures that the jurisdiction has incorporated a wide range of perspectives and priorities (UN-Habitat). The C40 Inclusive Community Engagement Playbook provides practical support to develop an effective engagement strategy.
• Using a variety of engagement methods increases the ability to engage across different stakeholders, particularly hard-to-reach groups. The methods you use should be selected based on your engagement objectives, for example, to co-design, collaboration, consult, inform or identify/manage. (C40).

Describe if and how climate-related scenarios have informed the plan (column 8)

• This is an exploratory question on the use of climate-related scenarios in the development of climate action plans/strategies.
• Please outline if your climate action plan/strategy has been informed by climate-related scenarios. If so, which scenarios have been used and which time horizons applied. This can include scenarios that are aligned with 1.5°C and 2°C, and, where relevant scenarios resulting in higher temperature increases and consistent with increased climate hazards.
• Scenario analysis can be qualitative, relying on descriptive, written narratives, or quantitative, relying on numerical data and models, or some combination of both. Please outline if your use of scenarios has been qualitative or quantitative in nature.
• There are publicly available scenarios (such as those developed by the International Energy Agency, Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project, and International Renewable Energy Agency) jurisdictions can use, as a direct tool, or a reference point for tailored scenarios.
• If it is the case that your jurisdictions master plan (referred to sometimes as a development plan or strategy) considers climate-related scenarios, please outline this also.

Primary author(s) of plan (column 9)

• Indicate the primary author(s) responsible for the jurisdiction’s climate action plan by selecting the most applicable response(s) from the listed options.

Assessment of co-benefits, trade-offs, and synergies of actions included in plan (column 10)

• Synergies are benefits or characteristics shared among all other mitigation/adaptation actions. For example, if one action is to establish a car-free zone in the jurisdiction center; Another action is to provide rental bikes. These two actions share synergy and will promote zero-carbon commute within the jurisdiction boundary with a greater magnitude.
• Trade-offs are the sacrifices of a certain action. The trade-off of renewable energy deployment will be the increased electricity price and the potential of energy poverty. Therefore, the jurisdiction should take measures to mitigate the trade-off, such as providing subsidies to people with certain income level.
• Co-benefits are the benefits gained apart from the main mitigation/adaptation impacts. For example, the mitigation of air pollution and reduction of road traffic will be the benefit of a car-free zone project.
• C40’s guidance on the ‘Interaction between adaptation and mitigation actions’ and the associated Adaptation and Mitigation Interaction Assessment Tool (AMIA) provides information on how to identify potential interactions between climate adaptation and mitigation measures.

Year of formal approval of plan/ End year of plan (column 10 and 11)

• Enter the year the plan was published and approved by the jurisdiction and the year in which the plan will conclude as a numeric value.

Total cost of implementation of plan (in currency specified in 0.1) (column 12)

• If the cost associated with the implementation of the actions within the climate action plan has been calculated, please report this cost. It is recognised that this figure will be an estimate, you can provide further information on this value in the field ‘Comment’ that will be presented at the end of this question.

Sectors covered by action plan (column 13)

• Select the sectors that are covered by the climate action plan, this may include sectors that have been assigned specific actions within the climate action plan. You can provide further context on this selection in the field ‘Comment’ that will be presented at the end of this question.

Comment

• The column ‘Comment’ will be presented at the end of this questions for all responding jurisdictions.
  • If relevant, attach the stakeholder engagement and communication plan and/or any other reference documents related to the engagement. Reference documents may include meeting minutes, pictures or webpages. However, ensure that no personal data is included in the information reported or the attachments provided.
  • If relevant, report the last year the plan was updated and/or the year when it will be updated next.
  • Explain how the actions contained in the plan have been prioritized and the factors considered when prioritizing climate-related actions.

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 6.1 & 6.2 “Climate action plans & Monitoring” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that all action plan(s) shall include the following information for both mitigation and adaptation actions:

• Description of the stakeholder engagement process
• Mitigation targets and or adaptation goals
• All actions of priority sections
• Descriptions for each action
• The local government which formally adopted the plan
• Date of adoption
• Synergies, tradeoffs and co-benefits
• Lead author team/responsible/coordination team in the local governments.

Local governments shall submit monitoring reports every two years after submitting the action plans

Avoiding common mistakes

Please make sure that you provide details of either:

• An integrated climate plan (addressing mitigation and adaptation)

• A standalone climate mitigation plan AND a standalone adaptation plan

To be complaint with the GCoM "Mitigation-Plan badge" a mitigation plan either integrated in a climate action plan or a standalone mitigation plan has to be attached or linked and all mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately.

To be complaint with the GCoM "Adaptation-Plan badge" a adaptation plan either integrated in a climate action plan or a standalone adaptation plan has to be attached or linked and all mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol) must be answered appropriately.

Sector Action Planning

(7.2) Report details on the other climate-related plans, policies and/or strategies in your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 2 and 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Race to Resilience
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Option

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

[Add Row]

Requested content

Area of plan and/or strategy (column 1)

• Report any other climate-related plan and/or strategy in your jurisdiction. These can include but are not limited to topic specific plans/strategies on for example energy, food, health, mobility and/or water. Please use the ‘other, please specify’ option if the appropriate area is not available.
• If C40 or ICLEI GCC please report your consumption-based emissions strategy, if applicable, in question 7.3.
• For air quality this can include an Air Quality Management Plan developed by the jurisdiction only, or a regional/airshed AQMP in which the jurisdiction participates, or a Climate Action Plan (CAP) where air quality and public health considerations are integrated. An AQMP or AQ integrated-CAP will typically contain:
  • Clear time-bound targets for multiple pollutants (PMx, NOx, Ozone, CO, black carbon, methane, VOCs);
  • Comprehensive control strategies to reduce emissions in key sectors, including a description of how various agencies or departments will implement the strategies and programs outlined;
  • For example the South Coast Air Quality Management Plan 2016

Attachment/ link and name of plan (column 2)

• Use this field to attach any other climate-related plan. You can do this by clicking ‘Chose file’, navigating to the inventory file and clicking ‘Attach’.
• If you are providing a direct weblink to the climate action plan, please ensure the climate action plan can be accessed unrestricted on the link provided.

Current status of plan (column 3)

• In implementation: if your jurisdiction has begun to implement actions from the climate action plan (execution);
• Implementation complete: if the actions identified in the plan have been fully implemented;
• Monitoring and evaluation in progress: if the project is complete and results are being measured;
• Plan update in progress: if your jurisdiction has begun to update the action plan based on the progress and success of actions that have been executed.

Boundary of plan relative to jurisdiction boundary (column 4)

• Indicate the boundary of your climate-related plan relative to your jurisdiction’s boundary (as reported in 0.1).
• If the jurisdiction’s climate-related plan covers only part of the jurisdiction or covers the whole jurisdiction and adjoining areas outside of the jurisdiction boundary then use the explanation field presented to briefly describe which areas are excluded or additional areas included.

Year of formal approval of plan and End year of plan (column 5 and 6)

• Enter the year the plan was published and approved by the jurisdiction and the year in which the plan will conclude as a numeric value.

Comment (column 7)

• You may use the field ‘Comment’ to add any additional context to your response.

Consumption Based Emissions Strategy

(7.3) Does your jurisdiction have a strategy for addressing emissions from consumption of the most relevant goods and services?

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG12, SDG13

Response Option

Please complete the following table:

Requested Content

General

• Consumption-based GHG accounting is an alternative to the sector-based approach to measuring jurisdiction GHG emissions. This question focuses on the consumption of goods and services (such as food, clothing, electronic equipment, etc.) by residents of your jurisdiction, and GHG emissions are reported by consumption category rather than GHG emission source category. (Source: Consumption-Based GHG Emissions Of C40 Cities)
• In your response, please explain how you are measuring and reducing consumption based GHG emissions in your jurisdiction for each of these consumption categories. If a reduction target is in place, please specify more information.

Overview of consumption-based accounting

• There are two main ways to measure GHG emissions in a jurisdiction – that result in two different sets of inventories. The most commonly used approach is a so called “production-based” perspective that records all the emissions that a jurisdiction's residents give rise to through local activities. When a car is driven on the streets of a jurisdiction, its fuel-usage adds to that jurisdiction's production-based emissions; if a home or an office is heated with natural gas or coal-generated electricity, that adds to the jurisdiction's emissions; if waste is transported to an open land-fill where it is incinerated, that adds to the jurisdiction's emissions as well, and so forth.
• However, this accounting framework does not fully reflect the impact that jurisdictions have on global emissions. Take a smart phone purchased in your jurisdiction as an example. In a production-based emissions inventory, your jurisdiction would document the energy used and the carbon emitted from charging that smart phone within the urban boundary.
• What isn’t included in the production-based inventory is the fact that a lot of carbon was emitted when making that smartphone in the first place. Mining for the phone’s metal components generated emissions while fossil fuels were used to make its plastic casing. The manufacturing plant that assembled the device used energy to power its machinery; as did the trucks, ships, trains and planes that shipped the phone to your jurisdiction, along with the warehouse where it sat on a shelf before it was sent to a store or packaged for a home-delivery. All of those carbon-generating activities happened before a resident of your jurisdiction ever bought the phone, connected it to an electrical outlet and started charging.
• A “consumption-based” emissions inventory, and associated jurisdiction strategies, aims to capture these supply-chain emissions and account for the sum total of a product or service’s emissions at the point of purchase. If a phone was made to satisfy the consumer demand from a resident in your jurisdiction, the emissions associated with making the smartphone will be added to your jurisdiction's consumption-based emissions inventory - and that type of emissions would be tackled by a jurisdiction strategy on consumption-based emissions.

Finance

(7.4) Describe any planned climate-related projects within your jurisdiction for which you hope to attract financing.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1, 2 and 3

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

Requested Content

General

• The goal of this question is to understand what climate-related projects your jurisdiction is currently seeking external financing for from public or private institutions. These may be projects relating to renewable energy, sustainable transport, building or energy efficiency, waste, water or other climate-related areas. From the data gathered in this question, we aim to help improve access to financing for climate change-related projects.
• Use the table in this question to list the different projects your jurisdiction is looking to attract public or private sector finance for – you can add multiple projects by clicking ‘Add row’.
• If you select the option 'No relevant projects' the subsequent columns that contain the * symbol will not be presented.
  
  

Project area (column 1)

• Your selection will determine whether the subsequent columns are presented. If your jurisdiction is not currently seeking financing on any relevant projects, please select “No relevant projects” in the first field, if this option is selected then none of the subsequent columns will be presented.
• Use the drop-down options to select the project area that is closest to the project that your jurisdiction is seeking financing for. If the project also relates to other project areas, you can provide this information in the field ‘Project description and attach project proposal’.

Project title (column 2)

• Please provide a short title or name for the project. You can provide further qualitative information on the project in the field ‘Project description and attach project proposal’.

Stage of project development (column 3)

• Please indicate the current status of the project by selecting from the listed options.

Status of financing (column 4)

• Please indicate the status of the project’s financing by selecting from the listed options:
• Project not financed and seeking partial financing: If the project is not funded and your jurisdiction is seeking financing for part of the project. If your project is in this status, please indicate how much finance is being sought in these fields of the table.
• Project not financed and seeking full financing: if the project is not funded and seeking financing for the whole project. If your project is in this status, please indicate how much finance is being sought in these fields of the table.
• Project partially financed and seeking additional financing: if the project is partially financed, but your jurisdiction is still seeking additional finance. If your project is in the status, please indicate how much finance has already been received and how much additional finance is being sought.

Financing model identified (column 5)

• Indicate if your jurisdiction has identified possible financing models for the implementation of climate action projects.

Project description and attach project proposal (column 6)

• Use this text box to describe the project in as much detail as possible. Detail should include context about the project such as: a web link, the scale of the project, collaborators in the project, expected environmental and social impacts, the type of financing being sought (if known), etc. If available, attach your written project proposal using the attachment function.

Total cost of project (column 7)

• Give an estimate of the total overall cost of the project, including any financing which has already been secured. This figure should be in the same currency that you selected in question 0.1 for all financial information disclosed throughout your response.

Total investment cost needed (if relevant) (column 8)

• Indicate how much finance you hope to raise for the project. If your project is partially financed and seeking additional finance, please indicate the amount of money your jurisdiction is still seeking. This figure should be in the same currency that you selected in question 0.1 for all financial information disclosed throughout your response.

(7.5) Report the factors that support climate-related investment and financial planning in your jurisdiction.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 3

Connection to other frameworks

• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG17

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

Requested content

Mechanisms used by jurisdiction to access finance for climate-related projects (row 1)

• Listed are a range of mechanisms used by local governments to access finance for climate-related projects, select the options that are used by your jurisdiction. Some of the listed options will not be applicable to your jurisdiction and some options that are applicable may not be listed, if this is the case please select ‘Other, please specify’ and outline the mechanism(s) used.
• If you have indicated that your jurisdiction has received or secured funding for climate-related projects from an International Financial Institution (e.g. World Bank, Asian Development Bank, etc.) please outline in the comments field please outline the specific International Financial Institution.

Credit rating (row 2)

• Select whether your jurisdiction has an international and/or domestic credit rating, or no credit rating. If your jurisdiction has more than one rating, please report the highest credit rating and indicate the other rating(s) in the column ‘Comment’.
• Credit ratings are forward looking opinions about an issuer’s relative creditworthiness. They provide a common and transparent global language for investors to form a view on and compare the relative likelihood of whether an issuer may repay its debts on time and in full (S&P, 2020)

Decarbonising jurisdiction investments (row 3)

• Indicate if your jurisdiction has taken steps to decarbonise the investments held by the jurisdiction retirement funds either by investing in the low-carbon economy, divesting from fossil fuels or other actions. These actions can promote the transition to a more resilient, prosperous and sustainable economy.
• If applicable, provide further detail in the comment column on other actions you are taking which could include aligning reporting with the Taskforce for Climate-related Financial Disclosures recommendations, developing a policy to divest from fossil fuel companies etc.
• Government’s around the world have committed to divest from fossil fuels and increase investments to build more just and sustainable cities, recent examples include Auckland, Copenhagen, Glasgow, Paris, Rio de Janeiro and Seattle (C40).

Module: Actions

Adaptation Actions

(8.1) Describe the outcomes of the most significant adaptation actions your jurisdiction is currently undertaking. Note that this can include those in the planning and/or implementation phase.

A selection must be made for both fields in Column 1. Please note your data won't be saved if one field is left blank.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Columns 1 - 9
• Pathway 2 and 3: Columns 1 - 12

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Adaptation Pillars^
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure A)
• Race to Resilience
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

[Add Row]

Requested Content

Action (column 1)

• Report the outcomes of the most significant adaptation actions your jurisdiction is currently undertaking.
• If the action types presented are not applicable then select ‘Other, please specify’ and provide the action type in the text box that is presented.
• If your jurisdiction is not taking any action, select the option ‘No adaptation action in place’ and in the follow-on field select the option that best reflects your jurisdiction’s intention to undertake an action.
• Note for Brazilian Cities: SEEG have developed a tool to support the identification and implementation of climate actions.

Climate hazard(s) that action addresses (column 2)

• The drop-down options in this question depend on the selection of climate hazards in question 1.2
• The actions selected must correspond to the hazard being reported against. If the action does not directly related to a hazard please select ‘action does not address hazard’.

Action description and web link to further information (column 3)

• Use this field to describe the action in as much detail as possible. Detail could include context about the project such as how your jurisdiction identified and prioritized the action, whether your jurisdiction tested the actions through pilot/demonstration projects. Where possible, outline the tools and mechanisms for measuring the impact of the adaptation action and number of people impacted by adaptation action. If available, please include a weblink which provides further information on the action.
• If you select 'action in operation', please provide information on progress tracking and/or ongoing monitoring & evaluation data if available. Tracking the adaptation action's progress is important especially when the timeframe is medium- to long-term. It can provide you with information on what is working, what is not and if alterations need to be made to succeed. (IISD, 2019)

Sectors adaptation action applies to (column 4)

• Select the relevant sectors where the adaptation action is applicable. This may be the sectors where the goal is directly implemented or sectors where the action indirectly reduces the risk of climate hazards to that sector.

Co-benefits realized (column 5)

• Actions taken to adapt to climate change can also provide additional areas of benefit for the jurisdiction. Please select which areas other than creating resilience are also improved as a result of the action.
• Evaluating the impacts of wider opportunities/benefits can help build a strong case for climate actions, create buy-in from decision-makers and help prioritize those actions that will deliver the most benefits (The co-benefits of climate action: Accelerating City-Level Ambition).
• The Urban Climate Action Impacts Framework suggests indicators that can be used to measure co-benefits.
• Tools that can enable your jurisdiction to quantify co-benefits include: C40 Benefits toolkit and Siemens City Performance Tool.

Timeframe for which increased resilience is expected to last (column 6)

• Indicate the timescale at which the increased resilience is expected to last based on the following list of values:
  • Short-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will expect increased resilience to last till 2025.
  • Medium-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will expect increased resilience to last between 2026 and 2050
  • Long-term – if you anticipate your jurisdiction will expect increased resilience to last after 2051.

Proportion of the total jurisdiction population with increased resilience due to adaptation action (column 7)

• Based on your jurisdiction’s total population, select the most applicable percentage range that represents the proportion potentially exposed to increased resilience. It is acknowledged that this selection will, in many cases, be based upon an estimate.
• Where your jurisdiction does not have the data available to respond you can select the option ‘Data is not available’.

Hectares (ha) of natural systems with increased resilience due to adaptation action (column 8)

• Indicate the hectares of natural system affected by the action taken using a numeric value.

Funding source(s) (column 9)

• Please select the relevant funding sources providing financial support for the action.

Status of action in the reporting year (column 10)

• It is expected that a diverse set of adaptation action will be reported, and that the definition of the status will be dependent upon type of adaptation action (for example the status of the implementation of flood defences and cool pavement may vary considerably). Recognizing this variation cities are requested to select the status option that most closely relates to the context of the adaptation action being reported, if the presented options are not applicable the select ‘Other, please specify’ and provide the status in the text box that is presented.
  • Pre-implementation: The pre-implementation phase refers to actions which have yet to be implemented or yet to be in operation but are undergoing a scoping or pre-feasibility study or in the process of securing funding.
  • Implementation: The implementation phase refers to actions which are yet to be in operation and delivering adaptation impacts but have started to be executed/implemented.
  • Post-implementation/ Operation: The post-implementation/operation phase refers to actions which are in operation and delivering adaptation impacts.

Inclusion in climate action plan and/or jurisdiction development/master plan (column 11)

• Select the option ‘Action is included in climate action plan (or analogous document)’ if the action is included in your jurisdiction's climate action or master/development plan. This includes climate action or master/development plans that are published or currently in development but where it is known the action will be included.

Total cost of action (in currency specified in 0.1) (column 12)

• Total action cost is defined as all costs specific to the action incurred prior to operation. Please provide the total expected cost of the action, in numbers with no delimiters. For example $600,000 should be written as 600000. Please ensure you are reporting using the currency selected in 0.1.

Explanation of terms

• Sustainable, healthy diet: While the exact definition of what constitutes a sustainable, healthy diet is subjective and may vary by city, the general principles are at a diet that prioritizes low-carbon, sustainably sourced health-positive foods, usually largely plant-based and with a reduction in meat consumption. Several frameworks define diets in this vein:
  • WRI's Cool Food initiative emphasize low-carbon footprint meals that meat nutritional safeguards
  • EAT, a partner of the Cool Food initiative, utilizes the "Planetary Healthy diet," a flexible set of guidelines for food groups that constitute an optimal diet for human health and environmental sustainability. It emphasizes a plant-forward diet where whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes comprise a greater proportion of foods consumed. Meat and dairy constitute important parts of the diet but in significantly smaller proportions than whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes.
  • The Milan Urban Food Pact defines a sustainable diet as one that is "healthy, safe, culturally appropriate, environmentally friendly, and rights-based."
• Sustainable food production practices: the list below are some examples and is not exhaustive:
  • Regenerative agriculture: an inclusive agroecossytems approach for conserving land and soil, biodiversity, and improving ecosystem services within farming systems. It focuses on the regeneration of living soil, improved micro hydrology, and conserving biodiversity at all levels while enhancing inputs use efficiency and ecosystem system services (FAO 2021). Practices include cover crops, reducing tilling, crop rotation, composting, organic farming, and natural fertilizer use in place of chemicals and herbicides.
  • Nature-based solutions: a suite of actions or policies that harness the power of nature to address some of our most pressing societal challenges, such as threats to water security, rising risk of natural disasters, or climate change. These solutions involve protecting, restoring, and sustainably managing ecosystems in ways that increase their resiliency and ability to address those societal challenges, while also safeguarding biodiversity and improving human well-being (WWF)
  • Nature-positive production: Food production systems that provide beneficial impacts to nature (e.g. pollinator support, reforestation, improved biodiversity, etc) and avoid typical impacts to the environment such as deforestation (UNEP).

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 6.1 “Climate action plans” of the Common Reporting Framework indicates that for each mitigation/adaptation action, Climate Action Plans should provide the following information:

• Brief description of the action
• Synergies, trade-offs, and co-benefits of mitigation and adaptation actions

Avoiding common mistakes

To be compliant with the GCoM "Adaptation Plan badge" cities must answer at least one adaptation action including all mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol).

Relevant tools and other guidance materials

Mitigation Actions

(9.1) Describe the outcomes of the most significant mitigation actions your jurisdiction is currently undertaking. Note that this can include those in the planning and/or implementation phases.

A selection must be made for both fields in Column 1. Please note your data won't be saved if one field is left blank.

Questionnaire Pathway

• Pathway 1: Column 1 - 10
• Pathway 2 and 3: Column 1 - 13

Connection to other frameworks

• GCoM: Mitigation Pillars^
• TCFD: Metric and Targets (Disclosure A)
  
• Race to Zero
• European Climate Pact
• Sustainable Development Goals: SDG11, SDG13

Response Options

Please complete the following table. You are able to add rows by using the “Add Row” button at the bottom of the table.

Requested Content

General

• This question requests information about the efforts you are undertaking to reduce community-wide emissions.
• For example, a jurisdiction may have multiple actions within the wider activity of improving buildings energy efficiency / retrofit measures, which may involve different forms of public/private partnership, different sectors, scope, costs or timescale.
• This question seeks to understand the details about emissions reduction projects which your jurisdiction has, including the activities which they fall under, emissions reduction potential, timescale and other details.
• The WRI have developed the ‘Policy and Action Standard - An Accounting and Reporting Standard for Estimating the Greenhouse Gas Effects of Policies and Actions’, this standard can support your jurisdictions efforts in estimating and reporting the change in GHG emissions and removals resulting from policies and actions.
• Note for Brazilian Cities: SEEG have developed a tool to support the identification and implementation of climate actions.

Primary emissions sector addressed and action type (column 1)

• First, select the sector where the majority of emissions reductions are or will be realized.
• Secondly, select the most appropriate action type form the list presented. If the action types presented are not applicable then select ‘Other, please specify’ and provide the action type in the text box that is presented.
• If your jurisdiction is not taking any action, select the option ‘No mitigation action in place’ and in the follow-on field select the option that best reflects your jurisdiction’s intention to undertake an action.

Action description and web link to further information (column 2)

• Use this field to describe the action in as much detail as possible. Detail could include context about the project such as how your jurisdiction identified and prioritized the action, whether your jurisdiction tested the actions through pilot/demonstration projects.
• If available, please include a weblink which provides further information on the action.
• If you select 'action in operation', please provide information on progress tracking and/or ongoing monitoring & evaluation data if available. Tracking the mitigation action's progress is important especially when the year for which mitigation is expected to last lies further ahead (e.g. 2030 or 2050). It can provide you with information on what is working, what is not and if alterations need to be made to achieve the emission reduction set out at the start. (UN)
• If this action has received financing from an International Finance Institution, please provide information on the type of scheme and the specific projects/activities funded, if significantly different to the action being reported.

Start year of action/ Year for which mitigation is expected to last (columns 4 and 5)

• In these fields you are requested to indicate the timescale for which the emissions mitigation, energy savings and/or renewable energy generation associated with the action will last. For example, if the action being reported is the installation of solar panels on government owned facilities the start year is the year from which the solar system is functioning while the end year is the expected year by when the system will stop producing power. If the action is expected to last beyond the year 2050 then select the option ‘2051 or later’, if it is impossible to determine an end year or an end year is not applicable to the action being reported then select ‘End year not known/not applicable’.

Impact indicators measured (columns 6 – 9)

• Select the indicators which are measured in relation to the action being reported. Your selection in this column will determine which of the following columns are presented: Estimated annual emissions reductions (metric tons CO2e/year), Estimated annual energy savings (MWh/year) and/or Estimated annual renewable energy generation (MWh/year).
• If none of the options are applicable, then select the option ‘None of the above impacts associated with this action have been measured’ you will not be presented with columns 7 – 9 in this instance.
• If you measure another impact indicator then select the option ‘Other impact indicator, please specify’ and specify the indicator and its associated value in the text box that is presented.

Co-benefits realised (column 10)

• Please select which areas other than reducing GHG emissions are also improved as a result of the action.
• Evaluating the impacts of wider opportunities/benefits can help build a strong case for climate actions, create buy-in from decision-makers and help prioritize those actions that will deliver the most benefits (The co-benefits of climate action: Accelerating City-Level Ambition).
• The Urban Climate Action Impacts Framework suggests indicators that can be used to measure co-benefits.
• Tools that can enable your jurisdiction to quantify co-benefits include: C40 Benefits toolkit and Siemens City Performance Tool.

Funding source(s) (column 11)

• Please select the relevant funding sources providing financial support for the action.

Status of action in the reporting year (column 12)

• It is expected that a diverse set of mitigation actions will be reported, and that the definition of the status will be dependent upon type of mitigation action (for example the status of the implementation of building codes and standards and a community-owned renewable electricity installation may vary considerably). Recognizing this variation cities are requested to select the status option that most closely relates to the context of the mitigation action being reported, if the presented options are not applicable the select ‘Other, please specify’ and provide the status in the text box that is presented.
• Pre-implementation: The pre-implementation phase refers to actions which have yet to be implemented or yet to be in operation but are undergoing a scoping or pre-feasibility study or in the process of securing funding.
• Implementation: The implementation phase refers to actions which are yet to be in operation and delivering mitigation impacts (i.e., emissions reductions or energy savings or renewable energy generation) but have started to be executed/implemented.
• Post-implementation/ Operation: The post-implementation/operation phase refers to actions which are in operation and delivering mitigation impacts (i.e., emissions reductions or energy savings or renewable energy generation).

Inclusion in climate action plan and/or jurisdiction development/master plan (column 13)

• Select the option ‘Action is included in climate action plan (or analogous document)’ if the action is included in your jurisdiction's climate action or master/development plan. This includes climate action or master/development plans that are published or currently in development but where it is known the action will be included.

Total cost of action (in currency specified in 0.1) (column 14)

• Total action cost is defined as all costs specific to the action incurred prior to operation. Please provide the total expected cost of the action, in numbers with no delimiters. For example, $600,000 should be written as 600000. Please ensure you are reporting using the currency selected in 0.1.

Action description

Funding source(s), and percentage of total cost funded from source: For each option selected you will be presented with a text box, please enter the percentage in a number format i.e. for 40% enter ‘40’. This value can be a rounded estimate.

Explanation of terms

• Sustainable, healthy diet: While the exact definition of what constitutes a sustainable, healthy diet is subjective and may vary by city, the general principles are at a diet that prioritizes low-carbon, sustainably sourced health-positive foods, usually largely plant-based and with a reduction in meat consumption. Several frameworks define diets in this vein:
  • WRI's Cool Food initiative emphasize low-carbon footprint meals that meet nutritional safeguards
  • EAT, a partner of the Cool Food initiative, utilizes the "Planetary Healthy diet," a flexible set of guidelines for food groups that constitute an optimal diet for human health and environmental sustainability. It emphasizes a plant-forward diet where whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes comprise a greater proportion of foods consumed. Meat and dairy constitute important parts of the diet but in significantly smaller proportions than whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes.
  • The Milan Urban Food Pact defines a sustainable diet as one that is "healthy, safe, culturally appropriate, environmentally friendly, and rights-based."
• Sustainable food production practices: the list below are some examples and is not exhaustive:
  • Regenerative agriculture: an inclusive agroecossytems approach for conserving land and soil, biodiversity, and improving ecosystem services within farming systems. It focuses on the regeneration of living soil, improved micro hydrology, and conserving biodiversity at all levels while enhancing inputs use efficiency and ecosystem system services (FAO 2021). Practices include cover crops, reducing tilling, crop rotation, composting, organic farming, and natural fertilizer use in place of chemicals and herbicides.
  • Nature-based solutions: a suite of actions or policies that harness the power of nature to address some of our most pressing societal challenges, such as threats to water security, rising risk of natural disasters, or climate change. These solutions involve protecting, restoring, and sustainably managing ecosystems in ways that increase their resiliency and ability to address those societal challenges, while also safeguarding biodiversity and improving human well-being (WWF)
  • Nature-positive production: Food production systems that provide beneficial impacts to nature (e.g. pollinator support, reforestation, improved biodiversity, etc) and avoid typical impacts to the environment such as deforestation (UNEP).

GCoM guidance

Link to the GCoM Common Reporting Framework (CRF)

Section 6.1 “Climate action plans” indicates that for each mitigation/adaptation action, Climate Action Plans should provide the following information:

• Brief description of the action
• Assessment of energy saving, renewable energy production, and GHG emissions reduction by action, action area or sector (only applicable to mitigation actions).
• Co-benefits

Avoiding common mistakes

To be compliant with the GCoM "Mitigation Plan badge" cities must complete at least one mitigation action including all mandatory columns (highlighted with ^ symbol).

Relevant tools and other guidance materials

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Further information

(10.1) Use this field to provide any additional information or context that you feel is relevant to your jurisdiction's response. Please note that this field is optional and is not scored/assessed.

Response options

(10.2) Where available, please provide the following documentation relevant to your membership in the Green Climate Cities program.

Response Options

Please complete the following table:

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Terms & Conditions for responding cities:

Cities 2022 Questionnaire

1. DEFINITIONS

CDP means CDP Worldwide, a charitable company registered with the Charity Commission of England and Wales (registered charity no. 1122330 and a company number 05013650). References to “we”, “our” and “us” in these terms are references to CDP.

CDP-ICLEI Track means the platform that collects climate data from cities via the Questionnaire.

C40 City means a city that is a member or affiliate city of the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group administered by C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, Inc. (“C40”) and is identified as such on CDP’s online dashboard.

Cities Race to Resilience means an initiative to accelerate adaptation action in cities, contributing to the resilience of 4 billion people from vulnerable groups and communities to climate risks.

Cities Race to Zero means an initiative to mobilize cities to commit to setting science-based targets and start implementing climate action.

Deadline means 27 July 2022 (unless otherwise stated by CDP).

GCoM City means a city committed to the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy (“GCoM”) and is identified as such on CDP’s online dashboard.

ICLEI means ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability e.V, World Secretariat.

European Climate Pact means an initiative of the European Commission to build a greener Europe through concrete climate and environmental actions.

Personal Data means data which relates to an individual who can be uniquely identified from the data, such as your city leader’s name and title.

Questionnaire means the Cities 2022 Questionnaire. This comprises questions common to all cities and additional questions under our partner initiatives including with C40, GCoM, and ICLEI.

Responding City means the city responding to the Questionnaire. References to “you” and “your” in these terms are references to the Responding City.

2. PARTIES

The parties to these terms shall be CDP and the Responding City.

3. THESE TERMS

These are the terms that apply when you submit a response to our Questionnaire. If you do not agree to these terms, please contact us at [email protected] to discuss them with us.

4. RESPONDING TO THE QUESTIONNAIRE

General. When responding to the Questionnaire, you will be given a choice as to whether your response can be made public or whether your response is non-public, unless your city decides to participate in the GCoM initiative and/or European Climate Pact and/or Cities Race to Zero and/or Race to Resilience in which case you can only respond publicly.

We strongly encourage you to make your response public. When responding to the Questionnaire, you are responsible for checking that the data you submit through any third party (e.g. Google Environmental Insights Explorer, GCoM’s and WRI’s Data Portal for Cities or C40’s City Inventory Reporting and Information System (CIRIS)) is complete and correct.

Deadline for responding. You must submit your response to us using our online response system by the Deadline to ensure it is eligible for CDP scoring and inclusion in reports.

Public responses. If you agree that your response can be made public, we may use it in furtherance of our charitable mission, including by:

(a) making it available as soon as it is received by CDP to our partners (including C40, GCoM, ICLEI, and the European Climate Pact), appointed report writers and any other parties we deem appropriate;

(b) making it publicly available, for example through our Open Data Portal (https://data.cdp.net/) and stored and preserved on our servers indefinitely thereafter;

(c) compiling it in CDP databases and making it available in original, modified or adapted form for use by commercial (for a fee or otherwise) and non-commercial organizations;

(d) amalgamating it with information about the Responding City from other public sources; and

(e) using in any other way that accords with our charitable mission.

Non-public responses. If your response is non-public, we may use the data you submit only as follows:

(a) for all cities, make it available as soon as it is received by CDP to our group companies and to companies we license to operate using the CDP name and brand (for example, CDP North America, Inc. and CDP Europe AISBL), our country partners, research partners, data management partners, report writers and scoring partners (each from time to time):

• (i) to score your response; and
• (ii) for any other use within their organizations but not for publication unless any data from your response has been anonymized or aggregated in such manner that it has the effect of being anonymized. CDP and its agents will make all reasonable efforts to safeguard the confidentiality of the data in your response;

(b) for all cities, we may make it available as soon as it is received by CDP to ICLEI for any use within their organization and who will be entitled to make it available to its report writers but who will not publish or otherwise make available any data from your response unless it has been anonymized or aggregated in such manner that is has the effect of being anonymized. ICLEI and its report writers are required to make all reasonable efforts to safeguard the confidentiality of the data in your response; and

(c) for C40 Cities, make it available as soon as it is received by CDP to C40 for any use within their organization and who may make it available to its report writers, but shall not publish or otherwise make available any data from your response unless it has been anonymized or aggregated in such manner that is has the effect of being anonymized. C40 and its report writers shall make all reasonable efforts to safeguard the confidentiality of the data in your response.

Amending your response. You may amend a response you have submitted at any time before 7 December 2022, but please note that any changes you make to your response after the Deadline may not be reflected in any CDP score or any publication.

Scoring of responses. If you submit your response to the Questionnaire using CDP-ICLEI Track we may score your response.

Publication and use of scores. If your response is scored and you receive an A grade, we may make your score public and publish it. If you do not receive an A grade, we will only disclose your score to you and to our group companies, companies we license to operate using the CDP name and brand (for example, CDP North America, Inc. and CDP Europe AISBL), our reporting partners (including ICLEI, C40 and GCoM), research partners, report writers and scoring partners, in each case for use only within their organizations and not for publication.

Future Questionnaires. Your submission of your response for the current year also constitutes your request to us to invite you and to remind you to respond in future years but you acknowledge that any future responses will be made upon the then-current version of these terms which you will need to accept at that time.

5. RIGHTS IN THE RESPONSES

Ownership. All intellectual property rights in your response will be owned by you or your licensors.

License. You grant to us, or shall procure for us, a perpetual, irrevocable, non-exclusive, assignable, sub-licensable, royalty-free and global license to use your response and any intellectual property rights including copyright and data base rights in your response for the uses set out in these terms (including creating scores).

6. IMPORTANT REPRESENTATIONS

You confirm that:

(a) the person submitting the response to us is authorized by you to submit the response;

(b) you have obtained all necessary consents and permissions to submit the response to us; and

(c) the response that you submit:

• (i) does not infringe the rights of any third party (including privacy, publicity or intellectual property rights);
• (ii) does not defame any third party; and
• (iii) does not include any Personal Data.

7. LIABILITY

We do not exclude or limit in any way our liability to you where it would be unlawful to do so. This includes liability for death or personal injury caused by our negligence or the negligence of our employees, agents or subcontractors, or for fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation.

We are not liable for financial losses. Subject to these terms, CDP has no liability to you in any circumstances for any loss of revenue, loss of profit, loss of business, business interruption, loss of business opportunity, loss of goodwill, loss of reputation, loss of, damage to or corruption of data or software.

We are not liable for consequential losses. Subject to these terms, CDP has no liability to you in any circumstances for any indirect or consequential loss or damage of any nature whatsoever.

Exclusion of liability. Subject to these terms, CDP has no liability to you in any circumstances arising from the content or submission of your response to us, our use of your response, our publication of your A grade score and/or the use of or any reliance placed upon your response or your A grade score by you or by any third parties.

Limitation of liability. Subject to these terms, CDP’s total liability to you in all circumstances shall be limited to £625.

8. DATA PROTECTION

Each party acknowledges that during the course of their relationship CDP may process personal data including personal data which may be provided to it by or on behalf of the Responding City including the personal data of its registered users of the CDP dashboard and other contacts. CDP will only process such personal data for purposes related to its relationship with the Responding City including inviting and assisting the Responding City to complete the reporting process. The Responding City shall ensure that any relevant data subjects receive a fair processing notice which includes the above information and includes a reference to CDP’s privacy notice available at www.cdp.net/en/privacy-policy and shall otherwise ensure that CDP is able to process all personal data provided to it by or on behalf of the Responding City for the above purposes in compliance with applicable data protection legislation including the Data Protection Act 2018 as amended by the Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 which merge the previous requirements of that Act with the requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation ((EU) 2016/679) (“UK GDPR”).

9. GENERAL

We may transfer our rights to someone else. We may transfer our rights and obligations under these terms to another organization.

Nobody else has any rights under these terms. These terms are between you and us. No other person shall have any rights to enforce any of its terms. Entire agreement. These terms constitute the entire agreement between you and us.

Variation. CDP reserves the right to change these terms at any time. Such changes shall be effective immediately or at such other time as CDP elects. In the event of any materially adverse changes, you may request to withdraw your response within 30 days of us notifying you of the change.

If a court finds part of these terms illegal, the rest will continue in force. Each of the paragraphs of these terms operates separately. If any court or relevant authority decides that any of them are unlawful, the remaining paragraphs will remain in full force and effect.

Governing law and jurisdiction. These terms are governed by English law and you and us both submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the English courts to resolve any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with these terms or their subject matter or formation.